Effects of Ultraviolet Radiation on Diel Vertical Migration of Crustacean Zooplankton: An in situ Mesocosm Experiment

Fischer, Janet M.; Nicolai, Jaclyn L.; Williamson, Craig E.; Persaud, Anurani D.; Lockwood, Ryan S.

doi:10.1007/s10750-005-0007-x

Cited by 49 publications

(41 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…In subsequent in situ experiments of a similar design in two lakes of differing transparency, UV stimulated a stronger downward migration in D. catawba than in diaptomid copepods or the cyclopoid copepod Cyclops scutifer in the more transparent lake, while no response to UV was observed in any of the zooplankton in the less transparent lake (Leech et al 2005a). In longerterm field experiments in 8-m-deep mesocosms that were either exposed to or shielded from UV, D. catawba showed a significant downward migration in response to UV, while the copepod L. minutus was more deeply distributed during day than at night but did not show a significant response to UV (Fischer et al 2006). Similarly, manipulation of UV in 3-m-deep field enclosures revealed no significant change in the daytime vertical distribution of the marine copepod Acartia hudsonica (Bollens and Frost 1990).…”

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confidence: 95%

Toward a more comprehensive theory of zooplankton diel vertical migration: Integrating ultraviolet radiation and water transparency into the biotic paradigm

Williamson

Fischer

Bollens

et al. 2011

Limnology & Oceanography

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185

202

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The current prevailing theory of diel vertical migration (DVM) of zooplankton is focused largely on two biotic drivers: food and predation. Yet recent evidence suggests that abiotic drivers such as damaging ultraviolet (UV) radiation and temperature are also important. Here we integrate current knowledge on the effects of abiotic factors on DVM with the current biologically based paradigm to develop a more comprehensive framework for understanding DVM in zooplankton. We focus on ''normal'' (down during the day, up at night) DVM of holoplanktonic, primarily herbivorous zooplankton. This new transparency-regulator hypothesis differentiates between structural drivers, such as temperature and food, that vary little over a 24-h period and dynamic drivers, such as damaging UV radiation and visual predation, that show strong variation over a 24-h period. This hypothesis emphasizes the central role of water transparency in regulating these major drivers of DVM. In less transparent systems, temperature and food are often optimal in the surface waters, visual predators are abundant, and UV radiation levels are low. In contrast, in more transparent systems, vertical thermal gradients tend to be more gradual, food quality and quantity are higher in deeper waters, and visual predator abundance is often lower and damaging UV radiation higher in the surface waters. This transparency-regulator hypothesis provides a more versatile theoretical framework to explain variation in DVM across waters of differing transparency. This hypothesis also enables clearer predictions of how the wide range of ongoing transparency-altering local, regional, and global environmental changes can be expected to influence DVM patterns in both inland and oceanic waters of the world.Diel vertical migrations (DVM) of zooplankton in the world's lakes and oceans comprise some of the most widespread and massive migrations of animals on Earth. These striking migrations across strong vertical habitat gradients have inspired numerous ecological and evolutionary studies addressing mechanisms of habitat selection and consequences for species interactions. These migrations also have important implications for water quality and fisheries production as well as biogeochemical cycling. Natural and anthropogenic environmental changes, such as shifting local land use patterns and regional to global climate change, are altering water transparency and have the potential to affect DVM in lakes and oceans worldwide. The purpose of this article is to provide a common theoretical framework for understanding variation in the drivers of DVM across transparency gradients with a particular emphasis on recent advances in our understanding of the role of ultraviolet radiation (UV).Many environmental factors are recognized as providing both important proximate cues as well as ultimate consequences of adaptive significance for DVM, including light, temperature, food availability, and predation pressures (Table 1; Lampert 1989;Ringelberg 1993;Hays 2003). In spite of the wides...

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confidence: 95%

Toward a more comprehensive theory of zooplankton diel vertical migration: Integrating ultraviolet radiation and water transparency into the biotic paradigm

Williamson

Fischer

Bollens

et al. 2011

Limnology & Oceanography

Self Cite

185

202

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“…As daphnids actively recognize the presence of harmful UVR through their compound eyes (Smith and Macagno, 1990), their first initial behavioral response is the flight into deeper waters ( Figure 2C; Leech and Williamson, 2001;Rhode et al, 2001;Fischer et al, 2006;Williamson et al, 2011). By doing so, they effectively eliminate potential metabolic harm from UVR (Häder and Sinha, 2005).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Water Browning Influences the Behavioral Effects of Ultraviolet Radiation on Zooplankton

Wolf

Heuschele

2018

Front. Ecol. Evol.

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In the last decades, limnic water bodies in the Northern hemisphere have experienced a noticeable browning, i.e., increasing levels of dissolved organic matter (DOM). While the effects on primary producers is usually considered negative (light attenuation), zooplankton is thought to benefit from increased DOM, which absorbs harmful ultraviolet radiation (UVR). However, behavioral alterations due to browning in zooplankton have not yet been studied. We investigated the effects of a DOM gradient, alone and in combination with UVR, on the swimming behavior of Daphnia magna. Making use of a computer-controlled imaging system, we repeatedly filmed individuals over 6 h and analyzed the video material to unravel effects on exploration behavior and other motility patterns. The results show that increasing DOM buffers the detrimental effects of UVR on swimming behavior. This is likely due to attenuation of UVR by DOM. Interestingly, DOM also raised the overall swimming activity independent of UVR exposure. Our findings highlight the importance of DOM in freshwater systems, not only because of its physico-chemical properties, but also due to its higher-level effects on zooplankton communities.

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“…Life stages of a variety of species including pelagic fish and zooplankton can be found within this photic zone in the water column, and, thus have developed numerous strategies for ameliorating the effects of UVR exposure. These include the accumulation of protective pigments from dietary sources, rapid onset of melanin pigments, and behavioral strategies such as diurnal vertical migration [45]- [49].…”

Section: Synergistic Effects Of Natural and Anthropogenic Stressorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Deepwater Horizon Oil Spill as a Case Study for Interdisciplinary Cooperation within Developmental Biology, Environmental Sciences and Physiology

Burggren¹,

Dubansky²,

Roberts³

et al. 2015

WJET

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The Deepwater Horizon Oil Spill in the USA's Gulf of Mexico created a high degree of exposure of marine organisms to toxic polyaromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) present in crude oil. To determine the ecological and physiological effects of crude oil on the Gulf of Mexico ecosystem, the Gulf of Mexico Research Initiative created several research consortia to address overreaching questions concerning the biological impacts of the ecology of the Gulf of Mexico that would otherwise be beyond the capabilities of an individual investigator or a small group. One of these consortia, highlighted in this article, is the RECOVER Consortium, which brings together physiologists, developmental biologists, toxicologists and other life scientists to focus on the multifaceted physiological effects of PAHs, especially as they pertain to cardiovascular and metabolic physiology of economically important fish species. Using the Recover Consortium's interdisciplinary approach to revealing the biological impacts of the Deepwater Horizon Oil Spill as a case study, we make the argument for interdisciplinary teams that bring together scientists with different specialties as an efficient way-and perhaps the only way-to unravel highly complex biological effects of marine oil spills.

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Effects of Ultraviolet Radiation on Diel Vertical Migration of Crustacean Zooplankton: An in situ Mesocosm Experiment

Cited by 49 publications

References 24 publications

Toward a more comprehensive theory of zooplankton diel vertical migration: Integrating ultraviolet radiation and water transparency into the biotic paradigm

Toward a more comprehensive theory of zooplankton diel vertical migration: Integrating ultraviolet radiation and water transparency into the biotic paradigm

Water Browning Influences the Behavioral Effects of Ultraviolet Radiation on Zooplankton

Deepwater Horizon Oil Spill as a Case Study for Interdisciplinary Cooperation within Developmental Biology, Environmental Sciences and Physiology

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