Effects of Transcendental Meditation practice on brain functioning and stress reactivity in college students

Travis, Frederick; Haaga, David A. F.; Hagelin, John S.; Tanner, Melissa; Nidich, Sanford; Gaylord-King, Carolyn; Grosswald, Sarina J.; Rainforth, Maxwell; Schneider, Robert

doi:10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2008.09.007

Cited by 131 publications

(78 citation statements)

References 64 publications

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“…Outside of the practice, randomized controlled research found greater integration of brain functioning during task performance and more effective galvanic skin resistance responses to stress among those learning and practicing the Transcendental Meditation technique over a 10-week period in contrast to controls (Travis et al, 2009). In research on the individual level related to violent crime, longitudinal studies among prison inmates, either using randomized controlled trial (Ramirez, 1989), matched group (Abrams & Siegel, 1978), or active control group designs, have indicated a corresponding reduction in hostility, aggression, and neuroticism among those learning the Transcendental Meditation technique compared with controls.…”

Section: Articlementioning

confidence: 99%

Societal Violence and Collective Consciousness

Dillbeck

Cavanaugh

2016

Sage Open

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This research tests the hypothesis that group practice of the Transcendental Meditation® (TM) and TM-Sidhi® program by a group of sufficient size is associated with reduced rates of homicide and violent crime. Data from a prospective quasiexperiment were analyzed using intervention analysis or interrupted time series analysis. Dependent variables are time series of the U.S. monthly homicide rate as well as violent crime rate from a sample of 206 cities. The binary intervention variable is based on the size of the largest U.S. TM-Sidhi group. Intervention effects were analyzed by time series regression using a broken-trend intervention model. As hypothesized, there was a statistically and practically significant shift in trend in the direction of reduced rates for each of the variables beginning with the onset of the intervention period. Diagnostic tests indicate that key statistical assumptions of the analysis are satisfied. Alternative hypotheses are considered for the apparent effect of macro-level social behavioral change without micro-level behavioral interaction.

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Section: Articlementioning

confidence: 99%

Societal Violence and Collective Consciousness

Dillbeck

Cavanaugh

2016

Sage Open

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“…At least four studies have examined relationship between R/S and HRV or assessed the effects of a R/S intervention on HRV. Three of these studies reported positive findings (one showing a positive relationship between R/S and HRV [108] and two finding that Eastern forms of meditation increased HRV [109,110]), whereas one study found that transcendental meditation had no effect [111]. Two additional studies have assessed other cardiac functions.…”

Section: Cardiovascular Functions and Inflammatory Markersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Religion, spirituality and cardiovascular disease: research, clinical implications, and opportunities in Brazil

Lucchese¹,

Koenig

2013

Revista Brasileira De Cirurgia Cardiovascular

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In this paper we comprehensively review published quantitative research on the relationship between religion, spirituality (R/S), and cardiovascular (CV) disease, discuss mechanisms that help explain the associations reported, examine the clinical implications of those findings, and explore future research needed in Brazil on this topic. First, we define the terms religion, spirituality, and secular humanism. Next, we review research examining the relationships between R/S and CV risk factors (smoking, alcohol/drug use, physical inactivity, poor diet, cholesterol, obesity, diabetes, blood pressure, and psychosocial stress). We then review research on R/S, cardiovascular functions (CV reactivity, heart rate variability, etc.), and inflammatory markers (IL-6, IFN-γ, CRP, fibrinogen, IL-4, IL-10). Next we examine research on R/S and coronary artery disease, hypertension, stroke, dementia, cardiac surgery outcomes, and mortality (CV mortality in particular). We then discuss mechanisms that help explain these relationships (focusing on psychological, social, and behavioral pathways) and present a theoretical causal model based on a Western religious perspective. Next we discuss the clinical applications of the research, and make practical suggestions on how cardiologists and cardiac surgeons can sensitively and sensibly address spiritual issues in clinical practice. Finally, we explore opportunities for future research. No research on R/S and cardiovascular disease has yet been published from Brazil, despite the tremendous interest and involvement of the population in R/S, making this an area of almost unlimited possibilities for researchers in Brazil.

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“…Studies indicate that practice of Meditation, Yoga and Breathing Techniques reduces psychological and physiologic response to stress factors and reductions in elevations in elevated cortisol (stress hormone) levels [35][36][37]. Research also shows a more coherent and integrated style of brain functioning, evidenced by EEG imaging, which is associated with lower stress reactivity [38]. Considerable reductions in psychological distress, including anxiety and depression, which were associated with decreased blood pressure among college students practicing Meditation [39].…”

Section: Impact Of Intervention Program On Ors and Burnout Among Animmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of the Art of Living Programme on Burnout and Organizational Role Stress among Animal Husbandry Personnel

JM¹

2015

J Psychiatry

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Journal of Psychiatry Outcome measures:The findings relate to the status of Burnout and ORS factors in case of Veterinarians and Paraveterinarians of Animal Husbandry Department. The findings also assess the changes in burnout and organizational role stress before and after the intervention. Methods:The Pareek's Occupational Stress scale and Maslach Burnout scale (MBI-GS) were used for data collection, while central tendencies, frequency, t-test, Co-efficient of Correlation ('r') were used for statistical analysis. The data were collected two times, i.e. pre and post intervention. Results:The data revealed that majority of veterinarians and paraveterinarians were having high Organizational Role Stress and low level of exhaustion and cynicism (~50%). The Organizational Role Stress varied for different role stresses in the range of 40% to 77% except Self Role Distance (SRD) which reduced to a considerable extent after the Art of Living program on Meditation, Sudarshan Kriya and Breathing Techniques. The percentage increased for lower category after the Art of Living programme. The personal efficacy increased in both the categories of the employees from 46% to 65% and 48% to 63% in the case of veterinarians and para veterinarians, respectively. Further, significant difference between pre and post score was observed in case of all three burnout sub-scales viz., Exhaustion, Cynicism and Personal Efficacy. Conclusion:It could be concluded that the Art of Living Program through Meditation, Sudarshan Kriya and Breathing Techniques had a significant impact on reducing all Organizational Role Stress and Burnout. The findings lead us to the unmistakable conclusion that Art of Living programme when conducted under proper environment have a salutary beneficial impact on organizational wellbeing of the individual.

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Effects of Transcendental Meditation practice on brain functioning and stress reactivity in college students

Cited by 131 publications

References 64 publications

Societal Violence and Collective Consciousness

Societal Violence and Collective Consciousness

Religion, spirituality and cardiovascular disease: research, clinical implications, and opportunities in Brazil

Impact of the Art of Living Programme on Burnout and Organizational Role Stress among Animal Husbandry Personnel

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