Effects of vitamin A deficiency during pregnancy on maternal and child health

Radhika, M S; Bhaskaram, P.; Balakrishna, N.; Ramalakshmi, B. A.; Devi, S. Prasanna; Kumar, Bhoj

doi:10.1111/j.1471-0528.2002.01010.x

Cited by 70 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…Because maternal tissues are progressively depleted of vitamin A to supply fetal demands [14], women who initially possess marginal or even adequate vitamin A stores at the beginning of pregnancy are at an increased risk of vitamin A inadequacy as pregnancy progresses. Radhika et al found a significantly increased risk of spontaneous preterm delivery, maternal anemia, and pregnancy-induced hypertension when retinol levels were below 0.70 µmol/L, and based on those functional effects recommend a level of 0.70 µmol/L to define vitamin A deficiency in pregnancy [3]. Measurements of vitamin A concentrations in breast milk, maternal serum vitamin A concentration, and maternal dietary intake suggest that a maternal concentration of ≥1.05 µmol/L is necessary in order to maintain a sufficient vitamin A content in breast milk [26].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Adequate vitamin A status in the mother is critical for fetal growth, morphogenesis, and maturation of multiple organ systems, including the immune system, lungs, and eyes [1,2]. Maternal vitamin A deficiency increases the risk of complications during pregnancy and in the postpartum period and has been positively associated with preterm delivery [3], maternal infections, night blindness, anemia [4], and birth defects [5]. Maternal vitamin A deficiency also has serious repercussions for the newborn and is associated with depressed immune function and higher morbidity and mortality due to infections [1], low birth weight [6], diaphragmatic hernia [7], bronchopulmonary dysplasia and other respiratory disease [8,9,10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Serum Retinol Concentrations, Race, and Socioeconomic Status in of Women of Childbearing Age in the United States

et al. 2016

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Background: Vitamin A is an essential nutrient during pregnancy and throughout the lifecycle due to its role in the development of critical organ systems. Because maternal tissue is progressively depleted of vitamin A to supply fetal demands, women who become pregnant while possessing marginal vitamin A reserves are at increased risk of vitamin A inadequacy as pregnancy progresses. Few studies have assessed the relationship between socioeconomic factors and retinol status in women of childbearing age. Methods: We used the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) to assess the relationship between serum retinol concentrations and socioeconomic factors in women of childbearing age. Women 14–45 years of age (n = 3170) from NHANES cycles 2003–2004 and 2005–2006 were included. Serum retinol concentrations were divided into categories according to World Health Organization criteria. All statistical procedures accounted for the weighted data and complex design of the NHANES sample. A p-value of < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: The poverty score and race were significantly associated with vitamin A status after adjustment for confounders. Odds of retinol concentrations of <1.05 µmol/L were 1.85 times higher for those of lower socioeconomic status when compared to those of higher status (95% CI: 1.12–3.03, p = 0.02), and 3.1 times higher for non-Hispanic blacks when compared to non-Hispanic whites (95% CI: 1.50–6.41, p = 0.002). Dietary intakes of retinol activity equivalents were significantly lower in groups with higher poverty scores (p = 0.004). Conclusion There appear to be disparities in serum vitamin A levels in women of childbearing age related to income and race in the United States.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Serum Retinol Concentrations, Race, and Socioeconomic Status in of Women of Childbearing Age in the United States

et al. 2016

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“…Previous studies have shown that excess or lack of RA during early embryogenesis causes malformations [51,52], through mispatterning of the embryonic tissue layers and the anterior-posterior body axis. Several RAR knockout mice have been created [53].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Role for All-Trans-Retinoic Acid in the Early Steps of Lymphatic Vasculature Development

et al. 2010

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The molecular mechanisms that regulate the earliest steps of lymphatic vascular system development are unknown. To identify regulators of lymphatic competence and commitment, we used an in vitro vascular assay with mouse embryonic stem cell-derived embryoid bodies (EBs). We found that incubation with retinoic acid (RA) and, more potently, with RA in combination with cAMP, induced the expression of the lymphatic competence marker LYVE-1 in the vascular structures of the EBs. This effect was dependent on RA receptor (RAR)-α and protein kinase A signaling. RA-cAMP incubation also promoted the development of CD31+/LYVE-1+/Prox1+ cell clusters. In situ studies revealed that RAR-α is expressed by endothelial cells of the cardinal vein in ED 9.5–11.5 mouse embryos. Timed exposure of mouse and Xenopus embryos to excess of RA upregulated LYVE-1 and VEGFR-3 on embryonic veins and increased formation of Prox1-positive lymphatic progenitors. These findings indicate that RA signaling mediates the earliest steps of lymphatic vasculature development.

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“…In Bangladesh, more than half of women out of 200 have a low rate of retinol, and 18.5% of them are deficient in Vitamin A [8]. In India, Radhika et al found that 27% of women have Vitamin A deficiency in a population of 736 pregnant women [11]. In Egypt, in a study of a population of 80 mother-child pairs, 20% of mothers had Vitamin A deficiency and a significant difference between mean retinol of newborns from deficient mothers and those from non-deficient mothers [12].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vitamin A Status in the Mother-Child Couple at the University Teaching Hospital of Angondje in Gabon

Kamgaing¹,

Rogombé²,

Igondjo³

et al. 2018

OJPed

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Introduction: Vitamin A deficiency is responsible for severe disorders, and sometimes irreversible consequences in children. We aimed to evaluate the Vitamin A status of newborns in Gabon. Method: prospective study from August to December 2017 at the maternity of the University Teaching Hospital of Angondje (Gabon). We included at random mother-child pairs. A nutritional inquiry on Vitamin A was ran in the selected parturient. We performed the measurement of serum retinol booth in mother and child according to standardized and strict criteria, in Gabon and in France. World Health Organization defines Vitamin A deficiency by serum retinol < 0.7 µmol/L. Results: We included 75 mother-child couples. The mean age of the mothers was 25.7 ± 7 years, 89.3% of neonates were an age gestational ≥ 36 weeks, and 10.7% were premature. Mango was the most commonly used source of Vitamin A and 27% of women consumed more than 3 times a week. The prevalence of Vitamin A deficiency is quite important in neonates of our investigation, and justifies a systematic supplementation.

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Effects of vitamin A deficiency during pregnancy on maternal and child health

Abstract: The study suggests that subclinical vitamin A deficiency is a problem during the third trimester of pregnancy. Serum concentration of retinol <20 microg/dL appears to indicate a deficient status, and is associated with an increased risk of preterm delivery and maternal anaemia.

Cited by 70 publications

References 17 publications

Serum Retinol Concentrations, Race, and Socioeconomic Status in of Women of Childbearing Age in the United States

Serum Retinol Concentrations, Race, and Socioeconomic Status in of Women of Childbearing Age in the United States

A Role for All-Trans-Retinoic Acid in the Early Steps of Lymphatic Vasculature Development

Vitamin A Status in the Mother-Child Couple at the University Teaching Hospital of Angondje in Gabon

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