Effects of Visual and Support Surface Orientation References Upon Postural Control in Vestibular Deficient Subjects

Fo, Black; Wall, Conrad; Lm, Nashner

doi:10.3109/00016488309130936

Cited by 166 publications

(61 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…Due to continuous changes in the environment, functioning neurological and musculoskeletal systems and complex central integration of sensory input from the vestibular, visual and somatosensory systems are required to produce appropriate and safe motor task execution (Black et al 1983, Peterka et al 2002. In particular, the vestibular system, which generates vestibulo-ocular and vestibulospinal reflexes, plays an important role in this process.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Visual and proprioceptive contributions to postural control of upright stance in unilateral vestibulopathy

Eysel‐Gosepath

McCrum

Epro

et al. 2016

Somatosensory & Motor Research

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Preserving upright stance requires central integration of the sensory systems and appropriate motor output from the neuromuscular system to keep the centre of pressure (COP) within the base of support (BoS). Unilateral peripheral vestibular disorder (UPVD) causes diminished stance stability. The aim of this study was to determine the limits of stability and to examine the contribution of multiple sensory systems to upright standing in UPVD patients and healthy subjects. We hypothesised that closure of the eyes and Achilles tendon vibration during upright stance will augment the postural sway in UPVD patients more than in healthy subjects. Seventeen UPVD patients and 17 healthy subjects performed six tasks on a force plate: forwards and backwards leaning, to determine limits of stability, and upright standing with and without Achilles tendon vibration, each with eyes open and closed (with black out glasses). The COP displacement of the patients was significantly greater in the vibration tasks than the controls and came closer to the posterior BoS boundary than the controls in all tasks.Achilles tendon vibration lead to a distinctly more backward sway in both subject groups.Five of the patients could not complete the eyes closed with vibration task. Due to the greater reduction in stance stability when the proprioceptive, compared with the visual, sensory system was disturbed, we suggest that proprioception may be more important for maintaining upright stance than vision. UPVD patients, in particular, showed more difficulty in controlling postural stability in the posterior direction with visual and proprioceptive sensory disturbance.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Visual and proprioceptive contributions to postural control of upright stance in unilateral vestibulopathy

Eysel‐Gosepath

McCrum

Epro

et al. 2016

Somatosensory & Motor Research

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“…The experiment comprised four posture conditions ( Figure 1): one including no surround or surface perturbations (Fixed) and three sway-reference conditions during which the visual three-sided surround (Visual), the support surface on which participants were standing (Proprioceptive), or both surround and support (Both) were tilted in the sagittal plane (Anterior-Posterior direction) using a servo-controlled motor in proportion to participants' own body sway, or sway reference (Black et al, 1983;L. Nashner, 1984;L.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Sensory integration demands were manipulated by means of inducing inaccurate visual and proprioceptive information about body sway using the well-established technique of sway reference (Black, Wall, & Nashner, 1983;L. Nashner, 1984;L.…”

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confidence: 99%

Postural Control Deficits in Autism Spectrum Disorder: The Role of Sensory Integration

Doumas

McKenna

Murphy

2015

J Autism Dev Disord

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We investigated the nature of sensory integration deficits in postural control of young adults with ASD. Postural control was assessed in a fixed environment, and in three environments in which sensory information about body sway from visual, proprioceptive or both channels was inaccurate. Furthermore, two levels of inaccurate information were used within each channel (gain 1 and 1.6). ASD participants showed greater postural sway when information from both channels was inaccurate. In addition, control participants' ellipse area at gain 1.6 was identical to ASD participants' at gain 1, reflecting hyper-reactivity in ASD. Our results provide evidence for hyperreactivity in posture-related sensory information, which reflects a general, rather than channel-specific sensory integration impairment in ASD.

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“…As the vestibular sensory impressions serve as a kind of reference with which the other sensory modalities are compared [38,39], it is more difficult for children with vestibular deficits to maintain their balance when subjected to conflicting sensory perceptions.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influencing Factors on the Vestibular Function of Deaf Children and Adolescents - Evaluation by Means of Dynamic Posturography

Schwab

Kontorinis²

2011

TOOTORJ

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Abstract:Objectives: Previous studies have shown that both motor exercises and vestibuloocular tests reveal a difference in the balance function of deaf and normal-hearing children and adolescents.The purpose is to evaluate the influence on balance function of the hearing status. Material and Methods:A total of 80 children and adolescents between the ages of 4 and 20 years were studied. Of these, 40 children were either deaf or severely hearing impaired. The remaining 40 were control subjects of equivalent age without hearing or balance impairment.The EquiTest ® , a device used in computerized dynamic posturography, was employed for the investigations. Mean equilibrium and latency scores from both groups were compared using t-tests for unrelated random samples. Results:The deaf children achieved significantly lower equilibrium scores and latency scores than the control group. A positive linear relationship exists between the age of the subjects and the equilibrium scores obtained. Gender, extent of hearing loss and cause of deafness have no significant effect on the balance function of the deaf children. Deaf subjects with normal caloric excitability achieved significantly higher equilibrium scores than those with vestibular deficits. Conclusions:The results support the hypothesis that damage to the cochlea, whatever its cause, may also detrimentally affect the vestibular organ. They do not, however, exclude the possibility that the poorer balance proficiency shown by deaf children may have other possible causes, such as CNS damage.The fact that equilibrium scores increase with increasing age can be seen as indicating the maturation of central nervous mechanisms involved in integrating the various sensory qualities in the sense of balance.An improvement in vestibular function through special training appears plausible, although this would necessitate diagnosis at a very early stage.

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Effects of Visual and Support Surface Orientation References Upon Postural Control in Vestibular Deficient Subjects

Cited by 166 publications

References 10 publications

Visual and proprioceptive contributions to postural control of upright stance in unilateral vestibulopathy

Visual and proprioceptive contributions to postural control of upright stance in unilateral vestibulopathy

Postural Control Deficits in Autism Spectrum Disorder: The Role of Sensory Integration

Influencing Factors on the Vestibular Function of Deaf Children and Adolescents - Evaluation by Means of Dynamic Posturography

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