Effects of two surfactant series on the absorption and translocation of ¹⁴C‐glyphosate in sicklepod and prickly sida

Abstract

The weed species, prickly sida (Sida spinosa L.) and sicklepod (Senna obtusifolia L.), were treated with 14 C-glyphosate alone and formulated with different polyethlylane oxide (PEO) surfactants in tallow amine ethoxylate and non-ionic alkoxylate series to determine the amount of 14 C-glyphosate absorption and translocation. The surface tension, contact angle, and 14 Cglyphosate distribution were significantly affected by both the presence of different waxes on the plants and by the addition of surfactants to the glyphosate.The surface and contact angle values of the surfactants, with and without glyphosate, showed a significant increase as the PEO number increased in both surfactant series. A higher absorption of the 14 C-glyphosate was recorded for S. spinosa compared with S. obtusifolia. The absorption and translocation of the 14 C-glyphosate increased with the increase in the PEO number of tallow amine ethoxylate. In the case of the non-ionic alkoxylate surfactant series, an increase in the absorption of 14 C-glyphosate was recorded when the surface tension and contact angle values decreased. There was no significant difference in the translocation values obtained in the two species after the addition of the surfactants.The amount of 14 C-glyphosate absorbed by the treated leaf was significantly higher in the case of S. spinosa compared with S. obtusifolia. A linear relationship was observed with the physical properties, 14 C absorption, and the efficacy of glyphosate with the addition of the non-ionic alkoxylate surfactant series. The percentage control was higher with the higher PEO surfactant in the tallow amine ethoxylate surfactant series and with the lower PEO surfactant in the non-ionic alkoxylate surfactant series as the two series are chemically different.

Physiological Basis for Glyphosate Tolerance in Hard Fescue and Perennial Ryegrass Cultivars

“…The radiolabeled treatment was mixed with a glyphosate product that contained an adjuvant, but different adjuvants could increase foliar uptake levels of JS-501 (Sharma and Singh, 2007). The radiolabeled treatment was mixed with a glyphosate product that contained an adjuvant, but different adjuvants could increase foliar uptake levels of JS-501 (Sharma and Singh, 2007).…”

“…cultivars. The radiolabeled treatment was mixed with a glyphosate product that contained an adjuvant, but different adjuvants could increase foliar uptake levels of JS-501 (Sharma and Singh, 2007). Perhaps, perennial ryegrass has enhanced absorption of glyphosate applied with other adjuvants or formulations and warrants further investigation.…”

Effect of Different Ethylene Oxide Addition Numbers on the Performance of Polyoxyethylene Tallow Amine as a Pesticide Emulsifier

“…Sharma and Singh determined that the absorption and translocation of 14 C-glyphosate, surface tension, contact angle, and distribution of 14 C-glyphosate were significantly affected by the presence of different waxes and the addition of glyphosate surfactant. The results showed that the contact angle values of glyphosate-added and nonglyphosate-added surfactants increased significantly with the increase in PEOs.…”

“…At the same time, in order to effectively absorb the active ingredients in pesticide formulations and reduce the use of pesticides, studies have investigated the changes of 12 nonionic surfactant micelles in the process of pesticide solubilization, 12 which holds that pesticide solubilization will lead to lower cloud points, micelle stretching, micelle shape transformation, and dehydration of surfactant head groups, and further solubilization will make surfactant micelles rehydrate. 13 Sharma and Singh 14 determined that the absorption and translocation of 14 C-glyphosate, surface tension, contact angle, and distribution of 14 C-glyphosate were significantly affected by the presence of different waxes and the addition of glyphosate surfactant. The results showed that the contact angle values of glyphosate-added and nonglyphosate-added surfactants increased significantly with the increase in PEOs.…”

Avaliação de resíduos de glyphosate e AMPA, produtividade, teor de óleo, conteúdo de proteína bruta e aminoácidos na soja (Glycine max (L.) Merrill) resistente ao glyphosate

“…Segundo , a falta de metabolismo de glyphosate em AMPA pode acontecer devido ao alto grau de toxicidade do tratamento glyphosate, fato comprovado por Cessna et al (2002) BAYLIS, 2000;CESSNA et al, 2002;SHARMA;SINGH, 2007 Controle 0,00 (±0,00) NS 0,00 (±0,00) c 0,00 (±0,00) NS 0,01 (±0,01) NS 0,00 (±0,00) NS 0,02 (±0,00) c 0,00 (±0,00) NS 0,00 (±0,01) NS Rodeo 0,00 (±0,00) NS 0,01 (±0,01) c 0,00 (±0,00) NS 0,01 (±0,01) NS 0,00 (±0,00) NS 0,06 (±0,08) bc 0,01 (±0,01) NS 0,01 (±0,02) NS R. Original 0,01 (±0,01) NS 0,28 (±0,04) a 0,01 (±0,01) NS 0,00 (±0,01) NS 0,01 (±0,01) NS 0,18 (±0,02) a 0,00 (±0,00) NS 0,01 (±0,01) NS R. Ready 0,00 (±0,00) NS 0,20 (±0,01) b 0,00 (±0,00) NS 0,01 (±0,01) NS 0,03 (±0,02) NS 0,16 (±0,05) ab 0,03 (±0,02) NS 0,01 (±0,01) NS Há necessidades de pesquisas para testar a hipótese de absorção de AMPA pelas raízes de plantas das parcelas controle após a aplicação de AMPA diretamente no solo em parcelas adjacentes.…”