Effects of tourism development on economic growth: An empirical study of China based on both static and dynamic spatial Durbin models

Abstract

This study applies the dynamic spatial Durbin model (SDM) to explore the direct and spillover effects of tourism development on economic growth from the perspective of domestic and inbound tourism. The results are compared with those from the static SDM. The results support the tourism-led-economic-growth hypothesis in China. Specifically, domestic tourism and inbound tourism play a significant role in stimulating local economic growth. However, the spatial spillover effect is limited to domestic tourism, and the spatial spillover effect of inbound tourism is not significant. Furthermore, the long-term effects are much greater than the short-term impact for both domestic and inbound tourism. Plausible explanations of these results are provided and policy implications are drawn.

The Effect of the Image of Destinations on Household Income and Distribution: Evidence From China’s Tourist Cities

“…We aim to identify the effect of CETCI program on local household incomes. Tourism resources can promote tourist motivation and then the development of local tourism and economic development ( Benkraiem et al, 2020 ; Li, 2020 ; Liu et al, 2021 ). Additionally, the image of city destination established by tourism resources, including civil and official recognition, plays an important role in regional development ( Salehzadeh et al, 2016 ; Hwa-Kyung and Timothy, 2018 ).…”

Exploring and Evaluating the Impact of ICTs on Culture and Tourism Industries’ Convergence: Evidence from China

“…Since the improvement of the educational level of regional human resources is beneficial for exerting knowledge spillover effects, it is supposed that this factor is positively related to industrial convergence. Drawing on the research conducted by Liu et al [67], Croes et al [68], and Liu et al [69], this article adopted the human resources/labor force (LABOURit) as a control variable, taking the number of education years per capita as a proxy variable. The calculation method was as follows: (Sample population with primary school education × 6 + population with junior high school education × 9 + population with high school education × 12 + population with college degree and above × 16) ÷ total sample population of six years old and more.…”

“…Second, taking into account that foreign trade expands the consumer markets for culture and tourism products/services and improves the technical level of culture and tourism industries due to the advanced business models, it is expected to be positively correlated to industrial convergence. According to the studies by Liu et al [67], Cannonier and Burke [70], and Liu et al [69], this article incorporated the variable of foreign trade (OPENit), which is expressed by the ratio of the total export value of each province to the regional gross domestic product (GDP). Third, previous studies (see, for instance, Liu et al [67]; Cannonier and Burke [70]; Liu et al [69].)…”

“…According to the studies by Liu et al [67], Cannonier and Burke [70], and Liu et al [69], this article incorporated the variable of foreign trade (OPENit), which is expressed by the ratio of the total export value of each province to the regional gross domestic product (GDP). Third, previous studies (see, for instance, Liu et al [67]; Cannonier and Burke [70]; Liu et al [69].) have documented the important role of local government/authorities in the development of culture and tourism industries.…”

Exploring the Effects of Tourism Development on Air Pollution: Evidence from the Panel Smooth Transition Regression Model

“…In recent years, the tourism industry has been regarded as one of the strategic pillar industries of the Chinese national economy, partially because it exerts an increasingly important impetus to promote economic growth and increase employment [ 1 , 2 ]. According to data from of the Ministry of Culture and Tourism of the People’s Republic of China, the number of domestic tourist arrivals reached 6.0 billion in 2019, an increase of 8.4%, and the total tourism revenue reached 961.3 billion USD, an annual increase of 11%.…”