Effects of Various Conductive Additive and Polymeric Binder Contents on the Performance of a Lithium-Ion Composite Cathode

Liu, G.; Zheng, Honghe; Kim, S.; Deng, Yonghong; Minor, Andrew M.; Song, Xiangyun; Battaglia, Vince

doi:10.1149/1.2976031

Cited by 149 publications

(154 citation statements)

References 19 publications

(29 reference statements)

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“…Previous work by the Battaglia group has explored the effect on conductivity with changes to carbon-to-binder ratios and carbon-to-active ratios. 8,10,17,23,24,25 The carbon-to-binder ratio used here is around 0.7, which is near suggested optimal ratios for cathode composition when active material loading are at range of 86.5 wt% to 94.5 wt%. 10,23,25 However, we slightly increased the binder-to-carbon ratio when we decreased the amount of carbon, as shown in Table I.…”

Section: Electronicmentioning

confidence: 74%

Direct Measurements of Effective Electronic Transport in Porous Li-Ion Electrodes

Peterson

Wheeler

2014

J. Electrochem. Soc.

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An accurate assessment of the electronic conductivity of electrodes is necessary for understanding and optimizing battery performance. The bulk electronic conductivity of porous LiCoO 2 -based cathodes was measured as a function of porosity, pressure, carbon fraction, and the presence of an electrolyte. The measurements were performed by delamination of thin-film electrodes from their aluminum current collectors and by use of a four-line probe. FIB/SEM (focused ion beam/scanning electron microscope) imaging was used to correlate the electrode microstructure to electronic conductivity. The introduction of electrolyte to dry electrodes reduced electronic conductivity by around 60%.

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Section: Electronicmentioning

confidence: 74%

Direct Measurements of Effective Electronic Transport in Porous Li-Ion Electrodes

Peterson

Wheeler

2014

J. Electrochem. Soc.

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“…2b and 2c). 2,19 These conductivity trends can be expressed by eq. 1.1 from 0:1 to 0.5:1 AB:PVDF, and AB/PVDF/AM composites -binder distribution.-The amount of fixed polymer layer on filler particles is governed by filler surface area and the surface properties.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Modeling the electronic conductivity.-In this particular AB/AM/PVDF composite system, the electronic conductivity of the AM particles is low (<10 −3 S/cm), [20][21][22] so the electronic conductivity is provided solely by the AB/PVDF. 2,[20][21][22] The conductivity k of AB/PVDF is described by eq. 1, where c is the volume fraction of AB and b is the volume fraction of PVDF.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Particles and Polymer Binder Interaction: A Controlling Factor in Lithium-Ion Electrode Performance

Liu

Zheng

Song

et al. 2012

J. Electrochem. Soc.

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220

201

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This paper investigates lithium-ion electrode laminates as polymer composites to explain their performance variation due to changes in formulation. There are three essential components in a positive electrode laminate: active material (AM) particles, acetylene black (AB) particles, and the polymer binder. The high filler content and discrete particle sizes make the electrode laminate a very unique polymer composite. This work introduces a physical model in which AB and AM particles compete for polymer binder, which forms fixed layers of polymer on their surfaces. This competition leads to the observed variations in electrode morphology and performance for different electrode formulations. The electronic conductivities of the cathode laminates were measured and compared to an effective conductivity calculation based on the physical model to probe the interaction among the three components to reveal the critical factors controlling electrode conductivity and electrochemical performance. The data and effective conductivity calculation results agree very well with each other. This developed physical model provides a theoretical guideline for optimization of electrode composition for most polymer binder-based Li-ion battery electrodes. Proper electrode design is critical to meeting both the energy and power performance requirements for any battery application. [1][2][3][4] Polymer binders and conductive additives used in Li-ion batteries, although not electrochemically active, are essential components in the electrodes, along with the active material (AM) that stores lithium ions. Conductive additives such as acetylene black (AB), are used to provide the electronic conductivity from the current collector to the composite, and to provide surface conductivity to the micronsized spherical AM particles. AB is an essential component for all cathodes due to its low cost and unique morphology. 5,6 Primary AB particles fuse to form a branched structure, which allows for a fully percolated filler structure at much lower AB loading than would occur without the branching. 7,8 This electrically conductive medium is needed to provide both long-range conductivity and short-range electron transport to the AM surface. A polymer binder such as polyvinylidine difluoride (PVDF) adheres the AB and AM particles together to form a continuous and robust electric conduction path to the current collector.In designing an electrode, the AM content is preferentially high to maximize the energy density, but the inactive materials AB and PVDF are critical for electron transport and mechanical integrity, respectively. A typical cathode contains 90% AM, 4% AB, and 6% PVDF. 9 The AB content needs to be as low as the electrode design allows and still fulfill its function of providing electrical connection from the laminate to the current collector and amongst the AM particles throughout the laminate. The polymer content also needs to be as low as possible and still meet its design needs of binding the laminate to the current collector and holding all...

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“…On the other hand, the improved conductivity obtained with the presence of the ethyl cellulose can be related to the better densification of the material. It is well known that when the binder is in contact with the particle surfaces of the active material and carbon materials, the polymer improves the mechanical strength of the composite cathode by the formation of a continuous network layer of the polymer on the surface of the particles of active material [ 24,25 ]. Addition of a larger binder amount, however, could decrease the ionic conductivity of the solid electrolyte due to its low conductivity.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The increase of the binder content to 1.0 wt% produced a decrease in the capacity retention rate of 72.4%. The study of the composite cathode composition in lithium secondary batteries using liquid electrolyte has revealed that the higher binder contents can lead to the encapsulation of individual particles of the active material producing a lithium ion blocking effect [ 24,25 ]. Thus, higher binder contents than 1 wt% led to the loss of capacity due to the insufficient electronic conductivity in the composite cathode.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of the binder content on the electrochemical performance of composite cathode using Li6PS5Cl precursor solution in an all-solid-state lithium battery

Rosero-Navarro

Kinoshita

Miura

et al. 2017

Ionics

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All solid state batteries with cathode composites containing high concentration of active materials are required to achieve higher energy densities. Here, a composite cathode containing up to 89 wt% of high voltage cathode active material (LiNi Mn Co O ) was prepared by covering this with a solution derived solid electrolyte (argyrodite, Li PS Cl) and the incorporation of different content binder (ethyl cellulose). All solid state batteries were fabricated using 80Li S•20P S (mol%) glass and indium metal as a solid electrolyte and anode, respectively. The all solid state battery with a composite cathode containing 0.5 wt% of ethyl cellulose showed an initial discharge capacity of 45 mAhg at 25 °C and maintained 91.7% of the discharge capacity after ten cycles, around 30% higher than that obtained for the battery with the composite cathode without a binder.

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Effects of Various Conductive Additive and Polymeric Binder Contents on the Performance of a Lithium-Ion Composite Cathode

Cited by 149 publications

References 19 publications

Direct Measurements of Effective Electronic Transport in Porous Li-Ion Electrodes

Direct Measurements of Effective Electronic Transport in Porous Li-Ion Electrodes

Particles and Polymer Binder Interaction: A Controlling Factor in Lithium-Ion Electrode Performance

Effect of the binder content on the electrochemical performance of composite cathode using Li6PS5Cl precursor solution in an all-solid-state lithium battery

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