Effects of vibratory stimulation-induced kinesthetic illusions on the neural activities of patients with stroke

Abstract

[Purpose] This study evaluated the influence of vibratory stimulation-induced kinesthetic illusion on brain function after stroke. [Subjects] Twelve healthy individuals and 13 stroke patients without motor or sensory loss participated. [Methods] Electroencephalograms were taken at rest and during vibratory stimulation. As a neurophysiological index of brain function, we measured the μ-rhythm, which is present mainly in the kinesthetic cortex and is attenuated by movement or motor imagery and compared the data using source localization analyses in the Standardized Low Resolution Brain Electromagnetic Tomography (sLORETA) program. [Results] At rest, μ-rhythms appeared in the sensorimotor and supplementary motor cortices in both healthy controls and stroke patients. Under vibratory stimulation, no μ-rhythm appeared in the sensorimotor cortex of either group. Moreover, in the supplementary motor area, which stores the motor imagery required for kinesthetic illusions, the μ-rhythms of patients were significantly stronger than those of the controls, although the μ-rhythms of both groups were reduced. Thus, differences in neural activity in the supplementary motor area were apparent between the subject groups. [Conclusion] Kinesthetic illusions do occur in patients with motor deficits due to stroke. The neural basis of the supplementary motor area in stroke patients may be functionally different from that found in healthy controls.

EEG Mu ( µ ) rhythm spectra and oscillatory activity differentiate stuttering from non-stuttering adults

“…Using independent component analysis (ICA), μ rhythms easily can be identified based on their two peaks; one within alpha ( α ; 8–14 Hz) and one within beta ( β ; 15–25 Hz) frequencies (Niedermeyer and da Silva, 2005;Pineda, 2005;Hari, 2006). Though they can be observed in various regions of the cortex (Schnitzler et al, 2000;Hauswald et al, 2013;Kodama et al, 2016), the primary sources of μ rhythms lie within anterior regions of the dorsal stream (e.g., premotor and primary motor cortices). Within sensorimotor μ rhythms, activity in the β band is thought to encode motor information (Pfurtscheller, 1981;Toro et al, 1994;Seeber et al, 2014), and activity within the α band is thought to encode somatosensory and auditory feedback (Cheyne et al, 2003;Gaetz and Cheyne, 2006;Tamura et al, 2012;Sebastiani et al, 2014;Peled-Avron et al, 2016).…”

A Study on the Improvement of Walking Characteristics of the Elderly with Vibration Stimuli Applied to the Tibialis Anterior Tendon

“…Therefore, more than one year of vibratory stimulation may have similar effects to those studies' results. Furthermore, it is expected that the range of clinical applications of vibratory stimulation will be broadened through studies [ 28 – 30 ] that have proven to be effective in brain rehabilitation through vibration stimulation.…”

Neuroscience-Based Rehabilitation for Stroke Patients

“…Because many limb movements are executed unconsciously, we considered them an important element in NBR for regenerating a body schema that is based on input from proprioception [65]. Based on these ideas, we present the details of a study [20] that utilized kinaesthetic illusions that were induced in the brain by tendon vibration to examine how they affected the neural functions of stroke patients.…”

“…somatoparaphrenia) [15,16]. In such cases, the exploitation of kinaesthetic illusions [17][18][19][20], which can be induced in the brain by extraneous stimuli, such as vibratory stimulations, becomes important for inputting appropriate motorsensory information into the brain in a passive and bottom-up fashion. Therefore, the implementation of a mental practice to determine the criteria for adequate treatment according to the states of the patient's cognitive functions and motor functions is important in order to select and implement the best therapy.…”