Effects of Vitamin D3 Supplementation and Resistance Training on 25-Hydroxyvitamin D Status and Functional Performance of Older Adults: A Randomized Placebo-Controlled Trial

Aschauer, Rudolf; Unterberger, Sandra; Zöhrer, Patrick A.; Draxler, Agnes; Franzke, Bernhard; Strasser, Eva-Maria; Wagner, Karl‐Heinz; Wessner, Barbara

doi:10.3390/nu14010086

Cited by 18 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 61 publications

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“…Detailed seasonal information was provided in Aschauer's study (from mid-February to mid-July) [78], Sun's study (from March to July) [77], and Agergaard's study (from November to December) [79]. We found a clear seasonal trend in mean serum 25(OH)D concentrations, suggesting that the change in 25(OH)D concentrations induced by resistance training may have been caused by large seasonal fluctuations [77,78].…”

Section: Human Studiesmentioning

confidence: 69%

“…Resistance exercise training significantly increased circulating 25(OH)D levels in vitamin D-deficient post-stroke hemiplegia patients [75] and healthy participants [76]. Conversely, resistance exercise training had no effect on 25(OH)D lev-els in healthy vitamin D-deficient young men [77] and older adults without vitamin D supplementation [78]. However, Agergaard et al found that resistance exercise training significantly reduced serum 25(OH)D levels in young and elderly participants without vitamin D supplementation [79].…”

Section: Human Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In Bass's study, there was a lack of control groups and seasonal information; hence, it is unclear whether the increase in serum 25(OH)D levels is due to resistance training or seasonal factors [76]. Detailed seasonal information was provided in Aschauer's study (from mid-February to mid-July) [78], Sun's study (from March to July) [77], and Agergaard's study (from November to December) [79]. We found a clear seasonal trend in mean serum 25(OH)D concentrations, suggesting that the change in 25(OH)D concentrations induced by resistance training may have been caused by large seasonal fluctuations [77,78].…”

Section: Human Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Exercise: A Possibly Effective Way to Improve Vitamin D Nutritional Status

Zhang

Cao

2022

Nutrients

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Vitamin D deficiency has become a widespread public health problem owing to its potential adverse health effects. Generally, the nutritional status of vitamin D depends on sunlight exposure and dietary or supplementary intake. However, recent studies have found that exercise can influence circulating 25(OH)D levels; although, the results have been inconclusive. In this review, we focused on the effect of exercise on circulating vitamin D metabolites and their possible mechanisms. We found that endurance exercise can significantly increase serum 25(OH)D levels in vitamin D-deficient people but has no significant effect on vitamin D-sufficient people. This benefit has not been observed with resistance training. Only chronic endurance exercise training can significantly increase serum 1,25(OH)2D, and the effect may be sex-dependent. Exercise may influence 25(OH)D levels in the circulation by regulating either the vitamin D metabolites stored in tissues or the utilization by target tissues. The effects of exercise on 25(OH)D levels in the circulation may be dependent on many factors, such as the vitamin D nutritional status, exercise type and intensity, and sex. Therefore, further research on the effects and mechanisms of exercise on vitamin D metabolites is required.

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Section: Human Studiesmentioning

confidence: 69%

Section: Human Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Human Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Exercise: A Possibly Effective Way to Improve Vitamin D Nutritional Status

Zhang

Cao

2022

Nutrients

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“…Sarcopenia and impaired muscle strength have also been related to vitamin D deficiency [ 77 , 78 ]. On the other hand, vitamin D supplementation has been associated with improved aerobic and anaerobic capacity of healthy subjects [ 79 ], even though other studies did not observe improvements in muscular performance [ 80 , 81 ], suggesting that the impact of vitamin D supplements on exercise or sport performance has yet to be clarified.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Efficacy of Vitamin D Supplementation in the Treatment of Fibromyalgia Syndrome and Chronic Musculoskeletal Pain

Lombardo¹,

Feraco

Ottaviani³

et al. 2022

Nutrients

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Fibromyalgia syndrome (FMS) and chronic widespread musculoskeletal pain (CMP) are diffuse suffering syndromes that interfere with normal activities. Controversy exists over the role of vitamin D in the treatment of these diseases. We carried out a systematic literature review of randomized controlled trials (RCT) to establish whether vitamin D (25OHD) deficiency is more prevalent in CMP patients and to assess the effects of vitamin D supplementation in pain management in these individuals. We searched PubMed, Physiotherapy Evidence Database (PEDro), and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL) for RCTs published in English from 1 January 1990 to 10 July 2022. A total of 434 studies were accessed, of which 14 satisfied the eligibility criteria. In our review three studies, of which two had the best-quality evidence, a correlation between diffuse muscle pain and 25OHD deficiency was confirmed. Six studies, of which four had the best-quality evidence, demonstrated that appropriate supplementation may have beneficial effects in patients with established blood 25OHD deficiency. Eight studies, of which six had the best-quality evidence, demonstrated that 25OHD supplementation results in pain reduction. Our results suggest a possible role of vitamin D supplementation in alleviating the pain associated with FMS and CMP, especially in vitamin D-deficient individuals.

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“…Our findings are also similar to those of Savolainen et al described earlier [ 13 ] and another recent study by Molmen et al [ 67 ], who reported that vitamin D supplementation had no effect on resistance training-induced changes in muscle strength, mass and performance in older adults. Other recent exercise and vitamin D trials have also reported no additive effects of vitamin D supplementation on aerobic capacity when combined with aerobic [ 68 ] or resistance exercise [ 69 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vitamin D supplementation and exercise for improving physical function, body composition and metabolic health in overweight or obese older adults with vitamin D deficiency: a pilot randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial

et al. 2022

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Purpose Vitamin D supplementation may have non-skeletal health benefits and enhance exercise responsiveness, particularly in those with low vitamin D levels. We determined whether, compared with placebo, vitamin D supplementation taken prior to and during a 12-week exercise program improves physical function, body composition or metabolic health, in overweight and obese older adults with vitamin D deficiency. Methods Fifty overweight or obese older adults (mean ± SD age: 60 ± 6 years; BMI 30.6 ± 5.7 kg/m2) with vitamin D deficiency (25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] < 50 nmol/L) were recruited. Participants were randomly allocated to receive either vitamin D3 (4000 IU/day) or matching placebo for 24 weeks. Between weeks 12 and 24, all participants completed multi-modal exercise three days per week while continuing with vitamin D/placebo. Mean changes in physical function (primary outcome: gait speed), body composition and biochemical parameters at weeks 12 and 24 were compared between groups. Results Vitamin D supplementation, with or without exercise, had no effect on gait speed. From baseline to week 12, vitamin D supplementation increased serum 25(OH)D levels (placebo: 2.5 ± 14.7 nmol/L; treatment: 43.4 ± 18.4 nmol/L; P < 0.001) and reduced stair climb times (placebo: 0.3 ± 1.0 s; treatment: − 0.2 ± 1.0 s; P = 0.046). From 12 to 24 weeks, vitamin D supplementation combined with exercise decreased waist circumference (placebo: 1.3 ± 7.3 cm; treatment: − 3.0 ± 6.1 cm; P = 0.02) and waist-to-hip ratio (placebo: 0.01 ± 0.05; treatment: − 0.03 ± 0.05; P = 0.01) relative to placebo. Vitamin D supplementation, with or without exercise, had no effect on other physical function, body composition or metabolic health outcomes. Conclusion Vitamin D supplementation had no effect on most physical function, body composition or metabolic health parameters when taken alone, or during exercise, in overweight or obese older adults with vitamin D deficiency. Vitamin D-related improvements in stair climb times and waist circumference suggest that future trials should explore the effects of vitamin D on muscle power, and its effects on body composition when combined with exercise, in populations with moderate or severe vitamin D deficiency.

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Effects of Vitamin D3 Supplementation and Resistance Training on 25-Hydroxyvitamin D Status and Functional Performance of Older Adults: A Randomized Placebo-Controlled Trial

Cited by 18 publications

References 61 publications

Exercise: A Possibly Effective Way to Improve Vitamin D Nutritional Status

Exercise: A Possibly Effective Way to Improve Vitamin D Nutritional Status

The Efficacy of Vitamin D Supplementation in the Treatment of Fibromyalgia Syndrome and Chronic Musculoskeletal Pain

Vitamin D supplementation and exercise for improving physical function, body composition and metabolic health in overweight or obese older adults with vitamin D deficiency: a pilot randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial

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