Effects of Two Phosphonium-Type Ionic Liquids on the Rheological and Thermomechanical Properties of Emulsion Poly(vinyl chloride)-Based Formulations Plasticized with DINP and CITROFOL

Marceneiro, Sofia; Hu, Qiongyi; Dias, Alfredo M. P. G.; Lobo, Irene; Dias, Isabel R.; Pinho, Elizabete; Rasteiro, Maria G.; Sousa, Hermínio C. de

doi:10.1021/ie502382a

Cited by 11 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 42 publications

(96 reference statements)

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“…The partial replacement (15–30 wt %) of conventional plasticizers with ionic liquids [(trihexyl(tetradecyl) phosphonium dicyanamide and trihexyl(tetradecyl) phosphonium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide)] has been reported for the processing of emulsion grade PVC . The findings of this study showed a decrease in the viscosity of the system by adding ILs and a change in rheological behavior from shear thinning (pseudoplastic) to almost Newtonian.…”

Section: Rheology Of Systems Having An Il As a Plasticizermentioning

confidence: 69%

Rheology of Pure Ionic Liquids and Their Complex Fluids: A Review

Shakeel

Mahmood

Farooq

et al. 2019

ACS Sustainable Chem. Eng.

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Ionic liquids (ILs) are liquid salts at ambient or lower temperatures and consist of ions and short-lived ion pairs. They are potential alternatives to toxic, hazardous, highly flammable, and volatile solvents for preparing solutions, dispersions, gels, composites, and polymeric melts. ILs have some very interesting and unique characteristics like good chemical and thermal stability and very low vapor pressures. They have good solvation interactions with a wide range of organic, inorganic, and polymeric compounds. They can enhance colloidal stability and the elasticity range of polymers. ILs are environmental friendly, easily recyclable, and structurally similar to the conventional solvents. For optimal performance, it is necessary to fully understand the rheological properties of ILs and their different systems for academic interests such as understanding the ability of ILs as processing aids particularly in film casting, fiber spinning and spraying, comprehension of thermodynamics and dynamics of polymer chains in ILs, analyzing the hydrodynamic volume of dispersed polymer, polymer–ILs interactions, characterizing the viscoelastic properties and nanophase–ILs interactions in nanocomposite systems, analyzing the plasticization efficiency, and the final properties of the composite system. The rheological analysis is also important for industrial purposes particularly for designing processing techniques and suitable operating conditions for IL based systems. The aim of this review is to give an overview of the rheological properties of pure ionic liquids and solutions, dispersions, gels, composites, and melts based on ionic liquids.

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Section: Rheology Of Systems Having An Il As a Plasticizermentioning

confidence: 69%

Rheology of Pure Ionic Liquids and Their Complex Fluids: A Review

Shakeel

Mahmood

Farooq

et al. 2019

ACS Sustainable Chem. Eng.

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“…12 As the cationic and anionic components of ILs can be tailored for different functions, this can result in dual or multiple functional ILs. 6 Thus when added into a polymer matrix, ILs can act as additives having dual/multiple functional properties.…”

Section: A C C E P T E D Accepted Manuscriptmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of dual functional ionic liquids on the thermal degradation of poly(vinyl chloride)

Lorenzetti

Choi

Roso

et al. 2016

Polymer Degradation and Stability

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Copyright and reuse:The Warwick Research Archive Portal (WRAP) makes this work by researchers of the University of Warwick available open access under the following conditions. Copyright © and all moral rights to the version of the paper presented here belong to the individual author(s) and/or other copyright owners. To the extent reasonable and practicable the material made available in WRAP has been checked for eligibility before being made available.Copies of full items can be used for personal research or study, educational, or not-for-profit purposes without prior permission or charge. Provided that the authors, title and full bibliographic details are credited, a hyperlink and/or URL is given for the original metadata page and the content is not changed in any way. This is a PDF file of an unedited manuscript that has been accepted for publication. As a service to our customers we are providing this early version of the manuscript. The manuscript will undergo copyediting, typesetting, and review of the resulting proof before it is published in its final form. Please note that during the production process errors may be discovered which could affect the content, and all legal disclaimers that apply to the journal pertain. M A N U S C R I P T A C C E P T E D ACCEPTED MANUSCRIPT Effect of dual functional ionic liquids on the thermal degradation of poly(vinyl chloride)Alessandra Lorenzetti M A N U S C R I P T A C C E P T E D ACCEPTED MANUSCRIPT AbstractThe short-term thermal stability of PVC on addition of functional ionic liquids (ILs) based on phosphonium and pyridinium cations, and a docusate anion, was studied using FTIR, TGA-MS and TGA-FTIR. The thermal stability of PVC plasticized with these ILs is reduced and the activation energy for thermal degradation for the first step of PVC degradation lowered, relative to neat PVC. This feature is not dependent on the thermal stability of the IL itself, as their addition to neat PVC did not result in increased thermal stability of the resin. Analysis of the gases evolved during thermal degradation showed that there is no variation in the mechanism of PVC degradation in the presence of ILs, the only difference observed is that HCl is evolved at lower temperatures for PVC-ILs samples. The ILs had no effect on the second step of the thermal degradation of PVC. The decrease in the thermal stability of PVC-ILs is associated with two different effects: firstly, the anion weakens the C-H bond while the cation forms complexes and weakens the C-Cl bond; second, the IL interaction with the polymer chains partly substitutes the interaction between the polymer chain and heat stabilizers (e.g. stearates) added to the PVC compound. In this way, the latter tends to be expelled from the bulk polymer, thus not being available for PVC stabilization at high temperature. Heat stabilizer migration is related to the solvating power of the ILs: the higher the solvating power, the higher the migration of heat stabilizer, the lower the thermal stability of the polymer.

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“…246 Finally, they described epoxynetworked polymeric materials containing [P 66614 ][(C 2 H 5 O) 2 PO 2 ] (diethyl phosphate anion) and [P 66614 ] bis-2,4,4-(trimethyl pentyl)-phosphinate. 247 PILs were also reported as additives for other epoxy resins, 248,249 PVC, 250 and polycarbonates. 251,252 Glas et al described a process for the end-oflife treatment of PVC that demonstrated how the use of [P 4444 ]Cl allowed the dehydrochlorination and/or dissolution of the chlorinated polymers poly(vinylchloride) (PVC) and chlorinated polyethylene (CPE).…”

Section: Miscellaneous Applicationsmentioning

confidence: 98%