Effects of two training protocols on Angiotensin I-converting enzyme (ACE) activity in horses

Costa, Mônica Sarolli Silva de Mendonça; Davies, Helen M.S.; Anderson, Garry A.; Slocombe, R. F.

doi:10.1111/j.2042-3306.2010.00320.x

Cited by 9 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 33 publications

(49 reference statements)

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The reference values in humans are determined to vary between 13.3 and 63.9 U/L (Camos et al 2012). Studies in healthy horses which, as in our study, used FAPPG as substrate for analysis showed slightly higher values (Costa et al 2011, Afonso et al 2013, Munoz et al 2016 Our results agree with those of Costa et al (2016) (86 ± 18 U/L) and Afonso et al (2013) (59 ± 13.4 U/L). In contrast to that, Munoz et al (2016) showed slightly higher Fig.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Effect of the ACE inhibitor enalapril on plasma ACE concentration in horses with left side heart valve insufficiency

Gehlen¹,

Rapp²

2020

PHK

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Even though angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors are often used in horses, only a few studies exist that investigate the effect of these drugs in horses suffering from heart disease. The aim of this work was to examine the effect of the ACE inhibitor enalapril on the plasma ACE concentration of horses diagnosed with a left-sided heart valve insufficiency. We hypothesize that the use of the ACE inhibitor enalapril leads to a lowered ACE concentration in the equine blood plasma of horses suffering from a left-side heart valve insufficiency. Therefor we evaluated twenty-five horses with aortic and/or mitral valve insufficiency. All animals received daily dose of enalapril per os (0.5 mg/ kg) over a period of three months. The horses were divided into two groups. Horses in Group 1 were examined immediately prior to the trials and after the three-month therapy period. Horses in Group 2 were examined a third time, three months prior to the start of treatment with enalapril. Serum ACE concentration was measured photometrically. No horse showed any signs of noticeable adverse effects. A statistically significant increase in ACE activity has been recorded in Group 1 and Group 2 under the therapy with enalapril (p = 0.00). While no treatment was performed on the horses in Group 2, no statistically significant difference in ACE activity could be shown (p = 0.00). The study showed an effect of the ACE inhibitor enalapril on the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system in horses diagnosed with left-side heart valve insufficiency. However, our results contradicted expectations that enalapril would lead to a lowered ACE concentration in the equine blood plasma. Further studies on cardiac efficacy would be desirable.

show abstract

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

“…Effect of the ACE inhibitor enalapril on plasma ACE concentration in horses with left side heart valve insufficiency values (80 -120 U/L) (Costa et al 2011, Camos et al 2012, Munoz et al 2016).…”

Section: -mentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of the ACE inhibitor enalapril on plasma ACE concentration in horses with left side heart valve insufficiency

Gehlen¹,

Rapp²

2020

PHK

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Alternatively, others have suggested using genetic screening or predictive modelling to identify those horses at greatest risk for catastrophic injuries, 4,[32][33][34] though the utility of these approaches have yet to be proven. While the detection of biomarkers for equine injuries has also been explored, [35][36][37][38][39] their use has not been widely adopted, despite some reported success. 40,41 Nevertheless, this overall shift from retrospective examination to a more proactive application of research signals a positive move towards catastrophic injury prevention, especially given recent headlines and negative attention regarding catastrophic injuries in North America.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Expression of select mRNA in Thoroughbreds with catastrophic racing injuries

Page

Adam

Arthur

et al. 2021

Equine Veterinary Journal

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background:The ability to identify horses at risk for catastrophic injuries continues to be a pressing issue for the racing industry, especially given recent events in North America.Objectives: Since most catastrophic injuries occur in areas of existing pathology and this pathology is likely to elicit an inflammatory response, it was hypothesised that analysis of messenger RNA (mRNA) expression would detect significant changes in select genes in horses at risk for a catastrophic injury.Study design: Prospective cohort study. Methods: Five racing jurisdictions across the United States participated in this study.A total of 686 Tempus ® RNA Blood Tube samples were collected for mRNA analysis from 107 catastrophically injured horses, as well as from noninjured horses sampled either prerace (n = 374) or postrace (n = 205). A subset of horses (n = 37) were sampled both prerace and postrace for analysis of expression changes during the postrace period.Results: Of 21 genes analysed via RT-qPCR, the expression of 12 genes (ALOX5AP,

show abstract

“…Studies that have assessed ACE activity in response to ET are scarce. Costa et al 18 showed that 75 days of training in horses increased the circulating ACE activity. Our group also showed that rats subjected to high-volume ET increased plasma ACE activity 19 .…”

Section: Introdutionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High-volume endurance exercise training stimulates hematopoiesis by increasing ACE NH2-terminal activity

et al. 2021

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

One of the health benefits of endurance exercise training (ET) is the stimulation of hematopoiesis. However, the mechanisms underlying ET-induced hematopoietic adaptations are understudied. N-Acetyl-Seryl-Aspartyl-Lysyl-Proline (Ac-SDKP) inhibits proliferation of early hematopoietic progenitor cells. The angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) NH2-terminal promotes hematopoiesis by inhibiting the anti-hematopoietic effect of Ac-SDKP. Here we demonstrate for the first time the role of ACE NH2-terminal in ET-induced hematopoietic adaptations. Wistar rats were subjected to 10 weeks of moderate-(T1) and high-(T2) volume swimming-training. Although both protocols induced classical ET-associated adaptations, only T2 increased plasma ACE NH2-domain activity (by 40%, p=0.0003) and reduced Ac-SDKP levels (by 50%, p<0.0001). T2 increased the number of hematopoietic stem cells (~200%, p=0.0008), early erythroid progenitor colonies (~300%, p<0.0001) and reticulocytes (~500%, p=0.0007), and reduced erythrocyte lifespan (~50%, p=0.022). Following, Wistar rats were subjected to T2 or T2 combined with ACE NH2-terminal inhibition (captopril treatment: 10 mg.kg-1.d-1). T2 combined with ACE NH2-terminal inhibition prevented Ac-SDKP decrease and attenuated ET-induced hematopoietic adaptations. Altogether, our findings show that ET-induced hematopoiesis was at least partially associated to increased ACE NH2-terminal activity and reduction of the hematopoietic inhibitor Ac-SDKP.

show abstract

Effects of two training protocols on Angiotensin I-converting enzyme (ACE) activity in horses

Cited by 9 publications

References 33 publications

Effect of the ACE inhibitor enalapril on plasma ACE concentration in horses with left side heart valve insufficiency

Effect of the ACE inhibitor enalapril on plasma ACE concentration in horses with left side heart valve insufficiency

Expression of select mRNA in Thoroughbreds with catastrophic racing injuries

High-volume endurance exercise training stimulates hematopoiesis by increasing ACE NH2-terminal activity

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About