Effects of Unripe Rubus coreanus Miquel Extract on Improvement of Lipid Metabolism in C57BL/6 Mice Fed a High-Cholesterol Diet

Jung, Myung-A; Cho, Sook-Hyun; Lee, Sun Young; Kim, Ji Hye; Oh, Kangho; Kim, Young-Suk; Yoo, GooSang; Lee, Dong‐Wook; Kim, Sunoh

doi:10.3746/jkfn.2014.43.5.650

Cited by 13 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…We have tested and reported the cytotoxicity of DP and 5-uRCK extracts in various cells through similar studies. As a result, we have not observed any cytotoxicity of these extracts up to 300 μg/mL in 3 T3-L1 cells [5,6,21], HepG2 cells [3,4,42], human gastric epithelial cell [43], mouse melanoma cells [44] and rat primary hepatocytes [45]. Although this study did not provide direct cytotoxicity results, it is expected that there will be no cytotoxicity according to the results of our previous reports.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 44%

“…Through preliminary screening of uRCK extracts prepared by various extraction methods, we found that 5-uRCK had the highest vasorelaxant effect (data not shown). In addition, all our previous studies have indicated that 5-uRCK has the greatest antiobesity and antihypercholesterolemic effects of all tested uRCK extracts [3][4][5][6]. As shown in Fig.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 56%

“…The unripe R. coreanus fruits (specimen voucher number: BT-URCK001) used in this study were collected (May 2017) in Gochang County (Jeollabuk-do, Republic of Korea) and authenticated by Dr. Kim at B&Tech, Gwangju, South Korea. Extracts of the unripe R. coreanus were made using 20 volumes of 5% ethanol at 100°C for 4 h as described in our previous study [3][4][5][6]. The dried leaves of D. morbiferus (specimen voucher number: BT-DP001) used in this study were collected (December 2017) in Gangjin County (Jeollanam-do, Republic of Korea) and authenticated by Dr. Kim at B&Tech.…”

Section: Preparation Of Extractsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Unripe R. coreanus is a functional food or nutraceutical supplement that is useful for the prevention of noncommunicable diseases, especially cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). We previously reported the effects of a 5% ethanol extract of unripe R. coreanus (5-uRCK) on CVD-related diseases such as hyperlipidemia and obesity [3][4][5][6]. The effects of this extract may reduce the risk for CVDs, including hypertension, atherosclerosis, stroke and myocardial infarction.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Endothelium-dependent and endothelium-independent vasorelaxant effects of unripe Rubus coreanus Miq. and Dendropanax morbiferus H. Lév. extracts on rat aortic rings

Park

Lee

Kang

et al. 2020

BMC Complement Med Ther

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Background: Many clinical trials on antihypertensive drugs have confirmed the usefulness of these drugs in regulating blood pressure effectively. However, all the drugs usually require long-term use; thus, economic burdens as well as some adverse effects, including headache, diarrhea, skin rash, edema, fever, and liver and kidney dysfunction, accompany their use. Therefore, we attempted to identify natural medications for treating hypertension. We investigated the antihypertensive effects of Dendropanax morbiferus H. Lév. extract (DP), enzymatically hydrolyzed DP extract (Hy-DP) and 5% unripe Rubus coreanus Miq. ethanol extract (5-uRCK). Methods: Extracts of the unripe R. coreanus were made using 20 volumes of 5% ethanol at 100°C for 4 h. The dried leaves of D. morbiferus were subjected to enzymatic hydrolysis by protease, trypsin, bromelain and papain to increase Larginine and GABA levels. Vasorelaxant effects of these extracts were evaluated on rat aorta precontracted with phenylephrine. In addition, hippocampal neurons, RAW 264.7 macrophages and human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) were used to exam nitric oxide (NO) production and NO synthase (NOS) gene expression. Results: DP, Hy-DP and 5-uRCK dose-dependently relaxed isolated rat aortic rings contracted with phenylephrine; however, Hy-DP was more effective than DP. L-NAME and ODQ differentially inhibited Hy-DP-and 5-uRCK-induced relaxation; both L-NAME and ODQ completely blocked 5-uRCK-mediated relaxation. Endothelium-denuded aortic ring relaxation was induced much less by 5-uRCK than by Hy-DP. Therefore, 5-uRCK and Hy-DP induced vascular relaxation by endothelium-dependent and partially endothelium-dependent mechanisms, respectively. Hy-DP and 5-uRCK induced eNOS gene expression and NO production in endothelial cells but did not change iNOS/nNOS expression or NO production in macrophages or neuronal cells. Both Hy-DP and 5-uRCK effectively induced vascular relaxation via similar but slightly different mechanisms. The best effective combination was investigated after mixing Hy-DP and 5-uRCK at different ratios. The 2:1 Hy-DP:5-uRCK mixture inhibited ACE, cGMP-and cAMP-dependent phosphodiesterase activity and vascular relaxation better than the other mixtures.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 44%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 56%

Section: Preparation Of Extractsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Endothelium-dependent and endothelium-independent vasorelaxant effects of unripe Rubus coreanus Miq. and Dendropanax morbiferus H. Lév. extracts on rat aortic rings

Park

Lee

Kang

et al. 2020

BMC Complement Med Ther

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“…The properties of the primers using the single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) and insertion and deletion (INDEL)-based markers at rp l16 and trn G– trn S intragenic spacer regions confirmed that the test product was R. coreanus. Experimental products were manufactured according to Good Manufacturing Practice (GMP) by BCL Bio Co., Ltd. (Jincheon-gun, Chungcheongbuk-do, Korea) and examined in vivo and in vitro [ 31 – 33 ]. For dose-escalation experiments, the effects of the test extract were investigated by feeding C57BL/6 mice a high-cholesterol diet in a previous study conducted by the authors.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The cholesterol-lowering effect of unripe Rubus coreanus is associated with decreased oxidized LDL and apolipoprotein B levels in subjects with borderline-high cholesterol levels: a randomized controlled trial

et al. 2020

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Background Rubus coreanus ( R. coreanus ) possesses properties that may decrease cholesterol levels. Methods The effects of unripe R. coreanus (uRC) consumption on low-density lipoprotein (LDL) and total cholesterol levels related to decreased circulating apolipoprotein (Apo) B and oxidized LDL levels were evaluated. This randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study included subjects with borderline-high cholesterol levels (between 200 and 239 mg/dL) who consumed one capsule daily containing 600 mg of freeze-dried uRC extract ( n = 39) or the placebo ( n = 38). Results After 12 weeks, the uRC group showed reductions of 21.23 ± 4.36 mg/dL in total cholesterol levels ( P = 0.007) and 15.61 ± 4.16 mg/dL in LDL cholesterol levels ( P = 0.032). In addition, significantly greater reductions in Apo B levels were observed in the uRC group (− 3.48 ± 3.40 mg/dL), but Apo B levels were increased in the placebo group (6.21 ± 2.84 mg/dL; P = 0.032). Furthermore, a remarkably lower oxidized LDL level was detected in the uRC group (57.76 ± 2.07 U/L) than in the placebo group (66.09 ± 3.47 U/L) after 12 weeks of consumption ( P = 0.044). Conclusions Because of its cholesterol-lowering effect, uRC shows great promise as a therapeutic agent for subjects with borderline-high total blood cholesterol levels. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT03649620 (8/28/2018, retrospectively registered).

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Antioxidant and anti-fatigue effects of abalone (Haliotis discus hannai) composites containing natural plants

Lee¹,

Oh²,

Kang³

et al. 2015

Korean Journal of Food Preservation

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Effects of Unripe Rubus coreanus Miquel Extract on Improvement of Lipid Metabolism in C57BL/6 Mice Fed a High-Cholesterol Diet

Cited by 13 publications

References 12 publications

Endothelium-dependent and endothelium-independent vasorelaxant effects of unripe Rubus coreanus Miq. and Dendropanax morbiferus H. Lév. extracts on rat aortic rings

Endothelium-dependent and endothelium-independent vasorelaxant effects of unripe Rubus coreanus Miq. and Dendropanax morbiferus H. Lév. extracts on rat aortic rings

The cholesterol-lowering effect of unripe Rubus coreanus is associated with decreased oxidized LDL and apolipoprotein B levels in subjects with borderline-high cholesterol levels: a randomized controlled trial

Antioxidant and anti-fatigue effects of abalone (Haliotis discus hannai) composites containing natural plants

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