Effects of visual span on Chinese reading performance in normal peripheral vision

Lyu, A.; Silva, A.E.; Cheung, Sing Hang; Thompson, Benjamin; Abel, Larry A; Cheong, Allen M. Y.

doi:10.1016/j.visres.2022.108119

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 41 publications

(77 reference statements)

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“…These studies suggest that a-tDCS may have a greater impact on alleviating between-character crowding than within-character crowding, thus enhancing character recognition and peripheral reading performance. To further explore the effects of a-tDCS on Chinese reading, future studies should consider presenting multiple Chinese characters simultaneously [e.g., recognizing the central character within a trigram ( Lyu et al, 2022 )] to investigate the effect of a-tDCS on internal vs. external crowding in peripheral vision. In addition, only a single session of a-tDCS was adopted in the current study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Reading speed is slower when using peripheral vision compared with central vision ( Chung et al, 1998 ; Chung, 2002 ; Yu et al, 2006 ), possibly due to reduced spatial resolution ( Masland, 2017 ), poorer eye movement control ( Whittaker et al, 1991 ; Bethlehem et al, 2014 ), restricted visual span ( Legge et al, 2001 ), and susceptibility to crowding ( Chung, 2002 , 2004 ). Although few studies have investigated the factors affecting Chinese reading performance in peripheral vision ( Zhang et al, 2009 ), our recent findings reveal systematic impairments in peripheral Chinese reading, including slower temporal processing speeds and reduced spatial visual spans ( Lyu et al, 2022 ). Understanding the peripheral reading performance in readers with normal vision may help generate better rehabilitation solutions for the low-vision community.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Visual cortex anodal transcranial direct current stimulation does not alter reading performance for Chinese presented character-by-character to normal peripheral vision in older adults

Lyu,

Silva,

Thompson

et al. 2024

Front. Neurosci.

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Visual cortex anodal transcranial direct current stimulation (a-tDCS) has been shown to reduce crowding in normal peripheral vision and may improve the reading of English words in patients with macular degeneration. Given the different visual requirements of reading English words and Chinese characters, the effect of a-tDCS on peripheral reading performance in English might differ from Chinese. This study recruited 20 participants (59–73 years of age) with normal vision and tested the hypothesis that a-tDCS would improve the reading of Chinese characters presented at 10° eccentricity compared with sham stimulation. Chinese sentences of different print sizes and exposure durations were presented one character at a time, 10° below or to the left of fixation. The individual critical print size (CPS) – the smallest print size eliciting the maximum reading speed (MRS) – was determined. Reading accuracies for characters presented 0.2 logMAR smaller than the individually fitted CPS were measured at four time points: before, during, 5 min after, and 30 min after receiving active or sham visual cortex a-tDCS. Participants completed both the active and sham sessions in a random order following a double-blind, within-subject design. No effect of active a-tDCS on reading accuracy was observed, implying that a single session of a-tDCS did not improve Chinese character reading in normal peripheral vision. This may suggest that a-tDCS does not significantly reduce the crowding elicited within a single Chinese character. However, the effect of a-tDCS on between-character crowding is yet to be determined.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Visual cortex anodal transcranial direct current stimulation does not alter reading performance for Chinese presented character-by-character to normal peripheral vision in older adults

Lyu,

Silva,

Thompson

et al. 2024

Front. Neurosci.

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“…Reading speed is faster when using central vision compared with peripheral vision [1][2][3] , possibly due to reduced spatial resolution 4 , poorer eye movement control 5,6 , restricted visual span 7 , and susceptibility to crowding 1,8 . Though few studies have investigated the factors affecting Chinese reading performance using peripheral vision, our recent findings have revealed systematic impairments in peripheral Chinese reading, including slower temporal processing speeds and reduced spatial visual spans 9 . Understanding the peripheral reading performance in readers with normal vision may help generate better rehabilitation solutions for the low-vision community.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Visual cortex anodal tDCS does not alter reading performance for Chinese presented character-by-character to normal peripheral vision

Lyu,

Silva,

Thompson

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Visual cortex transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) reduces crowding in normal peripheral vision and may improve reading of English words in patients with macular degeneration. Given the different visual requirements of reading English words and Chinese characters, the effect of tDCS on peripheral reading performance in English might be different from Chinese. This study recruited seventeen participants (59 to 73 years of age) with normal vision and tested the hypothesis that anodal tDCS would improve reading of Chinese characters presented at 10° eccentricity compared with sham stimulation. Chinese sentences of different print sizes and exposure durations were presented one character at a time 10° below or to the left of fixation, and the individual critical print size (CPS) - the smallest print size eliciting the maximum reading speed (MRS) was determined. Reading accuracies for characters presented 0.2 logMAR smaller than the CPS were measured before, during, 5 mins, and 30 mins after receiving active or sham anodal visual cortex tDCS. Participants completed both the active and sham sessions in a random order following a double-blind, within-subject design. No effect of active anodal-tDCS on reading accuracy was observed, implying that a single session of tDCS did not improve Chinese character reading in normal peripheral vision. This may suggest that tDCS does not significantly reduce the crowding elicited within a single Chinese character. However, the effect of tDCS on between-character crowding is yet to be determined.

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A perceptual field test in object experts using gaze-contingent eye tracking

Hagen

Vuong

Jung

et al. 2023

Sci Rep

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A hallmark of expert object recognition is rapid and accurate subordinate-category recognition of visually homogenous objects. However, the perceptual strategies by which expert recognition is achieved is less known. The current study investigated whether visual expertise changes observers’ perceptual field (e.g., their ability to use information away from fixation for recognition) for objects in their domain of expertise, using a gaze-contingent eye-tracking paradigm. In the current study, bird experts and novices were presented with two bird images sequentially, and their task was to determine whether the two images were of the same species (e.g., two different song sparrows) or different species (e.g., song sparrow and chipping sparrow). The first study bird image was presented in full view. The second test bird image was presented fully visible (full-view), restricted to a circular window centered on gaze position (central-view), or restricted to image regions beyond a circular mask centered on gaze position (peripheral-view). While experts and novices did not differ in their eye-movement behavior, experts’ performance on the discrimination task for the fastest responses was less impaired than novices in the peripheral-view condition. Thus, the experts used peripheral information to a greater extent than novices, indicating that the experts have a wider perceptual field to support their speeded subordinate recognition.

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Effects of visual span on Chinese reading performance in normal peripheral vision

Cited by 3 publications

References 41 publications

Visual cortex anodal transcranial direct current stimulation does not alter reading performance for Chinese presented character-by-character to normal peripheral vision in older adults

Visual cortex anodal transcranial direct current stimulation does not alter reading performance for Chinese presented character-by-character to normal peripheral vision in older adults

Visual cortex anodal tDCS does not alter reading performance for Chinese presented character-by-character to normal peripheral vision

A perceptual field test in object experts using gaze-contingent eye tracking

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