“…In existing literature, three meta-analyses were conducted to test the relationship between procrastination and academic performance (Kim & Seo, 2015;Richardson, Abraham, & Bond, 2012;Steel, 2007). These studies reported that procrastinating students are more likely to perform poorly.As for the internal effects of procrastination on students, previous findings indicated that procrastinating students feel anxiety (Fernie, McKenzie, Nikčević, Caselli, G., & Spada, 2016;Gagnon, Dionne, & Pychyl, 2016;Milgram & Toubiana, 1999), depression (Fernie et al, 2016;Gagnon et al, 2016; Özer, O'Callaghan, Bokszczanin, Ederer, , & Essau, 2014;Steel, 2007;van Eerde, 2003), stress (Sriois & Tosti, 2012;Stead, Shanahan, & Neufeld, 2010;Tice & Baumeister, 1997), and dissatisfaction with life (Grunschel, Schwinger, Steinmayr, & Fries, 2016;Hinsch & Sheldon, 2013;Steel, 2010). It seems reasonable to assume that procrastination leads to a lifestyle rife with complications that decrease the overall quality of life and the college experience, and adversely impact the student's well-being.…”