Effects of winter wheat cultivars and seed rate on the biological characteristics of naturally occurring weed flora

Korres, Nicholas E.; Froud-Williams, R. J.

doi:10.1046/j.1365-3180.2002.00302.x

Cited by 97 publications

(68 citation statements)

References 27 publications

(34 reference statements)

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Increased herbicide resistance, rising costs of production and an increased interest in environmental protection through the adoption of sustainable and organic management systems are creating the need for researchers to explore non-chemical methods of weed control (Jordan 1993;Lemerle et al 1996). Such methods include the use of various tillage regimes (Barberi et al 2000), crop rotations and intercropping (Hartl 1989), crop seeding density (Korres and Froud-Williams 2002), and the use of competitive varieties (Huel and Hucl 1996;Lemerle et al 1996).…”

Section: Competitive Ability Of Wheat Competitive Ability In Plantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Competitive ability of wheat in conventional and organic management systems: A review of the literature

Mason¹,

Spaner²

2006

Can. J. Plant Sci.

111

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Mason, H. E. and Spaner, D. 2006. Competitive ability of wheat in conventional and organic management systems: A review of the literature. Can. J. Plant Sci. 86: 333-343. Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is the world's most widely grown crop, cultivated in over 115 nations. Organic agriculture, a production system based on reducing external inputs in order to promote ecosystem health, can be defined as a system that prohibits the use of synthetic fertilizers, chemical pesticides and genetically modified organisms. Organic agriculture is increasing in popularity, with a 60% increase in the global acreage of organically managed land from the year 2000 to 2004. Constraints that may be associated with organic grain production include reduced yields due to soil nutrient deficiencies and competition from weeds. Global wheat breeding efforts over the past 50 yr have concentrated on improving yield and quality parameters; in Canada, disease resistance and grain quality have been major foci. Wheat varieties selected before the advent of chemical fertilizers and pesticides may perform differently in organic, low-input management systems than in conventional, high-input systems. Height, early-season growth, tillering capacity, and leaf area are plant traits that may confer competitive ability in wheat grown in organic systems. Wheat root characteristics may also affect competitive ability, especially in low-input systems, and more research in this area is needed. The identification of a competitive crop ideotype may assist wheat breeders in the development of competitive wheat varieties. Wheat varieties with superior performance in low-input systems, and/or increased competitive ability against weeds, could assist organic producers in overcoming some of the constraints associated with organic wheat production. Les contraintes associées à la production de céréales biologiques comprennent la baisse de rendement attribuable aux carences d'élé-ments nutritifs dans le sol et la concurrence des mauvaises herbes. Au cours des 90 dernières années, les efforts internationaux d'amélio-ration du blé se sont concentrés sur la hausse du rendement et les paramètres de qualité; au Canada, on s'est également beaucoup intéressé à la résistance aux maladies ainsi qu'à la qualité du grain. Cultivées de manière biologique, c'est-à-dire sans grand apport d'intrants, il se pourrait que les variétés de blé sélectionnées avant l'avènement des engrais et des pesticides chimiques donnent des résul-tats différents de ceux observés avec les systèmes agricoles usuels, nécessitant des intrants en abondance. La hauteur, la précocité, le tallage et la surface foliaire sont autant de caractéristiques susceptibles de conférer une plus grande compétitivité au blé dans les systèmes de production biologique. Les paramètres des racines pourraient aussi modifier la compétitivité, surtout lorsqu'on utilise peu d'intrants, et il faudrait intensifier les recherches dans ce domaine. L'identification d'un idéotype compétitif aiderait les phytogénéticiens à créer des cu...

show abstract

Section: Competitive Ability Of Wheat Competitive Ability In Plantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Competitive ability of wheat in conventional and organic management systems: A review of the literature

Mason¹,

Spaner²

2006

Can. J. Plant Sci.

111

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…In several studies, heritage cultivars resulted more competitive against weeds than modern cultivars because of higher plant height, biomass accumulation, tillering and soil cover (Korres and Froud-Williams, 2002;Mason et al, 2007;Hoad et al, 2012;Ruisi et al, 2015).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Grain yield and competitive ability against weeds in modern and heritage common wheat cultivars are differently influenced by sowing density

et al. 2017

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Sowing density can have a strong impact on crop stand development during wheat growing cycle. In organic and low-input agriculture, and therefore with minimum or nil use of chemical herbicides, increased sowing density is expected to affect not only grain yield but also weed suppression. In this study we tested, under Mediterranean conditions, six common wheat cultivars (three modern and three heritage) and two three-component mixtures (arranged by combining the three modern or the three heritage cultivars). The different crop stands were tested at sowing densities of 250 (low) and 400 (high, similar to standard sowing density used by local farmers) viable seeds m -2 for two growing seasons. We did not detect a significant effect of crop stand diversity (single cultivars vs mixtures) on grain yield and weed suppression. Differences were ascribed to type of cultivars used (heritage vs modern). Compared to high sowing density, in modern cultivars grain yield did not decrease significantly with low sowing density, whereas in heritage cultivars it increased by 15.6%, possibly also because of 21.5% lower plant lodging. Weed biomass increased with low sowing density both in heritage and modern cultivar crop stand types. However, heritage crop stands had, on average, a lower weed biomass (56%) than modern crop stands. Moreover, weed biomass in heritage crop stands at low density (6.82±1.50 g m -2 ) was lower than that of modern cultivars at the same sowing density (15.54±3.35 g m -2 ), confirming the higher suppressive potential of the former. We can conclude that lower sowing density can be advisable when using heritage crop stands as it keeps productivity while decreasing plant lodging and maintaining weeds under control.

show abstract

“…Time of sowing and density (Walter et al, 2002) of wheat is important for tillering, enough to suppress weed in spring season and reduce yield losses caused by late sowing, low temperature during winter and early spring time. Wheat density can influence the reduction of weed dry matter more than 60% (Lemerle et al, 1996) and reduction to weed structure (Korres & Froud-Williams, 2002). The application of herbicides do not influence the wheat density and wheat yield (Kristensen et al, 2008).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Wheat Yield and Weedness under Different Rate of Nitrogen Fertilization

Knežević

Marković

et al. 2013

AGR

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

In this study we tested yield and weediness in wheat cultivars Lazarica and Julija Mono grown under different regime of mineral nutrition. This investigation was conducted at the long term experiment on control variant (without fertilizers), second variant with nitrogen application (two sub variants with different rate of N) 2N 1 (80 kg N ha -1 ) and 2N 2 (120 kg N ha -1 ), third variant with NP fertilizer with two different rate of N application: 3N 1 (80 kg N ha -1 + 100kg P ha -1 ) and 3N 2 (120 kg N ha -1 + 100kg P ha -1 ) and fourth variant 4N 1 (80 kg N ha -1 + 60kg P ha -1 ) and 4N 2 (120 kg N ha -1 + 60kg P ha -1 ). Weediness varies in dependence of rate and variant of fertilization. The weed species Consolida regalis Gray, Convolvulus arvensis L., Polygonum aviculare L., Cirsium arvense L., Agropyrum repens L., Polygonum convolvulus L. was dominant on fertilized plots. The analyzed variability of grain yield depends of applied fertilizer variants. The lowest grain yield was found on control variant in both wheat cultivar Lazatica (1880kg ha -1 ), Julija Mono (1740kg ha -1 ) while the highest grain yield on variant 3N 2 (120 kg N ha -1 + 100kg P ha -1 ) Lazarica (3724kg ha -1 Julija Mono (4990kg ha -1 ) and low weediness.

show abstract

Effects of winter wheat cultivars and seed rate on the biological characteristics of naturally occurring weed flora

Cited by 97 publications

References 27 publications

Competitive ability of wheat in conventional and organic management systems: A review of the literature

Competitive ability of wheat in conventional and organic management systems: A review of the literature

Grain yield and competitive ability against weeds in modern and heritage common wheat cultivars are differently influenced by sowing density

Wheat Yield and Weedness under Different Rate of Nitrogen Fertilization

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About