Effects of volatile aldehydes from Aspergillus-resistant varieties of corn on Aspergillus parasiticus growth and aflatoxin biosynthesis

Wright, Maureen S.; Greene-McDowelle, Dana M; Zeringue, H. J.; Bhatnagar, Deepak; Cleveland, Thomas E.

doi:10.1016/s0041-0101(99)00221-4

Cited by 87 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…Signaling by gases is conserved in higher vertebrates (21). Directly relevant to our line of research, several cotton leaf volatiles, neem leaf volatiles, and volatile aldehydes were previously shown to produce effects on fungal growth (22) and aflatoxin biosynthesis (11,22,24,25,27).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

“…We focused attention on CA and EH because of their structural similarity to ethylene and hexanal, biologically active compounds with strong effects on fungi (15,17,22). To generate different concentrations of these volatiles in the headspace of a petri dish, microcentrifuge tubes containing different volumes (1 to 100 l) of these compounds were placed into large petri dishes as described in Materials and Methods.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In nature, the regulatory effects of these volatiles might require modification to the active derivative by cell metabolism, may result from combined actions of several biologically active molecules, and may depend on dose. For example, the biological effects of EH may be based on its structural similarity to hexanal; this compound inhibits growth (17) and aflatoxin production in aspergilli (22). Alternatively, hexanal could be metabolized to hexanol (17) and, possibly, to EH by these filamentous fungi.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Aspergillus Volatiles Regulate Aflatoxin Synthesis and Asexual Sporulation in Aspergillus parasiticus

Roze

Beaudry

Arthur

et al. 2007

Appl Environ Microbiol

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Aspergillus parasiticus is one primary source of aflatoxin contamination in economically important crops. To prevent the potential health and economic impacts of aflatoxin contamination, our goal is to develop practical strategies to reduce aflatoxin synthesis on susceptible crops. One focus is to identify biological and environmental factors that regulate aflatoxin synthesis and to manipulate these factors to control aflatoxin biosynthesis in the field or during crop storage. In the current study, we analyzed the effects of aspergillus volatiles on growth, development, aflatoxin biosynthesis, and promoter activity in the filamentous fungus A. parasiticus. When colonies of Aspergillus nidulans and A. parasiticus were incubated in the same growth chamber, we observed a significant reduction in aflatoxin synthesis and asexual sporulation by A. parasiticus. Analysis of the headspace gases demonstrated that A. nidulans produced much larger quantities of 2-buten-1-ol (CA) and 2-ethyl-1-hexanol (EH) than A. parasiticus. In its pure form, EH inhibited growth and increased aflatoxin accumulation in A. parasiticus at all doses tested; EH also stimulated aflatoxin transcript accumulation. In contrast, CA exerted dose-dependent up-regulatory or down-regulatory effects on aflatoxin accumulation, conidiation, and aflatoxin transcript accumulation. Experiments with reporter strains carrying nor-1 promoter deletions and mutations suggested that the differential effects of CA were mediated through separate regulatory regions in the nor-1 promoter. The potential efficacy of CA as a tool for analysis of transcriptional regulation of aflatoxin biosynthesis is discussed. We also identify a novel, rapid, and reliable method to assess norsolorinic acid accumulation in solid culture using a Chroma Meter CR-300 apparatus.Aflatoxins are environmental carcinogens and mutagens produced by several aspergilli. The entrance of these compounds into the food chain occurs through the contamination of economically important crops (corn, peanuts, tree nuts, dried fruits and vegetables, and medicinal herbs) predominantly by the aflatoxigenic fungi Aspergillus parasiticus and Aspergillus flavus (1, 9, 10).One goal of our laboratory is to identify biological and environmental factors that control aflatoxin synthesis in aspergillus; these factors could then be manipulated in the field or during crop storage to reduce aflatoxin contamination. Our laboratory recently focused on the identification of fungal volatiles that regulate aflatoxin synthesis; others have studied the correlation between the pattern of specific fungal volatiles and the ability to synthesize ochratoxin (12) or aflatoxin (26) in attempts to use these compounds to identify toxigenic isolates.We previously analyzed the effects of ethylene and CO 2 , gases produced naturally by A. parasiticus and Aspergillus nidulans in culture, on development and toxin synthesis (15); these filamentous fungi produce aflatoxin and sterigmatocystin, respectively. Sterigmatocystin is a carcinogenic late...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Aspergillus Volatiles Regulate Aflatoxin Synthesis and Asexual Sporulation in Aspergillus parasiticus

Roze

Beaudry

Arthur

et al. 2007

Appl Environ Microbiol

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“…Linoleic acid also supports aflatoxin production, whereas the hydroperoxylinoleic acid derivatives and downstream breakdown products are reported to inhibit (22,36,48,127) or stimulate (22,34,89) aflatoxin production. This differential effect on aflatoxin production might be associated with the placement of functional groups on the carbon backbone of fatty acid derivatives.…”

Section: Effects Of Host Seed Constituentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relationship between Secondary Metabolism and Fungal Development

Calvo

Wilson

Bok

et al. 2002

Microbiol Mol Biol Rev

932

652

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Filamentous fungi are unique organisms—rivaled only by actinomycetes and plants—in producing a wide range of natural products called secondary metabolites. These compounds are very diverse in structure and perform functions that are not always known. However, most secondary metabolites are produced after the fungus has completed its initial growth phase and is beginning a stage of development represented by the formation of spores. In this review, we describe secondary metabolites produced by fungi that act as sporogenic factors to influence fungal development, are required for spore viability, or are produced at a time in the life cycle that coincides with development. We describe environmental and genetic factors that can influence the production of secondary metabolites. In the case of the filamentous fungus Aspergillus nidulans, we review the only described work that genetically links the sporulation of this fungus to the production of the mycotoxin sterigmatocystin through a shared G-protein signaling pathway

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“…They found seven samples of maize grains contaminated with AFB 1 in the range of 1.86 to 58 ng/g. Previous reports indicate that certain volatile compounds produced by plants inhibit AF formation [12] . Plant lipoxygenase in maize and peanuts and its product, the 13(S)-hydroperoxide derivate, were also shown to interfere with AF formation [13] .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tane Mısır Örneklerinde Aflatoksin Düzeylerinin Yüksek Performanslı Likit Kromatografi-İmmunoafinite Kolon Yöntemi İle Belirlenmesi

Atmaca¹,

Güvenç²,

Aksoy³

2015

Kafkas Univ Vet Fak Derg

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The aim of this study was to determine aflatoxin contamination levels in maize grain produced in Samsun Province, Turkey. Forty samples of maize grain intended for animal feed in Samsun Province were analyzed. The amounts of the aflatoxins, B 1 , B 2 , G 1 and G 2 , were quantified with a liquid chromatography (HPLC-FLD) and post-column derivatization. Recoveries ranged between 89 and 98%. The detection limits were 0.007 and 0.02 ng/g and the corresponding quantification limits were 0.022 and 0.063 ng/g. As a result, it has been shown that the accurate and sensitive HPLC-FLD method was confirmed as being appropriate for the detection of AFs in maize grain, besides, the incidence of aflatoxins in maize was very low (2.5%). Keywords: Aflatoxin, Immunoaffinity column, High performance liquid chromatography, Maize Tane Mısır Örneklerinde Aflatoksin Düzeylerinin YüksekPerformanslı Likit Kromatografi-İmmunoafinite Kolon Yöntemi İle Belirlenmesi ÖzetBu çalışmada Samsun ilinde üretilen tane mısırlarda aflatoksin kontaminasyonunun araştırılması amaçlandı. Bu amaçla, Samsun ilinde hayvan yemi olarak kullanıma sunulan 40 adet tane mısır örneği analiz edildi. Aflatoksin B 1 , B 2 , G 1 ve G 2 düzeyleri kolon sonrası türevlendirmenin yapıldığı likit kromatografi (HPLC-FLD) sistemi ile ölçüldü. Aflatoksinlerin geri kazanım oranları %89-98, belirleme alt limitleri (LODs) 0.007-0.02 ng/g ve hesaplama alt limitleri (LOQs) 0.022-0.063 ng/g aralığında belirlendi. Sonuç olarak, tane mısırlarda aflatoksinlerin tespitine yönelik olarak uygulanan immunoafinite kolon temizleme ve kolon sonrası brom türevlendirmesini içeren doğruluk ve hassasiyeti yüksek HPLC-FLD metodunun, aflatoksinlerin tespitinde uygun bir yöntem olarak kullanılabileceği, bunun yanında, Samsun ilinden elde edilen tane mısır örneklerinde aflatoksinle kontaminasyon oranının düşük düzeyde (%2.5) olduğu ortaya konulmuştur.

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Effects of volatile aldehydes from Aspergillus-resistant varieties of corn on Aspergillus parasiticus growth and aflatoxin biosynthesis

Cited by 87 publications

References 18 publications

Aspergillus Volatiles Regulate Aflatoxin Synthesis and Asexual Sporulation in Aspergillus parasiticus

Aspergillus Volatiles Regulate Aflatoxin Synthesis and Asexual Sporulation in Aspergillus parasiticus

Relationship between Secondary Metabolism and Fungal Development

Tane Mısır Örneklerinde Aflatoksin Düzeylerinin Yüksek Performanslı Likit Kromatografi-İmmunoafinite Kolon Yöntemi İle Belirlenmesi

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