Effects of trapping on rat populations and subsequent damage and yields of macadamia nuts

Tobin, Mark E.; Koehler, Ann E.; Sugihara, Robert T.; Ueunten, Gary R.; Yamaguchi, Alan M.

doi:10.1016/0261-2194(93)90041-g

Cited by 22 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…In another study, Tobin et al (1993) showed that failure to monitor the results of trapping rats on macadamia crops in Hawaii missed the impact of rats on nut yield. Farmers noticed that the introduced black rat damaged developing nuts, removing up to 15% of the nuts.…”

Section: Whole-system Approach To Managing the Damage Due To Pestsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Principles Underpinning Best Practice Management of the Damage Due to Pests in Australia

Braysher¹,

Buckmaster²,

Saunders³

et al. 2012

vertebrate_pest_conference

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Principles contained in the 1993 publication "Managing Vertebrate Pests: Principles & Strategies" were developed during a review of past and current pest management practices. They were used to guide the development of a series of management guidelines for our major vertebrate pests -feral pigs, house mice, European rabbits, red fox, feral pigs, feral horses, wild dogs, and carp. The principles have been constantly refined through subsequent on ground experience in working with stakeholders to implement best practice management programs for pest animals. In this paper, we present what we now consider the seven principles that underpin best practice management of pest animals. They are:1. A pest is human construct. 2. All key stakeholders need to be actively engaged and consulted.3. Rarely can pests be eradicated. 4. Most pest management needs to focus on the outcome, reduction in damage, not just killing pests. 5. A whole-system approach is required for managing pest damage. 6. Most pest management occurs in ecosystems in which our knowledge is imperfect.7. An effective monitoring and evaluation strategy is essential for all management interventions. Together, the principles comprise the strategic approach to pest management. We explain the rationale behind these principles and illustrate them with examples.

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Section: Whole-system Approach To Managing the Damage Due To Pestsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Principles Underpinning Best Practice Management of the Damage Due to Pests in Australia

Braysher¹,

Buckmaster²,

Saunders³

et al. 2012

vertebrate_pest_conference

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…They can inflict severe damage to crops (e.g. Tobin et al 1993), damage to infrastructure and appliances (Singleton & Redhead 1989) and can impose health risks to people (Suntsov et al 1997), live stock (Caughley et al 1994) and companion animals.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Response of small rodents to manipulations of vegetation height in agro‐ecosystems

Jacob

2008

Integrative Zoology

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Some small mammal populations require human interference to conserve rare or threatened species or to minimize adverse effects in plant production. Without a thorough understanding about how small rodents behave in their environment and consideration of how they react to management efforts, management will not be optimal. Social behavior, spatial and temporal activity patterns, predator avoidance and other behavioral responses can affect pest rodent management. Some of these behavioral patterns and their causes have been well studied. However, their impact on pest rodent management, especially for novel management approaches, is not always clear. Habitat manipulation occurs necessarily through land use and intentionally to reduce shelter and food availability and to increase predation pressure on rodents. Rodents often respond to decreased vegetation height with reduced movements and increased risk sensitivity in their feeding behavior. This seems to result mainly from an elevated perceived predation risk. Behavioral responses may lessen the efficacy of the management because the desired effects of predators might be mediated. It remains largely unknown to what extent such responses can compensate at the population level for the expected consequences of habitat manipulation and how population size and crop damage are affected. It is advantageous to understand how target and non-target species react to habitat manipulation to maximize the management effects by appropriate techniques, timing and spatial scale without causing unwanted effects at the system level.

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“…The similar cumulative amount of fruit obtained at harvest during each season, despite extensive preharvest fruit abscission in the untreated control, could be due to a compensation effect by the tree for the early crop loss. Compensation effects have been observed in studies on the impact of rodents on macadamia, where similar yields were obtained from rat-damaged trees and undamaged trees (Tobin et al 1993(Tobin et al , 1997. However, if higher levels of husk spot-induced fruit abscission occur immediately before the normal harvest, significant yield loss due to husk spot may occur.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 86%

Alternative fungicides for controlling husk spot caused byPseudocercospora macadamiaein macadamia

Akinsanmi

Miles

Drenth

2008

Austral. Plant Pathol.

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Abstract. Husk spot, caused by Pseudocercospora macadamiae is a major fungal disease of macadamia in Australia. Chemicals to control the disease are limited and frequent failure to control the disease is a major concern to growers. The overall goal of this research was to improve the chemical control strategy of P. macadamiae through the provision of fungicides with different modes of action to carbendazim, which is the current industry standard. Husk spot incidence, premature fruit abscission, kernel quality and yield were evaluated following application of different fungicide products in replicated field experiments at three different sites. Results showed significant differences in disease incidence and premature fruit abscission between fungicide treatments, field sites and years. Generally, disease incidence and premature fruit abscission on trees treated with fungicide were significantly (P < 0.05) lower than the untreated control. Pyraclostrobin conferred significantly better protection than trifloxystrobin, reducing disease severity by 70% compared with a 50% reduction by trifloxystrobin. The pyraclostrobin treatment had a similar efficacy to the current industry standard (70% reduction cf. 73% reduction by tank-mixed carbendazim and copper). Higher amounts of immature kernels occurred in the untreated control, followed by difenoconazole and trifloxystrobin. Diseased fruit accounted for 78% of premature fruit abscission, which indicates that husk spot enhances fruit abscission in macadamia. Our results suggest that pyraclostrobin provided similar efficacy to the industry standard and could, therefore, play a key role in the management of husk spot.

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Effects of trapping on rat populations and subsequent damage and yields of macadamia nuts

Cited by 22 publications

References 4 publications

Principles Underpinning Best Practice Management of the Damage Due to Pests in Australia

Principles Underpinning Best Practice Management of the Damage Due to Pests in Australia

Response of small rodents to manipulations of vegetation height in agro‐ecosystems

Alternative fungicides for controlling husk spot caused byPseudocercospora macadamiaein macadamia

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