Effects of two traits of the ecological state equation on our understanding of species coexistence and ecosystem services

Distribution of species diversity values: A link between classical and quantum mechanics in ecology

“…The combination between results from Sections 3.1 to 3.3 and the importance of the right-skewed nature of H p distributions (see citation from Rodríguez et al, 2013b, in Section 2.1.2) indicates that Eq. (10) must be regarded as a statistical model about how the ecosystem works under SEC in order to keep a stable performance in a far-away-from-equilibrium position without a net increase of energy input.…”

“…84-87;Whittaker, 1999, p. 865;Banavar et al, 2002;Enquist, 2002Enquist, , p. 1053Makarieva et al, 2003;Li et al, 2004;West andBrown, 2005, p. 1575;Reich et al, 2006, p. 457;Loeuille and Loreau, 2006;Rodríguez et al, 2013bRodríguez et al, , 2015a. In such a way, a lower respiration rate per unit of biomass (lower E eTp /m eTp values; i.e., more economical species in terms of energy consumption by taking similar biomass values as a common reference framework of comparison between r and K) provides high values of species richness (S), and vice versa.…”

“…Our proposal is supported by three main theoretical premises: (1) the analytical equivalence between stationarity in open systems and equilibrium in closed systems (see Montero and Morán, 1992;Rodríguez et al, 2012Rodríguez et al, , 2013aRodríguez et al, ,b, 2015a, (2) the anti-kinetic and therefore anti-thermic effect of species diversity (Margalef, 1963(Margalef, , 1991Odum, 1972;Rodríguez et al, 2013a,b) and, finally, (3) the local effect of entropy reduction by increasing the information amount (see Ayres, 1994;Ayres and Nair, 1984;Brillouin, 1951Brillouin, , 1953Brillouin, , 1956Brissaud, 2005;Gabor, 1964;Gallucci, 1973;Jaynes, 1957a,b, Lewis, 1930Odum, 1969;Rothstein, 1951Rothstein, , 1952Szilard, 1929;Tribus and McIrvine, 1971;Volkenshtein, 1985;Rodríguez et al, 2013bRodríguez et al, , 2015a. Starting from these premises, Rodríguez et al (2012) combined Eqs.…”

“…(6)) that is universally valid providing that the system analyzed is under stationary or quasi-stationary ecological conditions (SEC, hereafter); (2) a consistent explanation for the relationship between production and species diversity (Rodríguez et al, 2013a,b); (3) a potential solution to the debate between competitive exclusion principle (CEP, one species ↔ one niche; Hardin, 1960;Darlington, 1972;Gordon, 2000;Wang et al, 2005) and functional redundancy (FR, several species ↔ one niche; Walker, 1992;Lawton and Brown, 1994;Wohl et al, 2004;Petchey and Gaston, 2006;Mayfield and Levine, 2010) through a stationary waves model for species coexistence (WMSC) based on the concurrency between transient equilibrium nodes of CEP, and wide antinodes of limited FR; in a similar way to the standing waves on a string (see Rodríguez et al, 2013b).…”

Impacts of land-use change on valued ecosystem service in rapidly urbanized North China Plain

“…Economic valuation is widely used for the assessment of ecosystem services (MEA, 2005;Dong et al, 2012;Logsdon and Chaubey, 2013;Rodriguez et al, 2013). Since the 1990s, numerous researches have been conducted to investigate the value of ecosystem services (VES).…”