Effects of Ultraviolet-B Radiation on Fish: Histologic Comparison of a UVB-Sensitive and a UVB-Tolerant Species

Blazer, Vicki S.; Fabacher, David L.; Little, Edward E.; Ewing, Margaret S.; Kocan, Katherine M.

doi:10.1577/1548-8667(1997)009<0132:eoubro>2.3.co;2

Cited by 78 publications

(46 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…On the other hand, dab eggs and embryos are pelagic and, in the less saline Baltic Sea, due to their specific weight, they drift in deeper water layers than in the more saline North Sea where they are located closer to the water surface (Nissling et al 2002). Therefore, the early life stages of North Sea dab may be less protected from an increasing impact of UV-B radiation (due to increasing global ozone depletion), which is known to affect pigmentation in various taxonomic groups, including fish (Blazer et al 1997, Jokinen et al 2000, Alemanni et al 2003. It can therefore not be excluded that increased UV-B radia-tion is responsible for the increase in prevalence of hyperpigmentation (Noguera et al 2013).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hyperpigmentation in North Sea dab Limanda limanda. I. Spatial and temporal patterns and host effects

Grütjen¹,

Lang²,

Feist³

et al. 2013

Dis. Aquat. Org.

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Hyperpigmentation is a term describing a specific pigment anomaly affecting common dab Limanda limanda in the North Sea and, less frequently, in adjacent areas, e.g. the English Channel, Irish and Celtic Seas, western Baltic Sea and Icelandic waters. Other North Sea flatfish species are also affected, but at a markedly lower prevalence. The condition is characterised by the occurrence of varying degrees of green to black patchy pigment spots in the skin of the upper (ocular) body side and pearly-white pigment spots in the skin of the lower (abocular) body side. In the course of fish disease monitoring programmes carried out by Germany and the UK (England and Scotland), a pronounced spatial pattern of hyperpigmentation has been detected in the North Sea. An increase in prevalence has been recorded in almost all North Sea areas studied in the past 2 decades. The prevalence recorded in hot spot areas of the condition increased from 5 to > 40% between 1988 and 2009. Analysis of the German data indicates that the prevalence and intensity (degree of discolouration) of hyperpigmentation increase with size and age, indicating a temporal progression of the condition with size and age. Intense hyperpigmentation is associated with increased growth (length) and decreased condition factor. Potential causes of the condition (UV-B radiation nutrition, water temperature increase, demographic changes) and, in particular, of the spatial/temporal patterns recorded as well as the relationship to host-specific factors (sex, age, length, growth, condition factor) are discussed.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hyperpigmentation in North Sea dab Limanda limanda. I. Spatial and temporal patterns and host effects

Grütjen¹,

Lang²,

Feist³

et al. 2013

Dis. Aquat. Org.

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“…Although the direct effects of exposure to UV radiation are likely minimal within the context of all the other environmental factors that cause very high levels of egg and larval mortality in marine organisms, studies have shown that UV-induced egg mortality could be as high as 32.5% for the planktonic copepod Calanus finmarchicus and considerably less (1.2%) for the Atlantic cod Gadus morhua in the waters of the estuary and Gulf of St. Lawrence, Canada (Browman et al, 2000). Other direct effects of UV exposure on fish eggs or larvae include malformation (Dong et al, 2007), retarded growth (Jokinen et al, 2008), lesion of skin, eyes, and brain (Blazer et al, 1997;McFadzen et al, 2000), and weakened immune system (Markkula et al, 2005, 2006). These pernicious effects may be higher for fish larvae that are often present in surface waters since UV-B (λ = 280-320 nm) exposure induces DNA damage in a variety of fish larvae such as Atlantic cod, northern anchovy Englausis mordax, icefish Cephalus aceratus and Japanese medaka Oryzias latipes (see Fukunishi et al, 2012 for references).…”

Section: Importance Of Light Radiation For Carotenoid Production and mentioning

confidence: 99%

Carotenoids in Aquatic Ecosystems and Aquaculture: A Colorful Business with Implications for Human Health

2017

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The colorful carotenoid pigments are known as biological active compounds that have beneficial effects on the metabolism of animals and humans. Carotenoids provide protection against several stressors, including UV radiation, reactive oxygen species and free radicals, have important roles in vision, and act as precursors of transcription regulators and in the immune system. Studies on human nutrition point to the relevance of consuming functional foods instead of supplementing the human diet with the desired nutrients. This stresses the importance of obtaining dietary items with high quality nutritional value for human consumption. The various biological roles of carotenoids in aquatic animals ascribes them a major role in aquaculture where they are routinely added to ensure the development and health of fish such as salmon, trout and red porgy, and of shellfish like shrimp and lobster. In aquaculture, it is widely recognized that fish larvae dramatically increase their survival rate when reared on live feeds (e.g., rotifers, Artemia sp. and copepods) containing carotenoids. Ultimately, pigmentation provided by carotenoids is one of the relevant quality attributes of the aquatic animal for consumer acceptability and market value. Appropriate feeds for aquaculture are thus required to provide the carotenoids necessary for the desired pigmentation. In this review, we discuss the role of carotenoids in aquatic food webs, both in the wild and in aquaculture, and its relevance for human health.

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“…For fishes, sunburn can be fatal, but different fish species (and even strains within a species) are differentially tolerant of UV exposure (Blazer et al 1997, Armstrong et al 2002. The epithelial mucus of coral reef fishes (n = 138 species) contains varying amounts of several 'sunscreen' compounds that absorb both UVB and UVA (320 to 400 nm) radiation (Zamzow & Losey 2002, J. P. Zamzow unpubl.).…”

Section: Resale or Republication Not Permitted Without Written Consenmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ultraviolet-absorbing compounds in the mucus of temperate Pacific tidepool sculpins: variation over local and geographic scales

Zamzow¹

2003

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

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Temperate tidepool fishes of the family Cottidae (Teleostei) display biogeographic distribution patterns that vary with latitude and elevation within the intertidal zone. Middle and high intertidal pool species show a pattern of 'species replacement', with southern species being replaced by northern species at discrete locations along the coast. Lower intertidal pools, on the other hand, are dominated by a single species, Oligocottus snyderi, that occurs over an extremely wide latitudinal range. As a consequence of both latitudinal and elevational patterns, these fish experience variable amounts of ultraviolet (UV, 280 to 400 nm) irradiation both between and within species. The mucus of tidepool sculpins was analyzed by absorbance spectrophotometry to compare concentrations of UV-absorbing compounds in the mucus of fish, with regard to geographic location or intertidal microhabitat. Mucus from northerly fishes absorbed significantly less UV than the mucus of southerly fishes. Overall, mucus from high intertidal pool fishes absorbed significantly more UV than mucus from middle or lower intertidal pool fishes, but differences were not detectable within a site. The mucus spectra of all fish surveyed contained a single UV absorption peak with maximum absorbance (λ max ) in the short-wavelength UVA (UVA = 320 to 400 nm, λ max range = 323 to 331 nm). Compounds with λ max in the UVB (280 to 320 nm) or longer-wavelength UVA (ca. 360 nm) were not found, although these compounds were present in 38 (UVB) and 59% (longer UVA) of tropical species' mucus (138 species surveyed). KEY WORDS: UV · Mycosporine-like amino acid · MAA · Mucus · Oligocottus · Clinocottus Resale or republication not permitted without written consent of the publisherMar Ecol Prog Ser 263: [169][170][171][172][173][174][175] 2003 damaging effects of UV radiation, particularly shorter UVB (280 to 320 nm) wavelengths, on fishes include cataracts, corneal damage, and epithelial 'sunburn' damage (Bullock 1982, Ahmed & Setlow 1993, Cullen & Monteith-McMaster 1993, Cullen et al. 1994. For fishes, sunburn can be fatal, but different fish species (and even strains within a species) are differentially tolerant of UV exposure (Blazer et al. 1997, Armstrong et al. 2002. The epithelial mucus of coral reef fishes (n = 138 species) contains varying amounts of several 'sunscreen' compounds that absorb both UVB and UVA (320 to 400 nm) radiation (Zamzow & Losey 2002, J. P. Zamzow unpubl.). The UV-absorbing compounds of one species, Thalassoma duperrey, have been identified by high-performance liquid chromatography as the mycosporine-like amino acids (MAAs) palythine (λ max [maxiumum absorbance] = 320 nm), palythinol (λ max = 332 nm), and asterina-330 (λ max = 330 nm, J. P. Zamzow unpubl.). These compounds, along with palythene at λ max = 360 nm, occur in the ocular tissues of coral reef fishes (Dunlap et al. 1989). The UVBabsorbing peak in coral reef fish mucus is presumed to arise from gadusol or deoxygadusol (λ max = 294 to 296 nm at pH > 7), compounds wh...

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Effects of Ultraviolet-B Radiation on Fish: Histologic Comparison of a UVB-Sensitive and a UVB-Tolerant Species

Cited by 78 publications

References 29 publications

Hyperpigmentation in North Sea dab Limanda limanda. I. Spatial and temporal patterns and host effects

Hyperpigmentation in North Sea dab Limanda limanda. I. Spatial and temporal patterns and host effects

Carotenoids in Aquatic Ecosystems and Aquaculture: A Colorful Business with Implications for Human Health

Ultraviolet-absorbing compounds in the mucus of temperate Pacific tidepool sculpins: variation over local and geographic scales

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