Effects of TiO2 and SiO2 additions on phase formation, microstructures and PTCR characteristics of Sb-doped barium strontium titanate ceramics

Effect of Na2Ti6O13 addition on the microstructure and PTCR characteristics of Ba0.94(Bi0.5K0.5)0.06TiO3 ceramics

“…There is a general agreement that the overall resistance of the PTCR ceramics was dependent on the resistance of the grain boundary regions, the value being affected by interaction with oxygen and changes to the density of acceptor states during processing [16]. At reoxidation stage, oxygen vacancies were lost and the Na-ions at the grain boundaries formed acceptor states, which led to the increase of room temperature resistivity.…”

Structure, Ferroelectric, Dielectric and Energy Storage Studies of Ba0.70Ca0.30TiO3, Ba(Zr0.20Ti0.80)O3 Ceramic Capacitors

“…La 3+ , Sb 3+ ) substitution on Ba 2+ site, or pentavalent ion (e.g. Nb 5+ , Ta 5+ ) substitution on Ti 4+ sites of the perovskite ABO 3 lattice [7]. Fe doped BaTiO 3 solid solutions are found to exhibit multiferroic properties, however ferroelectric properties of Fe-doped BT are not as pronounced as those of pure BT [8].…”

Synthesis and electrical characteristics of (1 − x)BaTiO3–xK0.5Bi0.5TiO3 PTCR ceramics

“…A shift of the phase transition temperature toward low or high temperatures was achieved by partial substitution of Ba 2þ ions by Sr 2þ or Pb 2þ , respectively [2,3]. However, lead-containing materials are highly toxic [4].…”