Effects of Vitamins E, A and D on MDA, GSH, NO Levels and SOD Activities in 5/6 Nephrectomized Rats

Kır, Hale Maral; Dillioğlugil, Meltem Özlen; Tugay, Melih; Eraldemır, Ceyla; Ozdoğan, Haci Kahya

doi:10.1159/000087825

Cited by 24 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 68 publications

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“…In one study, rats were nephrectomized and kidney failure was created, and vitamins A, D and E were given to different groups. Although tissue damage decreased in all groups, the least tissue damage was observed in the group given vitamin E. [12] In our study, the renal damage score of group E (Vit ADE) was found to be significantly lower than groups A, D and F. The lowest serum creatinine level was detected in group D (MMF+ADE). In NS, kidney injury is associated with the severity of proteinuria.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 42%

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Effects of Cyclosporin A, Mycophenolate Mofetile, Vitamin A, D, E and N-Acetyl Systein in Rats With Nephrotic Syndrome

Baysal

2023

EJMA

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N ephrotic syndrome (NS) is a disease characterized by intense proteinuria, hypoalbuminemia, hyperlipidemia, and edema findings resulting from impaired protein permeability of glomeruli. Focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS), renal histology that is more common in patients with steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome (SDNS), is a poor prognostic sign. The probability of response to the immunosuppressives used is low, and side effects are common. [1] Today, the use of complementary therapies is accepted in cas-es where there is no response to immunosuppressives. There is a need for new options that are effective and have no side effects in the treatment of NS. New immunosuppressives or new complementary therapies should be researched. [2] By using adriamycin on rats, an NS model with FSGS histology can be created. Adriamycin-induced NS pathogenesis includes apoptosis. Damage develops in the visceral epithelial cells of the glomeruli, resulting in severe proteinuria, glomerular sclerosis, and diffuse tubulointerstitial damage. [3,4] Objectives: Patients with steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome have a high risk of developing chronic renal failure. Cyclosporine A used in treatment is nephrotoxic. Data on the efficacy of mycophenolate mofetil used in the treatment are insufficient. New treatment options should be explored. Our research aims to investigate the effectiveness of cyclosporine A, mycophenolate mofetil, vitamin A, D, E, N-acetyl cysteine and their combinations in rats with nephrotic syndrome. Methods: The research was conducted with 48 adult male rats of the Wistar-albino. To induce nephrotic syndrome, two doses of adriamycin were administered to all rats 20 days apart. Serum creatinine, albumin, cholesterol, triglyceride, total oxidant status, total antioxidant status, protein in urine, creatinine, and creatinine clearance were analyzed in rats. Glomerulosclerosis index, total injury score, interstitial fibrosis score, TGF-and osteopontin analyzes were performed within the scope of the histopathological evaluation. Results: At the end of the study, the lowest 24-hour urine protein was found in group B (cyclosporin A + vit ACE), and the highest 24-hour urine protein in group C (mycophenolate mofetil). The highest serum creatinine, triglyceride, and cholesterol and the lowest serum albumin levels are in group A (cyclosporine A). The lowest serum creatine, triglyceride, and cholesterol and the highest serum albumin levels are in group D (mycophenolate mofetil + vit ADE). Conclusion: It has been observed that vitamin ACE added to cyclosporine A treatment reduces cyclosporine A nephrotoxicity, and vitamin ACE added to mycophenolate mofetil contributes positively to renal histopathological findings.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 42%

“…Doses and routes of administration of drugs were taken from reference studies in the literature. [10][11][12][13][14] The rats were fed with normal rat chow and tap water throughout the experiment, no water and feed restrictions were applied. Their weights were measured twice a week and their systolic blood pressure once a month.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Cyclosporin A, Mycophenolate Mofetile, Vitamin A, D, E and N-Acetyl Systein in Rats With Nephrotic Syndrome

Baysal

2023

EJMA

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“…It is reported that glutathione levels are reduced in erythrocytes or plasma of CKD patients [ 22 , 23 ], especially in diabetic kidney disease patients [ 24 – 26 ], compared with healthy controls. Furthermore, lower glutathione levels have also been reported in kidney tissue of a CKD animal model [ 27 – 29 ]. Although contradictory results have been shown, i.e.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phenyl sulfate, indoxyl sulfate and p-cresyl sulfate decrease glutathione level to render cells vulnerable to oxidative stress in renal tubular cells

2018

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In chronic kidney disease patients, oxidative stress is generally associated with disease progression and pathogenesis of its comorbidities. Phenyl sulfate is a protein-bound uremic solute, which accumulates in chronic kidney disease patients, but little is known about its nature. Although many reports revealed that protein-bound uremic solutes induce reactive oxygen species production, the effects of these solutes on anti-oxidant level have not been well studied. Therefore, we examined the effects of protein-bound uremic solutes on glutathione levels. As a result, indoxyl sulfate, phenyl sulfate, and p-cresyl sulfate decreased glutathione levels in porcine renal tubular cells. Next we examined whether phenyl sulfate-treated cells becomes vulnerable to oxidative stress. In phenyl sulfate-treated cells, hydrogen peroxide induced higher rates of cell death than in control cells. Buthionine sulfoximine, which is known to decrease glutathione level, well mimicked the effect of phenyl sulfate. Finally, we evaluated a mixture of indoxyl sulfate, phenyl sulfate, and p-cresyl sulfate at concentrations comparable to the serum concentrations of hemodialysis patients, and we confirmed its decreasing effect on glutathione level. In conclusion, indoxyl sulfate, phenyl sulfate, and p-cresyl sulfate decrease glutathione levels, rendering the cells vulnerable to oxidative stress.

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“…Chu et al described a link between increased oxidative stress, measured by PCO of plasma and acute phase inflammation in severe hypoalbuminemic hemodialysis patients ( 23 ). Kir et al documented no significant change in plasma SOD levels before and after HD, but total lipid peroxide levels were increased after HD ( 32 ). On the other hand, Usberti et al observed that a dialysis session increased plasma MDA, 4-hydroxynonenal and diminished plasma thiols ( 31 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of Plasma Oxidative Biomarkers and Conformational Modifications of Hemoglobin in Patients With Diabetes on Hemodialysis

Ansarihadipour¹,

Dorostkar²

2014

Iran Red Crescent Med J

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Background:Diabetes is associated with an increased generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which plays an important role in the development of oxidative stress and anemia.Objectives:The main purpose of this study was to investigate whether patients with diabetes undergoing hemodialysis (HD) were susceptible to oxidative stress and whether resulting damages affect the structure of hemoglobin (Hb) and plasma proteins.Patients and Methods:Twenty patients with diabetes undergoing HD, 20 patients with diabetes and normal renal function, and 20 age- and sex-matched healthy subjects were included in this study. Methaemoglobin (Met-Hb), hemichrome and conformational changes of Hb were analyzed as oxidative markers in erythrocytes. Ferric reducing ability of plasma (FRAP) and protein carbonyl content (PCO) were determined as plasma oxidative biomarkers. Also triglyceride, cholesterol, albumin, blood urea nitrogen (BUN), creatinine, glucose and uric acid were assayed as biochemical parameters of plasma.Results:Patients with diabetes undergoing hemodialysis had significantly lower levels of PCO and albumin (P < 0.05), but significantly higher levels of FRAP, BUN, creatinine and uric acid (P < 0.05) as compared to patients with diabetes and normal renal function. Linear regression analysis showed significant negative correlations between PCO and FRAP (r = -0.53), oxy-Hb (r = -0.88) and Hb absorbance at 340 nm (r = -0.79), 420 nm (r = -0.85) and 577 nm (r = -0.68) in patients with diabetes undergoing hemodialysis. Also PCO was significantly and positively correlated with Hb absorbance at 275 nm (r = 0.63) and 560 nm (r = 0.61) which confirmed the oxidative damage to erythrocytes in control subjects.Conclusions:Hemodialysis exacerbates oxidative stress and conformational changes of Hb in patients with diabetes on hemodialysis. The FRAP value can be used as a positive determinant, while PCO and Hb derivatives can be used as negative determinants of oxidative stress in patients with diabetes.

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Effects of Vitamins E, A and D on MDA, GSH, NO Levels and SOD Activities in 5/6 Nephrectomized Rats

Cited by 24 publications

References 68 publications

Effects of Cyclosporin A, Mycophenolate Mofetile, Vitamin A, D, E and N-Acetyl Systein in Rats With Nephrotic Syndrome

Effects of Cyclosporin A, Mycophenolate Mofetile, Vitamin A, D, E and N-Acetyl Systein in Rats With Nephrotic Syndrome

Phenyl sulfate, indoxyl sulfate and p-cresyl sulfate decrease glutathione level to render cells vulnerable to oxidative stress in renal tubular cells

Comparison of Plasma Oxidative Biomarkers and Conformational Modifications of Hemoglobin in Patients With Diabetes on Hemodialysis

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