Effects of urea on the cattle tick Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus (Acari: Ixodidae)

Cunha, Arildo Pinto da; Bello, Ana Cristina Passos de Paiva; Domingues, Luísa N.; Martins, João Ricardo; Oliveira, Paulo Roberto de; Freitas, Carolina Maria Vianna de; Bastianetto, Eduardo; Silva, Marcos Xavier; Leite, R. C.

doi:10.1016/j.vetpar.2010.08.036

Cited by 11 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…The pots were watered daily during the period before the experiment, and urea was applied to promote growth of the seedlings. However, 30 days before the start of the experiment, the urea fertilization was interrupted to prevent the presence of residues of this compound, which is toxic to R. microplus (Cunha et al 2008). The grass plants were also pruned so that only the central part of each pot contained plants, with an average height of 40 cm.…”

Section: Preparation Of the Pots Containing Brachiaria Decumbens Seedmentioning

confidence: 99%

Acaricidal activity of thymol against larvae of Rhipicephalus microplus (Acari: Ixodidae) under semi-natural conditions

et al. 2015

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This is the first study to investigate the activity of thymol on Rhipicephalus microplus larvae under semi-natural conditions. For this purpose, tests were conducted in pots with Brachiaria decumbens seedlings containing cattle tick larvae. Thymol, diluted in ethanol 50° GL, was tested at concentrations of 2.5, 5.0, 10.0, 15.0, and 20.0 mg/mL, along with the control group treated with the solvent alone. Each treatment was composed of five pots (1 pot = a repetition). The experiment was performed in three steps. On the first day, the larvae were applied at the base of the signalgrass. Twenty-four hours later, approximately 25 mL of the solution was applied with thymol on the top of the vegetation in each pot. The survival of the larvae was measured 24 h after application of the solutions. Each pot was analyzed individually, and the grass fillets contained larvae were cut with scissors, placed in Petri dishes, and taken to the laboratory to count the number of living larvae. At the highest concentrations (10, 15, and 20 mg /mL), the number of live larvae declined by more than 95 % in relation to the control group. The lethal concentration 50 % (LC50) and LC90 values were 3.45 and 9.25 mg/ml, respectively. The application of thymol in semi-natural conditions starting concentration of 10 mg/mL significantly reduced the number of living R. microplus larvae.

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Section: Preparation Of the Pots Containing Brachiaria Decumbens Seedmentioning

confidence: 99%

Acaricidal activity of thymol against larvae of Rhipicephalus microplus (Acari: Ixodidae) under semi-natural conditions

et al. 2015

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“…It is known that urea has a positive effect in relation to fertilization cover for tick control (WANDERLEY et al, 2015), and many of the farmers of this study used it in their practice. The urea granules come into contact with teleogynes and cause their death, thus not allowing oviposition (CUNHA et al, 2010). Moreover, good pasture management practice keeps herds in an excellent nutritional state, which is essential for maintaining animals' tick resistance at a good level (SUTHERST et al, 1983).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Management and control of parasites on dairy farms in northwestern region of São Paulo state

Verı́ssimo

Vasques

Duarte

et al. 2016

Rev. Bras. Parasitol. Vet.

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Dairy cattle farming is of great economic and social importance in all Brazilian's regions. Parasites can reduce milk productivity, especially the tick Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus. This study consisted of a questionnaire answered by 40 milk producers in the northwestern region of the State of São Paulo. The aim was to ascertain how these producers controlled ticks and other parasites. Very many of them knew nothing about the biological cycle of the cattle tick or about strategic control or acaricide efficacy tests. The majority (87.5%) controlled ticks at a high frequency, without technical criteria and care to apply the acaricide. Spraying was the most used mode of acaricide application (95%) and endectocides were used by 45%. Cattle tick fever was the harm most associated with ticks (87.5%) followed closely by screwworm (77.5%). However, 65% were satisfied with their tick control. About the control of others parasites, all dewormed at least twice a year their animals; 65% were controlling horn fly; 40% had problems with screwworm. The interviewers had in general good level of education and the farms generally exhibited a high degree of technology for milk production on pasture because half of them received technical assistance frequently.Keywords: Cattle, milk, production, questionnaire, sustainable, tick. ResumoA bovinocultura leiteira é de extrema importância econômica e social em todas as regiões brasileiras. Os parasitas podem reduzir a produção leiteira, especialmente o carrapato Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus. Este trabalho consistiu em um questionário respondido por 40 produtores de leite da região noroeste do Estado de São Paulo, com o objetivo de saber como os produtores controlam carrapatos e outros parasitas. Grande parte deles não conhecia o ciclo biológico do carrapato do boi nem o controle estragégico e o teste de eficácia de carrapaticidas. A maioria (87,5%) controlava o carrapato com alta frequência, sem critérios técnicos e cuidados na aplicação do carrapaticida. A aspersão foi o modo de aplicação mais usado (95%) e endectocidas eram utilizados por 45%. Tristeza parasitária bovina foi o prejuízo mais associado ao carrapato (87,5%), seguido de perto pela bicheira (77,5%). No entanto, 65% estavam satisfeitos com o controle do carrapato. A maioria (82,5%) criava gado mestiço. Em relação ao controle de outros parasitas, todos vermifugavam seus animais pelo menos duas vezes por ano; 65% deles controlava a mosca-do-chifre; 40% têm problemas com bicheira. Os entrevistados, de forma geral, tinham bom nível educacional, e as fazendas geralmente exibiam alto grau de tecnologia em produção de leite a pasto, porque metade delas recebia assistência técnica constante de um programa estatal que incentiva a produção leiteira sustentável.Palavras-chave: Bovino, leite, produção, questionário, sustentável, carrapato.

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“…However, recently Leal et al (2017) found that urea had absolutely no effect on ticks in immersion assays of adults and larvae and in fertilized pastures. Since ammonia degraded from the urea is deemed to be the cause of mortality for ticks these authors speculate that additional factors in the studies by Cunha et al (2008Cunha et al ( , 2010 may have led to ammonification of the fertilizer.…”

Section: Season Climate and Geographymentioning

confidence: 99%

10. Public-private partnership enabled use of anti-tick vaccine for integrated cattle fever tick eradication in the USA

León¹,

Mahan²,

Messenger³

et al. 2018

Pests and Vector-Borne Diseases in the Livestock Industry

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Worldwide the livestock industry, from small farmers to large industrialized farms, is affected by arthropods and arthropod-borne diseases at various scales, which cause huge losses and are a constraint to socio-economic development. Farmers make considerable efforts to prevent and control pest and disease incidence, often requiring the use of vaccines, if available, drugs and pesticides. Examples of current problems are presented, to set the stage for the detailed and state-of-the-art presentations of specific cases of livestock pests and their associated diseases and modern methods of prevention and control.

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Effects of urea on the cattle tick Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus (Acari: Ixodidae)

Cited by 11 publications

References 2 publications

Acaricidal activity of thymol against larvae of Rhipicephalus microplus (Acari: Ixodidae) under semi-natural conditions

Acaricidal activity of thymol against larvae of Rhipicephalus microplus (Acari: Ixodidae) under semi-natural conditions

Management and control of parasites on dairy farms in northwestern region of São Paulo state

10. Public-private partnership enabled use of anti-tick vaccine for integrated cattle fever tick eradication in the USA

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