Effects of waterborne nano-iron on medaka (Oryzias latipes): Antioxidant enzymatic activity, lipid peroxidation and histopathology

Abstract

a b s t r a c tToxicity tests were performed to investigate possible harmful effects on medaka exposed to nano-iron. Dose-dependent decreases of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and increases of malondialdehyde (MDA) were induced in the medaka embryo, suggesting that oxidative damage was induced by nano-iron. For adult medaka, the disturbance of antioxidative balance was observed during the early exposure period based on the monitoring of the hepatic and cerebral SOD and reduced glutathione (GSH). No terminal oxidative damage occurred during the whole exposure period, probably due to the high self-recovering capability of the adult fish. Some histopathological and morphological alterations (cell swelling, hyperplasia, and granulomas, etc.) were observed in gill and intestine tissues, which confirmed that deleterious effects occurred as a result of direct contact with nano-iron. It is suggested that further evaluation should be made concerning the risk assessment of waterborne nano-iron on aquatic life.

Toxicity effects of four typical nanomaterials on the growth of Escherichia coli, Bacillus subtilis and Agrobacterium tumefaciens

“…Due to its high reactive properties, it is most likely that Ag nanoparticles could adhere to the surface of bacteria, followed by reaction with peptidoglycan, then lead to the destruction of cell structure integrity and eventually to cell death (Pal et al 2007;Panacek et al 2006). Due to its highly effective ability to catalyze redox processes, nano-Fe has been widely applied in the degradation of halogenated organic compounds and other persistent toxic substances (Li et al 2009). Oxidative damage and the low cytotoxicity caused by nano-Fe have been reported (Zhou et al 2003;Li et al 2009;Song et al 2009).…”

“…Due to its highly effective ability to catalyze redox processes, nano-Fe has been widely applied in the degradation of halogenated organic compounds and other persistent toxic substances (Li et al 2009). Oxidative damage and the low cytotoxicity caused by nano-Fe have been reported (Zhou et al 2003;Li et al 2009;Song et al 2009). Regardless of the synthesis method or particle morphology, Fig.…”

“…Nano-Fe has been extensively studied to eliminate pollutants such as chlorinated organic compounds and metal ions (Zhang 2003;Varanasi et al 2007), and was not considered to be bio-compatible to organisms. It was reported that iron nanoparticles could cause oxidative damage in rats and medaka fish (Zhou et al 2003;Li et al 2009). Unique optical properties of gold nanoparticles enable nano-Au to be an effective material in the development of highly sensitive biosensors for DNA analysis, but few studies have reported its potential toxicity ).…”

Metals as a cause of oxidative stress in fish: a review

“…Lipid peroxidation and alterations in antioxidant enzyme activity in embryonic and adult medaka Oryzias latipes exposed to nano-iron was reported by Li et al (2009). Dose-dependent inhibition of SOD activity and increased production of malondialdehyde (MDA) was observed in medaka embryos.…”

Fish kill caused by aluminium and iron contamination in a natural pond used for fish rearing: a case report

“…Iron has been shown to induce oxidative stress (Sevcikova et al 2011). Li et al (2009) observed lipid peroxidation (LPO) and alterations in antioxidant enzyme activity in embryonic and adult medaka Oryzias latipes exposed to nano-iron. After an iron-enriched diet, LPO was observed in the liver and heart of the African catfish Clarias gariepinus (Baker et al 1997).…”