Effects of two types of low-level laser wave lengths (850 and 630 nm) on the orthodontic tooth movements in rabbits

Abstract

The effects of low-level lasers on bone cellular activity, bone structures, bone healing, fibroblasts activity and inflammation process have already been investigated. Considering orthodontic tooth movement, which is a complicated inflammatory process involving simultaneous bone apposition and resorption, the aim of this controlled study is to investigate the quantitative effects of a pulsed 850 nm laser (Optodan) and a continuous 630 nm laser (KLO3) on the orthodontic tooth movement in rabbits. This experimental study was conducted on 18 male albino rabbits divided into three equal groups of control, Optodan and KLO3. In all the groups, NiTi-closed coil springs were used on the first mandibular molars with 4-oz tension. The control group was not irradiated by laser, but the teeth in the laser groups were irradiated 9 days according to the periodontal therapeutic protocols. After 16 days, samples were sacrificed. The distance between the distal surface of the first molar and the mesial surface of the second molar was measured with 0.05-mm accuracy. The data were subjected to the statistical tests of Kolmogrov Smirnov and variance analysis. The mean orthodontic tooth movements of the first mandibular molars were 1.7 +/- 0.16 mm in control group, 0.69 +/- 0.16 mm in Optodan group and 0.86 +/- 0.13 mm in KLO3 group. There were statistically significant difference between the control and the two other laser-irradiated groups (P < 0.001). The findings of the present study imply that the amounts of orthodontic tooth movement, after low-level laser therapy, are diminished. It could not be concluded that any low-level laser will reduce the speed of teeth movement in orthodontic treatments, and further studies with less or more energies may show different results.

Evaluation of two protocols for low-level laser application in patients submitted to orthodontic treatment

“…Another study demonstrated the inhibitory effect of LLL, in other words, the amount of OTM decreased. 22 On the other hand, others have demonstrated the effectiveness of LLL. 2,4,11 It is believed that LLL is dose-dependent and it can speed up or slow down biological processes depending on the fluency applied and the irradiation protocol.…”

“…Positive results can be observed, with increase in movement rate, 2,4,11 no effect, when experimental and control groups did not differ, 13 and inhibitory effect in the irradiated groups. 22 Although most of the protocols used for applying LLL during OTM are punctual, there are variations in the wavelengths, doses and the number of irradiation sessions. Some authors have used daily irradiations of LLL, 4,11,15 while others have set different intervals of laser application.…”

“…Some authors have used daily irradiations of LLL, 4,11,15 while others have set different intervals of laser application. 2,13,22 Considering that the effect of laser is dose-dependent, 6,10 greater attention should be given to the irradiation protocols.…”

Effects of medications and laser on induced tooth movement and associated root resorption: four key points

“…1,3,4,5,[7][8][9][10][11][12][14][15][16][17][18]20,[23][24][25][26] We describe four fundamental points for experimental models to ensure that the evaluation of the effects of medication and phototherapy on induced tooth movement and associated root resorption is free of external influence.…”

Laser Surgery of Soft Tissue in Orthodontics: Review of the Clinical Trials

“…8 Numerous studies have focused on laser as an adjunctive procedure in orthodontic practice. [9][10][11] Many advantages of laser have influenced orthodontic treatments such as accelerating tooth movement, 12 debonding ceramic brackets and soft tissue excision. [13][14][15] Laser is a beneficial technique in soft tissue surgery compared to scalpel.…”