Effects of ultrasound on the synthesis of zeolites: a review

Askari, Sima; Alipour, Shayan Miar; Halladj, Rouein; Farahani, Mohammad Hossein Davood Abadi

doi:10.1007/s10934-012-9598-6

Cited by 95 publications

(40 citation statements)

References 84 publications

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“…The crystallization time was shortened due to improved crystallization kinetics, and the Si incorporation level was also lowered leading to relatively mild acidity . Additionally, Askari et al succeeded in the preparation of SAPO‐34 nanocrystals through sonochemical‐assisted hydrothermal synthesis . The generation of localized hot spots provided high temperature and pressure, which helped break the chemical bonds and accelerated the reaction.…”

Section: Synthesis and Optimization Of Sapo‐34 Catalystmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Progress in Methanol‐to‐Olefins (MTO) Catalysts

et al. 2019

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Among the 8-MR molecular sieves, silicoaluminophosphate SAPO-34 with 3D channels and moderate acid strength represents the most interesting one, the light olefins selectivity of which could reach up to 90% or even higher. [7] The excellent MTO performance of SAPO-34 was first reported by Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics (DICP) in 1990. [8] The researchers also demonstrated the good regeneration stability and high-temperature steam stability of Inspired by these pioneering discoveries, extensive research efforts have been devoted to SAPO-34 focusing on the elucidation of its crystallization mechanism, synthesis optimization, and the relevant catalytic studies, which greatly promote the technological development of the MTO process. Although SAPO-34 exhibits high catalytic activity and high selectivity toward light olefins, it suffers a rapid deactivation due to the coke deposition. Moreover, the MTO reaction on SAPO-34 catalyst is highly exothermal. These features determine that the industrial MTO process based on SAPO-34 catalyst has to adopt fluidized bed reactor, which allows efficient heat transfer and enables the continuous regeneration of the catalyst. In 2010, the world's first commercial MTO unit was successfully commissioned in Baotou, China by DICP (named DMTO technology). [5,10] The production capacity of ethylene and propylene is 0.6 Mt a −1 . To supply commercial catalysts for the DMTO unit, a 2000 t a −1 catalyst manufacturing plant was started up in Dalian in 2008. Afterward, DICP developed the DMTO-II technology, in which the byproducts of C 4 + are separated and introduced into a fluidized-bed cracking reactor to improve the yields of ethylene and propylene. Both the cracking unit and the MTO unit share one regenerator and use the same catalyst. By the end of 2018, thirteen DMTO units have been put into operation with a total production capacity of 7.16 Mt a −1 . Moreover, DICP launched the new generation of DMTO catalyst and completed the pilot test of the DMTO-III technology in 2018, both of which aim to further improve the olefins yield of DMTO units. The catalyst and technology development of the DMTO process are summarized in Figure 1.Based on SAPO-34 catalyst, UOP and Norsk Hydro also developed an MTO process with a low-pressure fast fluidizedbed reactor. [11] In 2013, a commercialized MTO plant (0.3 Mt a −1 olefins) was commissioned in Nanjing, China, which combines the UOP/Hydro MTO process and the total/UOP olefin cracking process to enhance the yield of ethylene and propylene. In addition, Shanghai Research Institute of Petrochemical Technology Methanol conversion to olefins, as an important reaction in C1 chemistry, provides an alternative platform for producing basic chemicals from nonpetroleum resources such as natural gas and coal. Methanol-to-olefin (MTO) catalysis is one of the critical constraints for the process development, determining the reactor design, and the profitability of the process. After the construction and commissioning of the world's first MTO plant by Dalian I...

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Section: Synthesis and Optimization Of Sapo‐34 Catalystmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Progress in Methanol‐to‐Olefins (MTO) Catalysts

et al. 2019

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“…In recent years a new and notable method in the synthesis of nano zeolite, and as a result nano SAPO-34, is applied and that is using of ultrasonic waves, which is a simple and fast method and also does not require advanced features [97]. The principle of the sonochemistry method is based on acoustic cavitation phenomena.…”

Section: Sonochemical Synthesismentioning

confidence: 99%

Different techniques and their effective parameters in nano SAPO-34 synthesis: A review

et al. 2016

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“…The SiO 2 /Al 2 O 3 molar ratio in framework increased when the sonication pretreatment was applied. This could be attributed to the fact that sonication energy increases the concentration of soluble silicate species, thus enabling their incorporation into tetrahedrally coordinated framework [31].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Green synthesis of nanocrystalline faujasite zeolite

Reinoso

Adrover

Pedernera

2018

Ultrasonics Sonochemistry

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In this work, the synthesis of 28 and 38 nm Na-Y zeolite nanocrystals is reported. The process was performed via green synthesis without any organic structure directing agents (SDAs), at low temperature and applying ultrasound-assisted aging. The zeolite nanoparticles obtained were characterized by X ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and N adsorption - desorption isotherm at 77 K. A simple, fast, efficient and environmentally friendly procedure to synthetize nanocrystalline FAU zeolite is described in the present study. The sonochemical pretreatment was found to directly affect the Na-Y zeolite properties. The final product obtained via ultrasound pretreatment shows high phase purity and crystallinity degree with crystal size smaller than 38 nm and elevated surface area (S ∼ 950 m g). The hierarchical micro- and mesoporous FAU zeolites exhibit a pore volume of ∼0.4 cm g.

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Effects of ultrasound on the synthesis of zeolites: a review

Cited by 95 publications

References 84 publications

Recent Progress in Methanol‐to‐Olefins (MTO) Catalysts

Recent Progress in Methanol‐to‐Olefins (MTO) Catalysts

Different techniques and their effective parameters in nano SAPO-34 synthesis: A review

Green synthesis of nanocrystalline faujasite zeolite

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