Effects of varying levels of undegradable intake protein on endocrine and metabolic function of young post-partum beef cows

Kane, K. K.; Creighton, Kelly; Petersen, M. K.; Hallford, D. M.; Remmenga, Marta D.; Hawkins, D. E.

doi:10.1016/s0093-691x(02)00828-2

Cited by 14 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…In some studies performed in female mammals, the impact of dietary proteins was associated with changes in HPG axis regulation: in particular, a higher intake of proteins was shown to enhance GnRH-induced LH release [ 300 , 301 ]. Conversely, in other studies, diets deficient in proteins delay puberty in female ruminants but does not impair the synthesis and processing of LHRH in the brain neurons and synthesis of LH in pituitary cells [ 302 ].…”

Section: Nutrients As Signaling Moleculesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Deep Correlation between Energy Metabolism and Reproduction: A View on the Effects of Nutrition for Women Fertility

2016

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In female mammals, mechanisms have been developed, throughout evolution, to integrate environmental, nutritional and hormonal cues in order to guarantee reproduction in favorable energetic conditions and to inhibit it in case of food scarcity. This metabolic strategy could be an advantage in nutritionally poor environments, but nowadays is affecting women’s health. The unlimited availability of nutrients, in association with reduced energy expenditure, leads to alterations in many metabolic pathways and to impairments in the finely tuned inter-relation between energy metabolism and reproduction, thereby affecting female fertility. Many energetic states could influence female reproductive health being under- and over-weight, obesity and strenuous physical activity are all conditions that alter the profiles of specific hormones, such as insulin and adipokines, thus impairing women fertility. Furthermore, specific classes of nutrients might affect female fertility by acting on particular signaling pathways. Dietary fatty acids, carbohydrates, proteins and food-associated components (such as endocrine disruptors) have per se physiological activities and their unbalanced intake, both in quantitative and qualitative terms, might impair metabolic homeostasis and fertility in premenopausal women. Even though we are far from identifying a “fertility diet”, lifestyle and dietary interventions might represent a promising and invaluable strategy to manage infertility in premenopausal women.

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Section: Nutrients As Signaling Moleculesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Deep Correlation between Energy Metabolism and Reproduction: A View on the Effects of Nutrition for Women Fertility

2016

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“…Our estimated insertion length for the pH and CO 2 probes − 64.2 ± 12.6 cm and 62 ± 11.5 cm, respectivelywas higher than the reported post-mortem length of those organs (56.25 ± 6.01 cm). On the other hand, the total absence of medication or animal distress during the procedure guaranteed that the measurements were the closest to the physiological values, as it was also the case when a similar postcervical approach was carried out for estimation of uterine pH in cows [20,21,25].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In most previous studies the in vivo measurement of uterine pH was carried out with potentiometric devices. For this, miniaturized pH glass electrodes either as a single unit or in combination with a reference electrode were extensively used [15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25]. Similarly, for pCO 2 measurements a pH electrode was converted to a Severinghaus type electrode covered with a Te on membrane [16].…”

Section: Speciesmentioning

confidence: 99%

In vivo measurement of pH, CO2 and HCO3- levels in the uterus of non-anesthetized sows through the estrous cycle and after insemination

López-Albors¹,

Llamas-López²,

Ortuño³

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Background The pH-CO2-HCO3− system is a ubiquitous biological regulator with important functional implications for reproduction. Knowledge of the physiological values of its components is relevant for reproductive biology and the optimization of Assistant Reproductive Techniques (ARTs). In vivo pH of the oviduct and uterus has been estimated by direct in situ measurements in a few species. However, regarding the levels of CO2 and HCO3−, information is very scarce and, when available, it comes from fluid samples instead of in vivo estimations. This study describes a non-invasive method to measure pH and % of CO2 in the uterus of sows with cutting-edge technology and no medication. Sows were at three different reproductive conditions, estrous with no insemination E(-)AI and after insemination E(+)AI, and diestrous (non-estrous, NE). From pH and CO2 data, HCO3− concentration was estimated. Results The designed methodology allowed for in situ time-lapse recording of pH and % of CO2 within the uterus of non-anesthetized sows. Variable oscillatory patterns of pH, CO2 and HCO3− were found independently of the estrous condition. Insemination did not changed the levels of uterine pH, % of CO2 and HCO3− concentration, -E(-)AI = E(+)AI-, but all the values were affected by the estrous cycle in a way that decreased significantly at diestrous condition - E(-)AI and E(+)AI > NE-. Conclusions A non-invasive approach to the porcine uterus with novel optical probes allowed the obtaining of in situ physiological values of pH, CO2, and HCO3− at different reproductive conditions. While the short-time presence of sperm in the uterus did not change the physiological milieu, the whole pH-CO2-HCO3− system was affected by the estrous cycle. This study contributes to a better understanding of the in vivo regulation of the pH/CO2/HCO3− system in the uterus and may help to optimize the protocols of sperm treatment for in vitro fertilization.

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“…Decreased secretion of LH and FSH is associated with undernutrition in beef cows (Nolan et al, 1988;Richards et al, 1989). Supplementation with 335 g UIP ؒcow −1 ؒd −1 increased GnRH-induced LH secretion in postpartum beef cows (Kane et al, 2002). Thus, reproductive events may be altered by UIP supplementation via endocrine and metabolic factors.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of increasing levels of undegradable intake protein on metabolic and endocrine factors in estrous cycling beef heifers1,2

Kane

Hawkins

Pulsipher

et al. 2004

Journal of Animal Science

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To determine the influence of three levels of undegradable intake protein (UIP) supplementation on metabolic and endocrine factors that influence reproduction, 23 yearling crossbred heifers (body condition score = 4.5 +/- 0.5; initial BW = 362 +/- 12 kg) were stratified by BW and assigned randomly to one of three supplements: 1) low UIP (1,135 g x heifer(-1) x d(-1); 30% CP, 115 g UIP, n = 7); 2) mid UIP (1,135 g x heifer(-1) x d(-1); 38% CP, 216 g UIP, n = 8); or 3) high UIP (1,135 g x heifer(-1) x d(-1); 46% CP, 321 g UIP, n = 8). Heifers were estrually synchronized before initiation of supplementation. Supplement was individually fed daily for 30 to 32 d, at which time heifers were slaughtered (d 12 to 14 of the estrous cycle) and tissues collected. Heifers were fed a basal diet of sudan grass hay (6.0% CP) ad libitum. On d 28 of supplementation (d 10 of the estrous cycle), no differences were observed (P > 0.10) in serum insulin or IGF-I among treatments. At slaughter (d 10 to 12 of the estrous cycle), treatments did not influence corpus luteum weight, cerebral spinal fluid leptin, or IGFBP; serum estradiol-17beta, progesterone, leptin, IGF-I, and IGFBP; or anterior pituitary content of IGFBP (P > 0.10). Follicular fluid IGFBP-2 and IGFBP-4 were greater in high-UIP heifers than low- or mid-UIP heifers on d 12 to 14 of the estrous cycle (P < 0.05). Basal serum LH concentrations and LH area under the curve (every 15 min for 240 min) did not differ (P > 0.10) following 28 d of supplementation (d 10 of the estrous cycle); however, basal serum FSH concentrations were greater (P = 0.06) in low- and mid- vs. high-UIP heifers (5.2 and 5.2 vs. 4.6 ng/mL, respectively), and FSH area under the curve was greater (P = 0.03) in low- vs. high-UIP heifers. At slaughter (d 12 to 14 of the estrous cycle), anterior pituitary LH and FSH content and steady-state mRNA encoding alpha, LHbeta, and GnRH receptor did not differ (P > 0.10) among treatments. However, FSHbeta mRNA was increased approximately twofold (P = 0.03) in mid vs. low UIP. In summary, low and mid levels of UIP supplements fed to estrous cycling beef heifers seemed to enhance pituitary expression and/or secretion of FSH relative to high levels of UIP. Moreover, high-UIP supplementation was associated with increased low-molecular-weight IGFBP compared with supplementation of low and mid levels of UIP. These data suggest that differing levels of UIP supplementation may alter pituitary and ovarian function, thereby influencing reproductive performance in beef heifers.

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Effects of varying levels of undegradable intake protein on endocrine and metabolic function of young post-partum beef cows

Cited by 14 publications

References 26 publications

The Deep Correlation between Energy Metabolism and Reproduction: A View on the Effects of Nutrition for Women Fertility

The Deep Correlation between Energy Metabolism and Reproduction: A View on the Effects of Nutrition for Women Fertility

In vivo measurement of pH, CO2 and HCO3- levels in the uterus of non-anesthetized sows through the estrous cycle and after insemination

Effect of increasing levels of undegradable intake protein on metabolic and endocrine factors in estrous cycling beef heifers1,2

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