Effects of ungulate grazers on arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiosis and fungal community structure in tallgrass prairie

Eom, Ahn-Heum; Wilson, Gail W. T.; Hartnett, David C.

doi:10.1080/00275514.2001.12063153

Cited by 68 publications

(65 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…Corresponding Editor: J. N. Klironomos. 3 E-mail: trmurray@syr.edu grassland processes. Large herbivores have been shown to influence grassland plant species composition (Milchunas andLaurenroth 1993, Frank 2005) and production (McNaughton 1985, Frank andMcNaughton 1993), soil moisture (McNaughton 1985), and the availability of nutrients (Frank and Groffman 1998), all of which affect the composition and function of AMF species (Eom et al 2000(Eom et al , 2001. Several field studies have reported that large herbivores influence AMF community composition (Bethlenfalvay and Dakessian 1984, Bethlenfalvay et al 1988, Frank et al 2003.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Several field studies have reported that large herbivores influence AMF community composition (Bethlenfalvay and Dakessian 1984, Bethlenfalvay et al 1988, Frank et al 2003. In a tallgrass ecosystem, for example, cattle grazing shifted AMF community composition, presumably as a result of variation in the ability of individual AMF species to tolerate C limitation, which may have changed the competitiveness of AMF species (Eom et al 2001). These shifts in AMF community composition may have important effects on plants, because AMF species vary in their ability to capture and deliver nutrients to their hosts (Vogelsang et al 2006, Pringle andBever 2008).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The response of AMF to herbivory often depends on the type of herbivore and intensity of grazing (Wearn and Gange 2007). Highintensity grazing has resulted in reduced root colonization, sporulation, and AMF species diversity (Eom et al 2001, Wamberg et al 2003) and has been linked to C limitation Whitham 2002, Gange 2007) in several studies. Under moderate grazing, AMF colonization has responded positively to herbivory (Eom et al 2001, Wamberg et al 2003.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Highintensity grazing has resulted in reduced root colonization, sporulation, and AMF species diversity (Eom et al 2001, Wamberg et al 2003) and has been linked to C limitation Whitham 2002, Gange 2007) in several studies. Under moderate grazing, AMF colonization has responded positively to herbivory (Eom et al 2001, Wamberg et al 2003. The important, interactive roles of plant and AMF composition, herbivory, and soil characteristics in regulating plant-AMF relationships, soil-nutrient availability, and primary productivity within ecosystems are only beginning to be understood (Gehring and Whitham 2002, Hartnett and Wilson 2002, Rillig 2004.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Ungulate and topographic control of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal spore community composition in a temperate grassland

Murray

Frank

Gehring

2010

Ecology

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Large herbivores and topo-edaphic gradients are well-documented, major determinants of grassland plant production and species composition. In contrast, there is limited information about how these factors together may influence the composition of the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus (AMF) communities associated with plants. AMF are a common component of grassland ecosystems where they can influence plant productivity, diversity, and soil stability. In this study, AMF community composition was analyzed in paired plots located inside and outside 40-44-year-old ungulate exclosures at six grassland sites in Yellowstone National Park (YNP), USA, that varied in soil moisture and the availability of soil nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P). AMF spore abundance, species richness, and the relative abundance of AMF species were determined from soil samples collected (1) randomly (n = 5 samples) within each of the 12 plots and (2) from beneath the dominant grass (n = 5 samples per plot) at each site. Randomly collected soil samples explored the effects of ungulates and topographic position on AMF composition at the plant community level, subsuming potential effects of ungulates on plant species composition. Dominant plant samples examined how grazers, in particular, influenced AMF communities, while controlling for host-plant identity. Grazing decreased AMF spore abundance across the landscape (examined by random sampling) but increased the AMF species richness associated with dominant plants. Grazing influenced the AMF species composition at the plant community level and at the host-plant level by shifting the relative abundances of individual AMF species. Individual AMF species responded differently to grazing and N and P availability. Our results demonstrate how soil moisture and N and P availability across the landscape interact with grazing to influence AMF species composition.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Ungulate and topographic control of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal spore community composition in a temperate grassland

Murray

Frank

Gehring

2010

Ecology

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“…Additionally, archaeophytes show weak or no responsiveness towards AM fungi, which contrasts with the responses of native and neophyte species. This may be explained by their close association with agricultural habitats, as management practices such as tillage (Jansa et al 2002), grazing (Eom et al 2001) or fertilization (Johnson 1993, Oehl et al 2003) are known to inhibit or disrupt existing mycorrhizal networks and associations. Therefore, plant retention of the symbiosis in agricultural habitats with steady supplies of N and P potentially becomes less beneficial.…”

Section: The Geographical Range Of Archaeophytes Is Not Affected By Tmentioning

confidence: 99%

Widely distributed native and alien plant species differ in arbuscular mycorrhizal associations and related functional trait interactions

et al. 2018

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It is debated whether alien plants in new environments benefit from being mycorrhizal and whether widely distributed natives and aliens differ in their associations with mycorrhizal fungi. Here, we compared whether species differing in their origin status, i.e. natives, archaeophytes (alien species introduced before the year 1500) and neophytes (introduced after the year 1500), and arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) status (obligate, facultative, non‐mycorrhizal) differ in their area of occupancy in Germany (i.e. number of occupied grid cells, each ~130 km²). We used generalized linear models, incorporating main effects and up to three‐way interactions combining AM status, origin status and plant functional traits. The latter were chosen to describe the possible trade‐off in carbon allocation either towards the symbiosis or to other plant structures, such as storage organs (significant interactions involving traits were assumed to indicate the existence of such trade‐offs). AM status significantly explained the area of occupancy of natives and neophytes – with facultative mycorrhizal species occupying the largest area in both groups – but was less pronounced among archaeophytes. Archaeophytes may have reduced dependency on AM fungi, as they are generally agricultural weeds and the symbiosis potentially becomes obsolete for plants growing in habitats providing a steady provision of nutrients. Trait interactions between AM status and other functional traits were almost exclusively detected for neophytes. While facultative mycorrhizal neophytes benefit from trade‐offs with other traits related to high C cost in terms of area of occupancy, such trade‐offs were almost absent among natives. This indicates that natives and neophytes benefit differently from the symbiosis and suggests that native AM fungal partners might be less important for neophytic than for native plant species or that more time is required to establish similar relationships between neophytes and native fungal symbionts.

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Spore traits mediate disturbance effects on arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal community composition and mutualisms

Hopkins

Bennett

2023

Ecology

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Trait‐based approaches in ecology are powerful tools for understanding how organisms interact with their environment. These approaches show particular promise in disturbance and community ecology contexts for understanding how disturbances like prescribed fire and bison grazing influence interactions between mutualists like arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi and their plant hosts. In this work we examined how disturbance effects on AM fungal spore community composition and mutualisms were mediated by selection for specific functional spore traits at both the species and community level. We tested these questions by analyzing AM fungal spore communities and traits from a frequently burned and grazed (bison) tallgrass prairie system and using these spores to inoculate a plant growth response experiment. Selection for darker, pigmented AM fungal spores, changes in the abundance and volume of individual AM fungal taxa, and altered sporulation, were indicators of fire and grazing effects on AM fungal community composition. Disturbance associated changes in AM fungal community composition were then correlated with altered growth responses of Schizachyrium scoparium grass. Our work shows that utilization of trait‐based approaches in ecology can clarify the mechanisms that underly belowground responses to disturbance, and provide a useful framework for understanding interactions between organisms and their environment.

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Effects of ungulate grazers on arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiosis and fungal community structure in tallgrass prairie

Cited by 68 publications

References 41 publications

Ungulate and topographic control of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal spore community composition in a temperate grassland

Ungulate and topographic control of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal spore community composition in a temperate grassland

Widely distributed native and alien plant species differ in arbuscular mycorrhizal associations and related functional trait interactions

Spore traits mediate disturbance effects on arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal community composition and mutualisms

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