Effects of Ultraviolet Radiation on DNA

Kiefer, Jürgen

doi:10.1007/978-3-540-71414-9_3

Cited by 19 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 50 publications

(44 reference statements)

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“…UV radiation emanating from the sun is the leading cause of skin cancers in humans [Davies, ; KIEFER, ]. Typically, UV radiation is categorized into three classes based on the range of wavelength: UV‐C (190–290 nm), UV‐B (290–320 nm), and UV‐A (320–400nm).…”

Section: Exogenous Dna Damagementioning

confidence: 99%

“…UV‐C is widely used in laboratory investigations because of its maximal absorption by DNA, producing more photoproducts than the UV‐A and UV‐B radiations, which are also physiologically relevant UV wavelengths that also cause DNA damage [KIEFER, ]. UV‐B for instance causes the formation of pyrimidine dimers, but does so less efficiently than UV‐C [You et al, ; Errol C. Friedberg, 2005; Rastogi et al, ].…”

Section: Exogenous Dna Damagementioning

confidence: 99%

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Mechanisms of DNA damage, repair, and mutagenesis

Chatterjee

Walker

2017

Environ and Mol Mutagen

1,333

995

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Living organisms are continuously exposed to a myriad of DNA damaging agents that can impact health and modulate disease-states. However, robust DNA repair and damage-bypass mechanisms faithfully protect the DNA by either removing or tolerating the damage to ensure an overall survival. Deviations in this fine-tuning are known to destabilize cellular metabolic homeostasis, as exemplified in diverse cancers where disruption or deregulation of DNA repair pathways results in genome instability. Because routinely used biological, physical and chemical agents impact human health, testing their genotoxicity and regulating their use have become important. In this introductory review, we will delineate mechanisms of DNA damage and the counteracting repair/tolerance pathways to provide insights into the molecular basis of genotoxicity in cells that lays the foundation for subsequent articles in this issue.

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Section: Exogenous Dna Damagementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Exogenous Dna Damagementioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanisms of DNA damage, repair, and mutagenesis

Chatterjee

Walker

2017

Environ and Mol Mutagen

1,333

995

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“…The more likely explanation, however, is associated with the steady‐state process of CPD induction, i.e. the photochemical splitting of the lesions, which may occur at higher UV fluencies (Kiefer ). Similar saturation in the dose–response curve has been reported in UV‐C irradiated mammalian cells, and moreover at CPD frequencies comparable to what we have estimated in barley (Perdiz et al ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Efficient removal of cyclobutane pyrimidine dimers in barley: differential contribution of light‐dependent and dark DNA repair pathways

Manova

Georgieva

Borisov

et al. 2016

Physiologia Plantarum

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Barley stress response to ultraviolet radiation (UV) has been intensively studied at both the physiological and morphological level. However, the ability of barley genome to repair UV-induced lesions at the DNA level is far less characterized. In this study, we have investigated the relative contribution of light-dependent and dark DNA repair pathways for the efficient elimination of cyclobutane pyrimidine dimers (CPDs) from the genomic DNA of barley leaf seedlings. The transcriptional activity of barley CPD photolyase gene in respect to the light-growth conditions and UV-C irradiation of the plants has also been analyzed. Our results show that CPDs induced in the primary barley leaf at frequencies potentially damaging DNA at the single-gene level are removed efficiently and exclusively by photorepair pathway, whereas dark repair is hardly detectable, even at higher CPD frequency. A decrease of initially induced CPDs under dark is observed but only after prolonged incubation, suggesting the activation of light-independent DNA damage repair and/or tolerance mechanisms. The green barley seedlings possess greater capacity for CPD photorepair than the etiolated ones, with efficiency of CPD removal dependent on the intensity and quality of recovering light. The higher repair rate of CPDs measured in the green leaves correlates with the higher transcriptional activity of barley CPD photolyase gene. Visible light and UV-C radiation affect differentially the expression of CPD photolyase gene particularly in the etiolated leaves. We propose that the CPD repair potential of barley young seedlings may influence their response to UV-stress.

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“…Attempts to relate UV inactivation action spectra for spores to the general absorption spectra of DNA and other materials within spores have focused largely on water disinfection, considered less than the full solar UV spectrum or nonsolar broadband irradiation, and demonstrated limited success. (Mamane-Gravetz et al , 2005; Keifer, 2007; Chen et al , 2009).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Predicting Inactivation of Bacillus subtilis Spores Exposed to Broadband and Solar Ultraviolet Light

Handler

2019

Environmental Engineering Science

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This study develops general predictive models for the ultraviolet (UV) radiation dose–response behavior of Bacillus subtilis spores to solar UV irradiation that occurs in the environment and broadband UV irradiation used in water disinfection systems. The approach is demonstrated using previously obtained experimental survival rates for B. subtilis spores deposited on dry surfaces as well as in water and exposed to both narrow band UV radiation as well as broadband UV irradiation from solar exposure and disinfectant lamps. Results are modeled to derive predicted survival rates for spores as a function of irradiance intensity and wavelength, capability for repair, and depletion of available sites for UV damage. The essential features of the approach are expression of the inactivation action spectrum in terms of the probability of an incident photon being absorbed and forming a dimer lesion, and expression of the spore survival as a cumulative binomial distribution for damage. The results provide increased accuracy in estimating dispersed biological hazards, and evaluating the effectiveness of UV air and water disinfectant systems. In addition, the approach for the first time explains the observed reduced inactivation rate in a repair-capable strain compared with a sensitive, repair-deficient strain by accounting for the depletion of available lesion-forming sites due to increasing DNA damage.

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Effects of Ultraviolet Radiation on DNA

Cited by 19 publications

References 50 publications

Mechanisms of DNA damage, repair, and mutagenesis

Mechanisms of DNA damage, repair, and mutagenesis

Efficient removal of cyclobutane pyrimidine dimers in barley: differential contribution of light‐dependent and dark DNA repair pathways

Predicting Inactivation of Bacillus subtilis Spores Exposed to Broadband and Solar Ultraviolet Light

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