Effects of Various Cations on Cesium Uptake From Soils and Clay Suspensions

Jackson, W. A.; Craig, Doris; Lugo, Hector

doi:10.1097/00010694-196505000-00009

Cited by 30 publications

(12 citation statements)

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“…Thus, one mechanism whereby increasing rhizosphere K protects plants from Cs in the environment is by reducing their Cs uptake. This observation is consistent with previous studies showing that increasing rhizosphere K reduces Cs uptake (Sutcliffe, 1957;Bange and Overstreet, 1960;Handley and Overstreet, 1961) and accumulation (Menzel, 1954;Cline and Hungate, 1960;Nishita et al, 1960Nishita et al, , 1962Jackson et al, 1965;Jackson and Nisbet, 1990;Shaw and Bell, 1991;Shaw et al, 1992;Belli et al, 1995;Smolders et al, 1996aSmolders et al, , 1996bZhu et al, 1999) by plants and provides a rationale for using K fertilization as a countermeasure in radiocesiumcontaminated soils (Konoplev et al, 1993;Prister et al, 1993;Zhu et al, 2000;. It was also observed that increasing [K] agar in the presence of Cs also increased [K] shoot (Fig.…”

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confidence: 92%

Cesium Toxicity in Arabidopsis

et al. 2004

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Cesium (Cs) is chemically similar to potassium (K). However, although K is an essential element, Cs is toxic to plants. Two contrasting hypotheses to explain Cs toxicity have been proposed: (1) extracellular Cs+ prevents K+ uptake and, thereby, induces K starvation; and (2) intracellular Cs+ interacts with vital K+-binding sites in proteins, either competitively or noncompetitively, impairing their activities. We tested these hypotheses with Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana). Increasing the Cs concentration in the agar ([Cs]agar) on which Arabidopsis were grown reduced shoot growth. Increasing the K concentration in the agar ([K]agar) increased the [Cs]agar at which Cs toxicity was observed. However, although increasing [Cs]agar reduced shoot K concentration ([K]shoot), the decrease in shoot growth appeared unrelated to [K]shoot per se. Furthermore, the changes in gene expression in Cs-intoxicated plants differed from those of K-starved plants, suggesting that Cs intoxication was not perceived genetically solely as K starvation. In addition to reducing [K]shoot, increasing [Cs]agar also increased shoot Cs concentration ([Cs]shoot), but shoot growth appeared unrelated to [Cs]shoot per se. The relationship between shoot growth and [Cs]shoot/[K]shoot suggested that, at a nontoxic [Cs]shoot, growth was determined by [K]shoot but that the growth of Cs-intoxicated plants was related to the [Cs]shoot/[K]shoot quotient. This is consistent with Cs intoxication resulting from competition between K+ and Cs+ for K+-binding sites on essential proteins.

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confidence: 92%

Cesium Toxicity in Arabidopsis

et al. 2004

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“…In the N fertilization experiment, ammonium nitrate substantially promoted 134 Cs transfer to plants, thus supporting the findings of several earlier reports (Jackson et al 1965, Evans and Dekker 1969, Cawse 1990, Schechtner and Henrich 1990, Lasat et al 1997), according to which ammonium ions markedly increase the radiocaesium concentration in plants, particularly when the soil K is low. Ammonium ions decrease the fixation of caesium ions in soil and, consequently, the caesium concentration increases in soil solution and in plants.…”

Section: Vol 11 (2002): 143-152supporting

confidence: 88%

Harvesting strategy and N fertilization influence 134 Cs uptake by forage plants

Paasikallio¹,

Sormunen-Cristian²

2002

AFSci

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The root uptake of 134 Cs by forage plants was studied as a function of growth stage and N fertilization with biotite supplementation. The study was conducted by means of pot experiments with peat soil. In the growth stage studies, ryegrass, white clover and yellow-flowered lucerne were cut once 30, 60 or 90 days after sowing or three times at intervals of 30 days. In the one-cut system, at 90 d, the activity concentration of 134 Cs in ryegrass and clover was higher and that in lucerne lower than in the three-cut system. In both treatments, the activity concentration in ryegrass decreased and that in legumes, generally, tended to increase with time. In the N fertilization studies, ryegrass was grown at different levels of ammonium nitrate (100, 200 and 400 mg N l -1 ) and biotite (0, 10, 20 and 40 g l -1 ) application. The addition of N to soil increased and that of biotite decreased the 134 Cs activity concentration in ryegrass.The differences in forage 134 Cs between the two harvesting systems were small. Although ammonium nitrate increased the 134 Cs uptake by ryegrass, in the event of fallout, moderate rates of ammonium fertilizer could be used provided that biotite or K are applied at adequate levels.

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“…Radioactive Cs in pastures 797 growth due to symbiotic N fixation, and that the NH 4 + availability may result in the relatively higher radioactive Cs uptake in legumes than grasses and other forbs. It is well known that NH 4 + in soil increases the radioactive Cs content of plants (Evans and Dekker 1969;Shaw and Bell 1991;Belli et al 1995;Sanchez et al 1999;Rigol et al 2002), because NH 4 + effectively mobilizes Cs in soils (Jackson et al 1965;Sanchez et al 1999). However, it is uncertain whether N fixation in legumes is related to uptake of radioactive Cs.…”

Section: Radioactive Cs In Pastures 795mentioning

confidence: 99%

Distribution of radioactive cesium in soil and its uptake by herbaceous plants in temperate pastures with different management after the Fukushima Dai-Ichi Nuclear Power Station accident

Ogura

Suzuki

Saitô

2014

Soil Science and Plant Nutrition

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The accident at Fukushima Dai-Ichi Nuclear Power Station (NPS) extensively contaminated the agricultural land in the Tohoku region of Japan with radioactive cesium [sum of cesium-134 ( 134 Cs) and cesium-137 ( 137 Cs)]. We evaluated the status of radioactive cesium (Cs) contamination in soil and plants at the Field Science Center of Tohoku University, northern Miyagi prefecture, 150 km north of the NPS. In seven pastures with different management, we examined: (1) the distribution of radioactive Cs in soil, (2) the concentration of radioactive Cs in various herbaceous plant species and (3) the change in radioactive Cs content of plants as they matured. We collected samples of litter, root mat layer (root mat soil and plant roots), and subsurface soil (0-5 cm beneath the root mat) at two to three locations in each pasture in December 2011 and May 2012. The aboveground parts of herbaceous plants (four grasses, two legumes, and one forb species) were collected from May 9 to June 20, 2012, at 14-d intervals, from one to five fixed sampling locations in each pasture. The distribution of radioactive Cs in soil differed among pastures to some degree: a large proportion of radioactive Cs was distributed in the root mat layer. Pasture management greatly influenced the radioactive Cs content of herbaceous plants (p < 0.001); plant species had less influence. Radioactive Cs content was highest (> 3 kBq kg −1 dry weight) on May 9 and significantly decreased with maturity (p < 0.001) for most of the pastures, whereas it remained low (0.04-0.18 kBq kg −1 dry weight) throughout the measurement period in the pasture where composted cattle manure was applied. The soil-to-plant transfer factor was negatively correlated to pH(H 2 O) (R 2 = 0.783, p < 0.001) and exchangeable K content (R 2 = 0.971, p < 0.001) of root mat soils, which suggests that surface application of composted cattle manure reduces plant uptake of radioactive Cs by increasing the exchangeable K content of the soil. The radioactive Cs content of plants decreased with plant maturity; its degree of decrease (May 9 to June 6) was smaller in legumes (80.6%) than grasses (55.5%) and the forb (58.6%). Radioactive Cs content decreased with plant maturity; also, the proportion remaining in the aboveground plant was higher in legumes (80.6%) than grasses (55.5%) and the forb (58.6%).

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Effects of Various Cations on Cesium Uptake From Soils and Clay Suspensions

Cited by 30 publications

References 0 publications

Cesium Toxicity in Arabidopsis

Cesium Toxicity in Arabidopsis

Harvesting strategy and N fertilization influence 134 Cs uptake by forage plants

Distribution of radioactive cesium in soil and its uptake by herbaceous plants in temperate pastures with different management after the Fukushima Dai-Ichi Nuclear Power Station accident

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