Effects of uniconazole on the physiological characteristics and cadmium accumulation of Cyphomandra betacea seedlings

Abstract

To determine if the uniconazole concentration(s) whether could enhance the cadmium (Cd) tolerance of Cyphomandra betacea seedlings, the effects of spray treatments with various uniconazole concentrations (0, 5, 10, 20, and 50 mg/L) on the physiological characteristics and Cd accumulation of C. betacea seedlings were studied in a hydroponic experiment. The results indicated that uniconazole significantly decreased the Cd content of C. betacea seedling stems, leaves, and shoots, but significantly increased the biomass of all analyzed seedling parts. Additionally, the leaf chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, and carotenoid contents as well as the net photosynthetic rate, transpiration rate, stomatal conductance, and CO 2 concentration of intercellular were higher for the uniconazole-treated C. betacea seedlings than for the control seedlings. The optimal uniconazole concentration significantly promoted the superoxide dismutase, peroxidase, and catalase activities and the soluble protein content of C. betacea leaves. Moreover, uniconazole decreased the soluble sugar content of the C. betacea roots and stems, but had the opposite effect on the soluble sugar content of the leaves and shoots. The 20 mg/L uniconazole treatment resulted in the highest C. betacea seedling biomass and the lowest Cd content, indicating this concentration may be useful for improving C. betacea seedling growth in Cd-contaminated soils.

Study on Reaction Mechanism and Process Safety for Epoxidation

“…Epoxidation of alkenes is a very important oxidation reaction, which aims to form an epoxide compound by adding one atom of oxygen between the carbon atoms at both ends of the double bond of alkenes . The Epoxide compound is one of the most valuable compounds in the pharmaceutical and spice industries. − In addition, it has an active ternary epoxy structure, which is prone to ring-opening reactions under various conditions, resulting in high-value-added chemical products and intermediates. , At present, the traditional epoxidation methods are mostly used in industry, the halogen alcohol method and peroxide acid method are mainly used to prepare epoxide compounds . The halogen alcohol method was widely used in the early industrial preparation of Epoxide, but its synthesis process was complicated, and the separation and treatment of byproducts were difficult and then caused serious environmental pollution.…”

Widely targeted metabolite profiling of mango stem apex during floral induction by compond of mepiquat chloride, prohexadione-calcium and uniconazole

“…Mepiquat chloride promotes cotton lateral root formation by inhibiting GA biosynthesis and signal transduction ( Wu et al, 2019 ). More importantly, they have the characteristics of low toxicity and low residue in soil ( Basak & Rademacher, 2000 ; Bazzi et al, 2003 ; Li et al, 2012 ; Dong, Zhu & Chen, 2021 ; Huang et al, 2021 ). The effect of uniconazole is 4–10 times higher than that of paclobutrazol, but its residue in soil is only 1/10 of that of paclobutrazol ( Gilbertz, 1992 ; Barrett & Nell, 1992 ; Sellmer et al, 1999 ).…”