Effects of trypsinization and mineralization on intrasynovial tendon allograft healing to bone

Alphen, Nick A. van; Thoreson, Andrew R.; Chen, Qingshan; An, Kai Nan; Amadio, Peter C.; Schmid, Thomas; Zhao, Chunfeng

doi:10.1002/jor.22779

Cited by 5 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…A number of different methods exist to preserve, sterilise or decellularise tendon grafts. Freezing and cryopreservation [16, 39, 72, 74, 86, 95], irradiation [20, 22, 37, 40, 41, 87–89, 91], gas‐sterilisation [8], lyophilising [72] and other methods [17, 44, 80] have been described and tested for potential effects on material properties. These studies revealed that care must be taken to choose processing methods that do not or minimally compromise their biomechanical properties, which would be, of course, highly undesirable.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biomechanical considerations are crucial for the success of tendon and meniscus allograft integration—a systematic review

Seitz¹,

Dürselen²

2018

Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc

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Purpose This systematic review intends to give an overview of the current knowledge on how allografts used for the reconstruction of cruciate ligaments and menisci are integrated and specifically perform regarding their biomechanical function. Methods Two reviewers reviewed the PubMed and Central Cochrane library with focus on the biomechanical integration of tendon ligament and meniscus allografts. The literature search was conducted in accordance with the PRISMA statement for reporting systematic reviews and meta‐analyses. Results The analysed literature on tendon allografts shows that they are more vulnerable to overstretching in the phase of degradation compared to autografts as the revascularization process starts later and takes longer. Therefore, to avoid excessive graft loads, allografts for cruciate ligament replacement should be selected that exhibit much higher failure loads than the native ligaments to counteract the detrimental effect of degradation. Further, placement techniques should be considered that result in a minimum of strain differences during knee joint motion, which is best achieved by near‐isometric placement. The most important biomechanical parameters for meniscus allograft transplantation are secure fixation and proper graft sizing. Allograft attachment by bone plugs or by a bone block is superior to circumferential suturing and enables the allograft to restore the chondroprotective biomechanical function. Graft sizing is also of major relevance, because too small grafts are not able to compensate the knee joint incongruity and too large grafts may fail due to extrusion. Only adequate sizing and fixation together can lead to a biomechanically functioning allograft. The objective assessment of the biomechanical quality of allografts in a clinical setting is challenging, but would be highly desirable for monitoring the remodelling and incorporation process. Conclusions Currently, indicators like ap‐stability after ACL reconstruction or meniscal extrusion represent only indirect measures for biomechanical graft integration. These parameters are at best clinical indicators of allograft function, but the overall integration properties comprising e.g. fixation and graft stiffness remain unknown. Therefore, future research should e.g. focus on advanced imaging techniques or other non‐invasive methods allowing for in vivo assessment of biomechanical allograft properties.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biomechanical considerations are crucial for the success of tendon and meniscus allograft integration—a systematic review

Seitz¹,

Dürselen²

2018

Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc

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“…Although transplantation of tendons has been associated with adverse effects [17], there were no obvious evidence of this in our study. Tendon-to-bone treatment is the most challenging method for reconstruction of cartilaginous tissues or bone healing [9]. A previous study [18] indicated that tendon–bone integration of allograft tendons was not achieved even 2 years after reconstruction.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Isolation of tendons was conducted according to the method described in a previous study [9]. Briefly, immediately after sacrifice, the hind paws were harvested and stored at −80°C.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Allogenic Tendon-Autologous Cartilage Cells Transplantation Enhances Adhesive/Growth Ability and Promotes Chondrogenesis in a Rabbit Model of Glenoid Labrum Damage

Chen

You

et al. 2019

Ann Transplant

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BackgroundGlenoid labrum injury of the shoulder commonly occurs in athletes, especially those who perform throwing motions. This study investigated the effects of the established allogenic tendon-autologous cartilage cells reconstruction approach in a rabbit model of glenoid labrum damage.Material/MethodsThe allogenic tendons were isolated and extracted using the chemical extraction method. Cartilage cells were isolated from New Zealand rabbits and identified by detecting type II collagenase. The allogenic tendon-autologous cartilage cells were transplanted to the damaged glenoid labrum. HE staining was used to observe inflammatory cells, Masson staining was used to observe muscle fibers, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used to assess antigenicity of tendon tissues. PSA and AB staining were used to examine neutral protein mucopolysaccharide and acidic protein mucopolysaccharide, respectively. We assessed cartilage cell growth in autologous cartilage cells combined with allogenic tendon transplanted tissues.ResultsAllogenic tendons were well prepared using chemical extraction method due to use of HE staining, Masson staining, and SEM. TGF-β1 treatment induced cartilage cell formation and triggered expression of acidic and neutral protein mucopolysaccharides. HE staining, Masson staining, PAS staining, and AB staining methods showed that autologous cartilage cells combined with allogenic tendon transplanted tissues had better growth of cartilage cells.ConclusionsThis study establishes the allogenic tendon-autologous cartilage cells reconstruction and transplantation approach and illustrated higher adhesive ability and growth ability, and better chondrogenesis in a rabbit model of glenoid labrum damage.

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“…Cellular migration can also be promoted by modification of artificial ligaments by growth factors [ 49 ] and bioactive proteins [ 50 ], which effectively improve bone tissue ingrowth to promote graft-to-bone healing [ 51 , 52 ]. In future studies, we should use an improved knitting method in combination with surface modification to increase the biocompatibility of the PET-ALs.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Artificial Ligaments with Different Porous Structures on the Migration of BMSCs

Wang

Hou

Yan

et al. 2015

Stem Cells International

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Polyethylene terephthalate- (PET-) based artificial ligaments (PET-ALs) are commonly used in anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction surgery. The effects of different porous structures on the migration of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) on artificial ligaments and the underlying mechanisms are unclear. In this study, a cell migration model was utilized to observe the migration of BMSCs on PET-ALs with different porous structures. A rabbit extra-articular graft-to-bone healing model was applied to investigate the in vivo effects of four types of PET-ALs, and a mechanical test and histological observation were performed at 4 weeks and 12 weeks. The BMSC migration area of the 5A group was significantly larger than that of the other three groups. The migration of BMSCs in the 5A group was abolished by blocking the RhoA/ROCK signaling pathway with Y27632. The in vivo study demonstrated that implantation of 5A significantly improved osseointegration. Our study explicitly demonstrates that the migration ability of BMSCs can be regulated by varying the porous structures of the artificial ligaments and suggests that this regulation is related to the RhoA/ROCK signaling pathway. Artificial ligaments prepared using a proper knitting method and line density may exhibit improved biocompatibility and clinical performance.

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Effects of trypsinization and mineralization on intrasynovial tendon allograft healing to bone

Cited by 5 publications

References 23 publications

Biomechanical considerations are crucial for the success of tendon and meniscus allograft integration—a systematic review

Biomechanical considerations are crucial for the success of tendon and meniscus allograft integration—a systematic review

Allogenic Tendon-Autologous Cartilage Cells Transplantation Enhances Adhesive/Growth Ability and Promotes Chondrogenesis in a Rabbit Model of Glenoid Labrum Damage

Effects of Artificial Ligaments with Different Porous Structures on the Migration of BMSCs

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