Effects of Visual Similarity on Serial Report and Item Recognition

Avons, S. E.; Mason, Andrea

doi:10.1080/027249899391296

Cited by 34 publications

(44 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…Furthermore, when participants were presented with a sequence of hard-to-name visual stimuli (such as a series of unfamiliar faces or visuo-spatial matrices) and were then re-presented with all the stimuli at different positions on the screen, participants showed bowed serial position curves in their ability to select the items in the order in which they had been presented (the reconstruction of order task, Avons, 1998;Avons & Mason, 1999). Smyth, Hay, Hitch & Horton (2005) confirmed the presence of bowed serial position curves with non-verbal face stimuli, and showed that this pattern of performance was not removed by AS.…”

Section: The Immediate Memory Of Non-verbal Itemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

First things first: Similar list length and output order effects for verbal and nonverbal stimuli.

Cortis¹,

Dent²,

Kennett³

et al. 2015

Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cogni

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When participants are presented with a short list of unrelated words and they are instructed that they may recall in any order, they nevertheless show a very strong tendency to recall in forward serial order. Thus, if asked to recall in any order: "hat, mouse, tea, stairs", participants often respond "hat, mouse, tea, stairs" even though there was no forward order requirement of the task. In four experiments, we examined whether this tendency is language-specific, reflecting mechanisms involved with speech perception, speech production, and / or verbal short-term memory.Specifically, we examined whether we would observe similar findings when participants were asked to recall, in any order, lists of between 1 and 15 non-verbal stimuli, such as visuo-spatial locations (Experiment 1, Experiment 3, Experiment 4), or touched facial locations (Experiment 2).Contrary to a language-specific explanation, we found corresponding tendencies (albeit somewhat reduced) in the immediate free recall of these non-verbal stimuli. We conclude that the tendency to initiate recall of a short sequence of items with the first item is a general property of memory, which may be augmented by verbal coding. wordsKeywords: free recall; visuo-spatial memory; tactile memory; verbal short-term memory; serial order 3 Recently, Ward, Tan, and Grenfell-Essam (2010) reported the first systematic investigation into an experimental finding that was first reported by Corballis (1967) and then again by Neath and Crowder (1996). When participants are asked to recall a short list of words in any order, such as:"hat, mouse, tea, stairs", they often respond in forward serial order (that is, they recall "hat, mouse, tea, stairs"), even though there was no forward order requirement of the task. Ward et al. argued that this finding was important for two reasons. First, the finding encouraged greater theoretical integration between the otherwise divergent immediate free recall (IFR) and immediate serial recall (ISR) literatures. Second, the finding is potentially difficult to explain by many theories of IFR that emphasize the importance of explaining recency effects (that is, the high accessibility of items presented toward the end of a list). Third, the finding adds to the growing body of evidence that suggests that forward-ordered recall may be a defining principle of episodic memory (e.g., Hurlstone, Baddeley, & Hitch, 2014).One specific aim of the current work is to address the question of whether this forwardordered tendency observed in the IFR of verbal stimuli reflects the operation of language-specific mechanisms (such as a speech input/output buffer or a verbal short-term memory system) or whether the tendency is a more general property of memory that can also be observed across different (non-verbal) materials. A second more general aim of the current work is to examine the functional similarities and differences between IFR of stimuli from verbal and non-verbal domains.In the introduction that follows, we outline more fully the phenomenon ...

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Section: The Immediate Memory Of Non-verbal Itemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

First things first: Similar list length and output order effects for verbal and nonverbal stimuli.

Cortis¹,

Dent²,

Kennett³

et al. 2015

Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cogni

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Participants were asked to look at a series of picture cards, presented one at a time, and to point to the same pictures in the same order on the response board. The importance of serial order report has been documented by a number of researchers (Avons, 1998;Avons & Mason, 1999;Avons, Ward & Melling, 2004).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phonological, visual, and semantic coding strategies and children's short-term picture memory span

Henry

Messer

Luger-Klein

et al. 2012

Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology

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. Phonological, visual and semantic coding strategies in short-term picture memory span: How do they develop?. Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology, 65(10), pp. 2033Psychology, 65(10), pp. -2053Psychology, 65(10), pp. . doi: 10.1080Psychology, 65(10), pp. /17470218.2012 This is the accepted version of the paper.This version of the publication may differ from the final published version. Permanent

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“…However, there have also been some findings indicating visual similarity effects in serial and free recall (Avons & Mason, 1999;Hue & Erickson, 1988;Logie, Della Sala, Wynn, & Baddeley, 2000;Smyth, Hay, Hitch & Horton, 2003;Walker, Hitch, & Duroe, 1993) indicative of at least some involvement of a visual memory system in these tasks.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Repetition learning in the immediate serial recall of visual and auditory materials.

Page¹,

Cumming²,

Norris³

et al. 2006

Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cogni

113

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In five experiments a Hebb repetition effect, that is, improved immediate serial recall of an (unannounced) repeating list, was demonstrated in the immediate serial recall of visual materials, even when use of phonological STM was blocked by concurrent articulation. The learning of a repeatedly presented letter-list in one modality (auditory or visual) did not transfer to give improved performance on the same list in the other modality. This result was not replicated for word lists, however, for which asymmetric transfer was observed.Inferences are made about the structure of short-term memory and about the nature of the Hebb repetition effect.

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Effects of Visual Similarity on Serial Report and Item Recognition

Cited by 34 publications

References 51 publications

First things first: Similar list length and output order effects for verbal and nonverbal stimuli.

First things first: Similar list length and output order effects for verbal and nonverbal stimuli.

Phonological, visual, and semantic coding strategies and children's short-term picture memory span

Repetition learning in the immediate serial recall of visual and auditory materials.

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