Effects of transport stress on pathological injury and main heat shock protein expression in the respiratory system of goats

Abstract

The aim of the present study was to investigate the pathological injury and the expression of heat shock proteins in the caprine lung, trachea and bronchus under transport stress. 12 healthy male goats were selected and randomly divided into three groups. The control group (non‐transported group), 2 hr transport‐treated group and 6 hr transport‐treated group. Morphological changes as well as the expression of heat shock proteins (HSPs, mainly HSP27, HSP70 and HSP90) in three parts of the respiratory tract were examined. Our results showed swollen mucosa and congestive blood vessels in mucous layer and submucosa, inflammatory cell infiltration as well as degeneration and necrosis of mucosal epithelial cells in trachea and bronchus of the transport‐treated groups. The epithelial cells were degenerated, and the exfoliated cells and debris could be seen in the alveolar cavity. The results of immunohistochemistry showed that HSP27 and HSP70 were strongly expressed in tracheal and bronchial epithelium, glandular epithelium, vascular endothelium and bronchiole epithelium. And the amount of positive inflammatory cells was increased in transport‐treated groups. Western blot results indicated that the expression of all three proteins had no obvious difference among the three groups in bronchi (p > .05). In trachea, there was no significant difference in the expression of heat shock proteins among the three groups except that the expression of HSP70 which was obviously higher in the two transported groups than the control group (p < .05). The expression level of HSP70 in the 2 hr transport‐treated group was significantly higher than the 6 hr group (p < .05) and control groups (p < .05). However, there was no significant difference in the expression level of HSP27 and HSP90 in three groups (p > .05). In conclusion, our data showed that transport stress could damage the caprine respiratory system.

Effects of Intestinal Microbiota on the Biological Transformation of Arsenic in Zebrafish: Contribution and Mechanism

“…Shewanella can promote the biotransformation , of iAs and promote the coprecipitation of iron and As, thus decreasing As bioavailability. , Cetobacterium can maintain the integrity of the intestinal barrier and prevent inflammation by beneficial metabolites. , Neorhizobium Pararhizobium Rhizobium is related to plaque psoriasis which can be caused by As exposure Phreatobacter was found significantly correlated with the host’s immune response and increased under high dose of lead exposure. , Additionally, in as3mt –/– zebrafish, more differential bacteria significantly correlated with C tAs and iAs. Ensifer can effectively participate in As III methylation; , Aeromonas has an As-resistant system including ars operon and involves regulating the physiological activities of mucosal defense and immunity; , Defluviimonas can produce extracellular polysaccharides that feature in the regulation of sulfide adsorption and oxidation reaction …”

“…75 Phreatobacter was found significantly correlated with the host's immune response and increased under high dose of lead exposure. 76,77 Additionally, in as3mt −/− zebrafish, more differential bacteria significantly correlated with C tAs and iAs. Ensifer can effectively participate in As III methylation; 78,79 Aeromonas has an As-resistant system including ars operon and involves regulating the physiological activities of mucosal defense and immunity; 80,81 Defluviimonas can produce extracellular polysaccharides that feature in the regulation of sulfide adsorption and oxidation reaction.…”

Effect of transport stress on apoptosis and autophagy in goat lung cells

“…), respectively [25][26][27]. Heat stress has been shown to cause morphological damage to the lungs, trachea and bronchi, and oxidative stress after a certain length of transportation has been shown to trigger signi cant changes in the expression of apoptosis-related genes Bcl-2 and Bax, as well as autophagy-related genes LC3B, PINK1 and Parkin [ 7,26]. Similarly, during transportation, animals are subjected to counter-organismic disturbances such as environmentally harmful chemicals, bumps and occlusions, and temperature and humidity discomfort, which can trigger a series of events at the cellular and molecular level, such as the elicitation of malondialdehyde (MDA), reactive oxygen species (ROS), nitric oxide, DNA/RNA oxidative stress damage products (DNA/RNA OSDP), and heat shock proteins 27, 70, 90 ( HPS27, 70, 90) and other indicators of oxidative stress and heat stress climbed, which ultimately induced in ammation, apoptosis and autophagy in goats after causing them to be subjected to oxidative stress and heat stress [27][28][29][30].…”

“…The lungs dominate gas exchange as an important part of the respiratory system and also promote drug metabolism and immune response [6]. Transportation stress has been shown to cause pathological damage to the respiratory system of goats, including morphological damage to the lungs, trachea and bronchi [7]. Prolonged transportation has also been reported to cause respiratory diseases such as brinous pleuropneumonia and bovine respiratory disease complex(BRDC) [8,9].…”

Mechanistic study of heat shock protein 60-mediated apoptosis in DF-1 cells

“…When cells are exposed to different types of stressors, including heat or cold ( Hanafi et al, 2022 ), pathogens ( Jariyapan et al, 2021 ), transport ( Zheng et al, 2021 ), or chemicals ( Μatsumoto et al, 2022 ), the levels of HSPs undergo changes to maintain the stability of the intracellular environment. HSPs bind to various proteins in the body to safeguard essential physiological processes.…”