Effects of training and a single session of exercise on lipids and apolipoproteins in hypercholesterolemic men

Abstract

To differentiate between transient (acute) and training (chronic) effects of exercise at two different intensities on blood lipids and apolipoproteins (apo), 26 hypercholesterolemic men (cholesterol = 258 mg/dl, age = 47 yr, weight = 81.9 kg) trained three times per week for 24 wk, 350 kcal/session at high (80% maximal O2 uptake, n = 12) or moderate (50% maximal O2 uptake, n = 14) intensity. Serum lipid and apolipoprotein (apo) concentrations (plasma volume adjusted) were measured before and immediately, 24, and 48 h after exercise on four different occasions corresponding to 0, 8, 16, and 24 wk of training. Data were analyzed using three-way repeated-measures multivariate analysis of variance followed by analysis of variance and Duncan's procedures (alpha = 0.05). A transient 6% rise in low-density-lipoprotein cholesterol measured before training at the 24-h time point was no longer evident after training. Triglycerides fell and total cholesterol, high-density-lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), HDL3-C, apo A-I, and apo B rose 24-48 h after exercise regardless of training or intensity. Total cholesterol, HDL3-C, apo A-I, and apo B were lower and HDL2-C was higher after training than before training. Thus exercise training and a single session of exercise exert distinct and interactive effects on lipids and apolipoproteins. These results support the practice of training at least every other day to obtain optimal exercise benefits.

Familial Aggregation of Blood Lipid Response to Exercise Training in the Health, Risk Factors, Exercise Training, and Genetics (HERITAGE) Family Study

“…If the "genes" for initial LDL-C or fitness levels 29 also affect the LDL response (ie, pleiotropic effect), then the adjustment would remove their effects and the heritability would decrease. These results are consistent with Crouse et al 32 who reported that changes in LDL-C vary depending on training level. Our results suggest this depen- Values are meanϮSD or percent.…”

“…For example, acute changes in LDL-C measured 24 hours after a bout of exercise were significant before training but not after 24 weeks of training. 32 In the HERITAGE study, the lipid and lipoprotein responses are considered to index chronic effects to exercise training in sedentary individuals. 15 Although previous results for chronic effects of training are inconsistent, increases in HDL-C and reductions in TC, LDL-C, and TG are often reported.…”

The effects of progressive low to high intensity exercise training on blood lipids and lipoprotein profiles in collegiate adolescents

“…Several of the studies have investigated the effects of combined exercise and diet on lipids and lipoproteins but few have looked at the effects of physical exercise alone (2,18). Physical exercise has long been acknowledged as an important part of a healthy lifestyle, and recent scientific evidence has linked regular physical exercise to a wide range of physical health benefits.…”

Therapeutic Approaches to the Regulation of Metabolism of High-Density Lipoprotein

“…[107][108][109][110][111][112][113][114][115][116][117][118] Exercise training increases the HDL-C level by 2.53 mg/dl, 110 which should be associated with a decrease in cardiovascular risk of approximately 7%, according to epidemiological data on the relationship between HDL-C and the risk of CAD. 11 However, physical activity is associated with a much greater reduction in the risk for developing CAD (30-35%).…”