Effects of topical application of 0.4% oxybuprocaine hydrochloride ophthalmic solution and 1% ropivacaine hydrochloride on corneal sensitivity in rats

Abstract

The aim of the present study was to determine and compare the degree and duration of corneal anesthesia following topical application of 0.4% oxybuprocaine hydrochloride ophthalmic solution and 1% ropivacaine hydrochloride treatment in healthy rats. A randomized, blinded, crossover study was conducted on 20 healthy adult Wistar rats, following complete physical and ophthalmological examination. Baseline corneal touch threshold (CTT) was determined in the central corneal area of both eyes with a Cochet–Bonnet aesthesiometer, in mm filament length. Oxybuprocaine was randomly applied to one eye and 0.9% sterile sodium chloride solution was instilled into the contralateral eye. Subsequent CTT measurements were performed in both eyes 5 minutes after topical application and at 5-minute intervals thereafter for 75-minutes in the anesthetized eye. Following a 2-week washout period, this protocol was repeated with ropivacaine. Quantitative data were summarized as mean ± standard deviation, median and inter-quartile range (Q1–Q3). Repeated measures data were analyzed over time and between treatments using Friedman test and Wilcoxon signed-rank test with Bonferroni adjustment (p < 0.05). Baseline CTT values were 60 mm in all eyes. With oxybuprocaine, CTT values decreased significantly for 65 minutes (0–55 mm; p = 0.002) when compared with baseline; the maximal anesthetic effect (no blink response at 5 mm filament length) was maintained for up to 15 minutes (p < 0.0001). With ropivacaine, CTT values were significantly lower than baseline for 30 minutes (0–55 mm; p = 0.002), with a maximal anesthetic effect recorded at 5 minutes in 18 eyes (p < 0.0001). Oxybuprocaine induced a significantly lower CTT than ropivacaine (p = 0.002) from 10 to 65 minutes following topical application. Both anesthetic agents induced significant corneal anesthesia; however, oxybuprocaine provided a greater and longer anesthetic effect, making it more suitable for potentially painful ophthalmologic procedures.

New Insight in Pain Relief and Reparative Efficacy of rh-EGF on Rabbit Corneal Injury Running title：Rh-EGF: Pain Relief and Repair in Corneal Injury

“…The role of rh EGF in epithelial healing after injury is signi cant and can signi cantly improve clinical symptoms in patients [32] . Oxibuprocaine hydrochloride, as a local anesthetic, acts rapidly on the branches of the trigeminal nerve by administration from the conjunctival sac, thereby inhibiting or temporarily blocking the transmission of nerve signals, thus providing an anesthetic effect on the conjunctiva, cornea, sclera, and iris [33,34] .…”

Preservative-Free Topical Anesthetic Unit-Dose Eye Drops for the Management of Postoperative Pain Following Photorefractive Keratectomy

“…Most of the topical anesthetic-treated eyes in our study reported an average duration of anesthesia between 60 and 120 min after single-use application of the preservative-free oxybuprocaine, a finding that would help to reduce the need for frequent instillation described with tetracaine and proparacaine. The durability and less irritating adverse effects of topical oxybuprocaine hydrochloride 0.4% compared with other topical anesthetics have been shown in veterinary research studies [ 40 – 42 ].…”

The effect of 1% tropicamide on central corneal thickness and intraocular pressure

“…Local anaesthesia, 0.4% oxybuprocaine, is generally used for procedures involving the cornea, such as measuring the IOP, gonioscopy and removal of the foreign body, and may cause a reduction in IOP with GAT. 27,28,29 Diagnostic mydriatic agents are routinely used in most eye clinics; however, they can potentially increase IOP. 8,14,30 Furthermore, there is a paucity of similar studies in South Africa, including where there is measurement of CCT.…”