Effects of Viral Infections on the Brain

—Weanling mice were either injected with viruses or fed cuprizone. Changes in total activity of two cathepsins and two β‐glycosidases were characteristic of each of the five acute encephalopathies studied. Comparisons made between morphological change and hydrolase activity shows that β‐galactosidase and cathepsin A may be useful indices of neuronal degeneration and cellular infiltration into white matter, respectively. β‐Glucuronidase appears to be a particularly sensitive index of cellular reactions to injury. Cathepsin D activity does not appear to reflect any one type of neural cell. Although the morphological changes included neuronal degeneration, perivascular cuffing with mononuclear cells, astrocytic hypertrophy and microgliosis none of the experimental conditions mimicked biochemical changes in multiple sclerosis or senile dementia. The measurement of lysosomal enzymes appears to be a more sensitive indication of acute neurological disorder than the screening of brain proteins by polyacrylamide gel clectrophoresisor the measurement of enzymes (acetylcholinesterase, DOPA decarboxylase and carbonic anhydrase) characteristic of neural cells.

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“…1972) with devastating effects (HURST, 1936; ALBRECHT, 1968;NATHANSON & COLE. 1970;THORMAR, 1971;DICK, 1972;THORMAR et a!.. 1973).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Biochemical Studies on Degenerative Neurological Disorders: 1. Acute Experimental Encephalitis

Bowen

Flack

Martin

et al. 1974

Journal of Neurochemistry

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“…The possible mechanism proposed in this study is the result of downregulation of NFATc1 in PCa cells (DU145 and PC‐3 cell lines) infected with lentiviral infection (Liu et al, 2019). Lentiviruses (LVs) are a group of RNA viruses of the retrovirus family, whose name is derived from their slow infectivity in humans and animals (Thormar & Palsson, 1967). LVs contain the enzyme reverse transcriptase and during endocytosis of the LV particle into the cell, RNA is released and converted into DNA before integration into the host genome (Gilboa et al, 1979).…”

Section: The Role Of Nfatc1 In Pca Cellsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of NFATc1 in the progression and metastasis of prostate cancer: A review on the molecular mechanisms and signaling pathways

Hasani,

Fathabadi,

Saeidi

et al. 2023

Cell Biology International

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A common type of cancer among men is the prostate cancer that kills many people every year. The multistage of this disease and the involvement of the vital organs of the body have reduced the life span and quality of life of the people involved and turned the treatment process into a complex one. NFATc1 biomarker contributes significantly in the diagnosis and treatment of this disease by increasing its expression in prostate cancer and helping the proliferation, differentiation, and invasion of cancer cells through different signaling pathways. NFATc1 is also able to target the metabolism of cancer cells by inserting specific oncogene molecules such as c‐myc that it causes cell growth and proliferation. Bone is a common tissue where prostate cancer cells metastasize. In this regard, the activity of NFATc1, through the regulation of different signaling cascades, including the RANKL/RANK signaling pathway, in turn, increases the activity of osteoclasts, and as a result, bone tissue is gradually ruined. Using Silibinin as a medicinal plant extract can inhibit the activity of osteoclasts related to prostate cancer by targeting NFATc. Undoubtedly, NFATc1 is one of the effective oncogenes related to prostate cancer, which has the potential to put this cancer on the path of progression and metastasis. In this review, we will highlight the role of NFATc1 in the progression and metastasis of prostate cancer. Furthermore, we will summarize signaling pathways and molecular mechanism, through which NFATc1 regulates the process of prostate cancer.

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Effects of Viral Infections on the Brain

Cited by 2 publications

References 78 publications

Biochemical Studies on Degenerative Neurological Disorders: 1. Acute Experimental Encephalitis

Biochemical Studies on Degenerative Neurological Disorders: 1. Acute Experimental Encephalitis

The role of NFATc1 in the progression and metastasis of prostate cancer: A review on the molecular mechanisms and signaling pathways

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