Effects of unaccustomed downhill running on muscle damage, oxidative stress, and leukocyte apoptosis

Park, Kyung-Shin; Man-Gyoon, Lee

doi:10.5717/jenb.2015.15050702

Cited by 23 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 46 publications

(69 reference statements)

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“…Conversely, Bloomer et al [ 20 ] reported no significantly increased CK activity following eccentric exercise. This finding is in agreement with the findings by Atashak et al [ 19 ], another study [ 36 ] with a similar exercise protocol, following a 40 min downhill running, and Tsuchiya et al [ 23 ] after an eccentric protocol with a similar dose but longer supplementation period (8 weeks).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

The effect of Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid supplementation on exercise-induced muscle damage

Kyriakidou

Wood

Ferrier

et al. 2021

Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition

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Background Exercise-induced muscle damage (EIMD) results in transient muscle inflammation, strength loss, muscle soreness and may cause subsequent exercise avoidance. Omega-3 (n-3) supplementation may minimise EIMD via its anti-inflammatory properties, however, its efficacy remains unclear. Methods Healthy males (n = 14, 25.07 ± 4.05 years) were randomised to 3 g/day n-3 supplementation (N-3, n = 7) or placebo (PLA, n = 7). Following 4 weeks supplementation, a downhill running protocol (60 min, 65% V̇O2max, − 10% gradient) was performed. Creatine kinase (CK), interleukin (IL)-6 and tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-α, perceived muscle soreness, maximal voluntary isometric contraction (MVIC) and peak power were quantified pre, post, and 24, 48 and 72 h post-EIMD. Results Muscle soreness was significantly lower in N-3 vs PLA group at 24 h post-EIMD (p = 0.034). IL-6 was increased in PLA (p = 0.009) but not in N-3 (p = 0.434) following EIMD, however, no significant differences were noted between groups. Peak power was significantly suppressed in PLA relative to pre-EIMD but not in N-3 group at 24 h post-EIMD. However, no significant difference in peak power output was observed between groups. MVIC, CK and TNF-α were altered by EIMD but did not differ between groups. Conclusion N-3 supplementation for 4 weeks may successfully attenuate minor aspects of EIMD. Whilst not improving performance, these findings may have relevance to soreness-associated exercise avoidance.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

The effect of Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid supplementation on exercise-induced muscle damage

Kyriakidou

Wood

Ferrier

et al. 2021

Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition

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“…We also measured oxidative stress (ie, d‐ROMs) and oxidative elimination ability (ie, BAP); however, these factors did not change over time and no significant difference was found between the CUR and PLA trials or between the experimental trials. In previous studies, oxidative stress markers significantly increased after whole body exercise, such as downhill running . One study reported that the product of oxidative stress was significantly suppressed by ingesting CUR .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…In previous studies, oxidative stress markers significantly increased after whole body exercise, such as downhill running. 34,35 One study reported that the product of oxidative stress was significantly suppressed by ingesting CUR. 33 Therefore, it is possible that the change in d-ROMs and BAP could not be detected by the exercise protocol used in this study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of oral curcumin ingested before or after eccentric exercise on markers of muscle damage and inflammation

Tanabe

Chino

Ohnishi

et al. 2019

Scandinavian Med Sci Sports

131

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We examined the effect of curcumin (CUR) ingestion before or after exercise on changes in muscle damage and inflammatory responses after exercise. We conducted two parallel experiments with different CUR ingestion timings using a double‐blind crossover. In Exp. 1, ten healthy men ingested 180 mg d−1 of CUR or placebo (PLA) 7 days before exercise. In Exp. 2, ten other healthy men ingested 180 mg d−1 of CUR or PLA 7 days after exercise. They performed 30 maximal isokinetic (120°s−1) eccentric contractions of the elbow flexors using an isokinetic dynamometer, and this was repeated with the other arm ≥4 weeks later. Maximal voluntary contraction (MVC) torque of the elbow flexors, elbow joint range of motion (ROM), muscle soreness, and serum creatine kinase (CK) activity were measured before, immediately after, and 1‐7 days after exercise. Plasma interleukin‐8 (IL‐8) was measured before, immediately after, 12 hours after, and 1‐7 days after exercise. The changes were compared over time. In Exp. 1, no significant differences were found between CUR and PLA subjects for each parameter. However, increases in IL‐8 were significantly reduced 12 hours after exercise when CUR was ingested before exercise. In Exp. 2, compared to the PLA subjects, MVC torque and ROM were higher 3‐7 days and 2‐7 days after exercise (P < 0.05), respectively, whereas muscle soreness and CK activity were lower 3‐6 days and 5‐7 days after exercise (P < 0.05), respectively, in CUR subjects. CUR ingestion before exercise could attenuate acute inflammation, and after exercise could attenuate muscle damage and facilitate faster recovery.

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“…However, other training stimuli could also be applied. For example, high volume drop jump sessions (≥100 jumps) [ 223 , 224 , 225 , 226 , 227 , 228 ], or in general exercises with an increased volume of stretch-lengthening cycle movements [ 229 ], prolonged moderate to high intensity running [ 196 , 230 , 231 ], cycling [ 232 , 233 , 234 , 235 ], and downhill running [ 236 , 237 , 238 , 239 , 240 ], have been repeatedly reported to induce significant EIMD, lasting for more than 72–96 h post-training. Although traditional resistance training (e.g., 60–80% of 1RM, 4–8 sets per exercise) can induce also EIMD [ 241 , 242 , 243 ] and trigger immune [ 244 , 245 , 246 , 247 , 248 , 249 ] and inflammation-related molecules (e.g., cytokines and chemokines) responses [ 245 , 246 , 247 , 248 , 249 , 250 , 251 , 252 ], the extent of EIMD is limited or significantly lower and with shorter duration than the above type of exercises, especially compared to eccentric training [ 74 , 117 , 202 , ...…”

Section: Exercise-induced Muscle Damage and Its Methodological Advmentioning

confidence: 99%

Can Exercise-Induced Muscle Damage Be a Good Model for the Investigation of the Anti-Inflammatory Properties of Diet in Humans?

et al. 2021

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Subclinical, low-grade, inflammation is one of the main pathophysiological mechanisms underlying the majority of chronic and non-communicable diseases. Several methodological approaches have been applied for the assessment of the anti-inflammatory properties of nutrition, however, their impact in human body remains uncertain, because of the fact that the majority of the studies reporting anti-inflammatory effect of dietary patterns, have been performed under laboratory settings and/or in animal models. Thus, the extrapolation of these results to humans is risky. It is therefore obvious that the development of an inflammatory model in humans, by which we could induce inflammatory responses to humans in a regulated, specific, and non-harmful way, could greatly facilitate the estimation of the anti-inflammatory properties of diet in a more physiological way and mechanistically relevant way. We believe that exercise-induced muscle damage (EIMD) could serve as such a model, either in studies investigating the homeostatic responses of individuals under inflammatory stimuli or for the estimation of the anti-inflammatory or pro-inflammatory potential of dietary patterns, foods, supplements, nutrients, or phytochemicals. Thus, in this review we discuss the possibility of exercise-induced muscle damage being an inflammation model suitable for the assessment of the anti-inflammatory properties of diet in humans.

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Effects of unaccustomed downhill running on muscle damage, oxidative stress, and leukocyte apoptosis

Cited by 23 publications

References 46 publications

The effect of Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid supplementation on exercise-induced muscle damage

The effect of Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid supplementation on exercise-induced muscle damage

Effects of oral curcumin ingested before or after eccentric exercise on markers of muscle damage and inflammation

Can Exercise-Induced Muscle Damage Be a Good Model for the Investigation of the Anti-Inflammatory Properties of Diet in Humans?

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