Effects of Water Fluoridation on Caries Experience in the Primary Dentition in a High Caries Risk Community in Queensland, Australia

Koh, Rongzhen; Pukallus, Margaret; Newman, Bruce; Foley, Michael Anthony; Walsh, L. J.; Seow, W.K.

doi:10.1159/000369864

Cited by 11 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 27 publications

(33 reference statements)

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“…The increased odds ratio observed in the Queensland children might be due to lack of fluoridation, as the LSAC birth cohort was born prior to the legislation of water fluoridation in Queensland in 2008 . Previous literature using time and state‐based comparisons, support water fluoridation as an effective measure of caries prevention in children . An increase in the extent and severity of caries experience has been observed in communities with difficulties accessing fluoridated water .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Community‐level predictors of Australian children’s dental caries and injury

Stormon

Ford

Lalloo

2019

Australian Dental Journal

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Background: Social determinants of oral health are complex and have been described by conceptual frameworks. A widely embraced model of children's oral health was published by Fisher-Owens et al. (2007), identifying theoretical constructs influencing oral health. The current study aimed to investigate community-level constructs described in the conceptual model. Methods: The Longitudinal Study of Australian Children is a cross-sequential dual cohort study, with a representative sample (n = 10090) of Australian children. Generalized estimating equations were applied to model seven waves of carer-reported oral health and community measures. Results: In the final model, children living in Queensland had a 1.48 (CI 1.35-1.62) increased odds of dental caries over time. Children in low socio-economic status (SES) areas (OR 1.32 CI 1.20-1.44) had an increased odds of caries. The state of Queensland (OR 1.24 CI 1.05-1.46) and poor neighbourhood liveability (OR 1.17 CI 1.05-1.31) were predictors of dental injury. Conclusion: By modelling available community measures, this study found SES and rurality were predictors of caries over childhood. Our results highlight the difficulty of applying conceptual models to oral health. The use of qualitative studies and realist reviews should be considered to complement statistical models to provide contextualized insights into funding, policy and service delivery on children's oral health.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Community‐level predictors of Australian children’s dental caries and injury

Stormon

Ford

Lalloo

2019

Australian Dental Journal

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“…The water fluoridation [Koh et al, 2015] and the widespread use of fluoride toothpaste [dos Santos et al, 2013] have produced major reductions in the prevalence and incidence of dental caries leading to significant improvements in children's oral health status over the past decades [Pitts et al, 2011].…”

confidence: 99%

Silver Diamine Fluoride Has Efficacy in Controlling Caries Progression in Primary Teeth: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Chibinski

Wambier²,

Feltrin³

et al. 2017

Caries Res

145

175

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A systematic review was performed to evaluate the efficacy of silver diamine fluoride (SDF) in controlling caries progression in children when compared with active treatments or placebos. A search for randomized clinical trials that evaluate the effectiveness of SDF for caries control in children compared to active treatments or placebos with follow-ups longer than 6 months was performed in PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, LILACS, BBO, Cochrane Library, and grey literature. The risk of bias tool from the Cochrane Collaboration was used for quality assessment of the studies. The quality of the evidence was evaluated using the GRADE approach. Meta-analysis was performed on studies considered at low risk of bias. A total of 5,980 articles were identified. Eleven remained in the qualitative synthesis. Five studies were at “low,” 2 at “unclear,” and 4 studies at “high” risk of bias in the key domains. The studies from which the information could be extracted were included for meta-analysis. The arrestment of caries at 12 months promoted by SDF was 66% higher (95% CI 41-91%; p < 0.00001) than by other active material, but it was 154% higher (95% CI 67-85%; p < 0.00001) than by placebos. Overall, the caries arrestment was 89% higher (95% CI 49-138%; p < 0.00001) than using active materials/placebo. No heterogeneity was detected. The evidence was graded as high quality. The use of SDF is 89% more effective in controlling/arresting caries than other treatments or placebos. The quality of the evidence was graded as high.

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“…Physical environment and the effectiveness of water fluoridation were a primary focus in community level influences. Overwhelming research using time and state‐based comparisons supports water fluoridation as an effective measure of caries prevention in children . Prior to 2008, the majority of Australia was fluoridated; however, Queensland remained largely un‐fluoridated, acting as a control for many studies .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Overwhelming research using time and state-based comparisons supports water fluoridation as an effective measure of caries prevention in children. 38,39 Prior to 2008, the majority of Australia was fluoridated;…”

Section: Community Levelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Children's oral health in Australia: The past decade's research agenda

Stormon

Kazantzis

Ford

et al. 2018

Comm Dent Oral Epid

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Objectives Research into dental diseases in children is no longer primarily focussed on biological and dietary factors, with social determinants an important influence. The aim of this study was to systematically review the focus of research on influences on children's oral health in Australia. Methods Relevant databases were searched for English language publications between 2008 and 2017. Included studies were original research articles with a focus on influences of oral health for Australian children. A thematic synthesis approach was adopted, and included studies were coded using the Fisher‐Owens et al (2007) framework which included child‐, family‐ and community level influences. Results A total of 252 studies were included in this review. The focus of the included studies was most frequently on child level influences (n = 200, 79.4%), followed by community level (n = 175, 69.4%) and family (n = 86, 38.1%)‐level influences. Overall, the highest proportion of included studies were on the child level influences of physical attributes (n = 86, 34.1%) and child maturing (n = 83, 32.9%). The influences with the least number of studies were social environment (n = 2, 0.8%), social support (n = 3, 1.2%) and physical safety on both a family and community levels (n = 3, 1.2% and n = 1, 0.4%, respectively). Discussion Monitoring child level influences of oral health has consistently occurred in national surveys and epidemiological studies. Family level influences are comparatively underinvestigated and should be a focus of future research in Australia. This study has helped to identify area gaps in the literature and can guide future studies.

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Effects of Water Fluoridation on Caries Experience in the Primary Dentition in a High Caries Risk Community in Queensland, Australia

Cited by 11 publications

References 27 publications

Community‐level predictors of Australian children’s dental caries and injury

Community‐level predictors of Australian children’s dental caries and injury

Silver Diamine Fluoride Has Efficacy in Controlling Caries Progression in Primary Teeth: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Children's oral health in Australia: The past decade's research agenda

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