Effects of times and storage conditions of<i>Duddingtonia flagrans</i>chlamydospores in sodium alginate pellets on its nematode predatory ability

Li, Qiong Yi; Feng, Wei; Yang, Xue Cai; Wan, Xue Mei; Zhao, Tian Yu; Chang, Fan Fan; Jiang, Dequan; Wang, Bo Bo; Jia, Xiao Ye; Zhou, Xue Yan; Ran, Qian Dong; Pan, Hong; Shi, Jianqiang; Cai, Kui Zheng; Ren, Zhong

doi:10.1080/09583157.2019.1581131

Cited by 5 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…The spores then develop along with the worm eggs in the feces of the animal, the spores of the fungus begin to germinate, and the larvae that hatch further stimulate the mycelium of the fungus to specialize into feeding organs to feed on the larvae as nourishment for the fungus itself [9]. Due to the strong resistance of chlamydospore to harsh external environment, such as freezing and drying, chlamydospore as an effective component of feed additives, such as various formulation, lick blocks, and powders, has good commercial value [11][12][13]. Both powder and pellet formulation can effectively reduce infectious larvae in pasture and have obvious control effect on gastrointestinal nematodes in grazing horses, cattle, sheep, goats, and other livestock [14][15][16].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microstructure characterization of different types of chlamydospores in Arthrobotrys flagrans

Wang,

Wang

et al. 2023

J Basic Microbiol

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The morphological and structural differences of different types of chlamydospore of Arthrobotrys flagrans, a nematophagous fungus, were studied under light microscope and electron microscope to provide a reference for the biological control of parasitic nematodiasis. In this study, A. flagrans isolate F088 dormant chlamydospore and nondormant chlamydospore were selected as the research objects. The structural differences of these spores were observed by optical microscopy through lactol cotton blue, Trypan blue, and 3‐(4,5‐dimethylthiazol‐2‐yl)‐2,5‐diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) staining. FunXite ‐1, 4',6‐diamidino‐2‐phenylindole, and calcofluor white staining were used to observe the metabolic activity, cell wall, and nucleus differences of the two types of spores under fluorescence microscope. Ultrastructure of the two kinds of spores was observed using scanning electron microscope (SEM) and transmission electron microscope (TEM). Since lacto phenol cotton blue, trypan blue staining cannot distinguish dormant spores from dead spores, MTT assay was performed. Fluorescence microscopy observation showed that the cytoplasmic metabolic activity of nondormant spores was stronger than that of dormant spores. The nucleus of dormant spores was bright blue, and their fluorescence was stronger than that of nondormant spores. The cell wall of nondormant spores produced stronger yellow‐green fluorescence than that of dormant spores. Ultrastructural observation showed that there were globular protuberances on the surface of the two types of spores but with no significant difference between them. The inner wall of dormant spore possesses a thick zona pellucida with high electron density which was significantly thicker than that of nondormant spores, and their cytoplasm is also changed. In this study, the microstructure characteristics of dormant and nondormant chlamydospores of A. flagrans fungi were preliminarily clarified, suggesting that the state of cell wall and intracellular materials were changed after spores entered to dormancy.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microstructure characterization of different types of chlamydospores in Arthrobotrys flagrans

Wang,

Wang

et al. 2023

J Basic Microbiol

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“…The spores then develop along with the worm eggs in the feces of the animal, the spores of the fungus begin to germinate, and the larvae that hatch further stimulate the mycelium of the fungus to specialize into feeding organs to feed on the larvae as nourishment for the fungus itself [6]. Due to the strong resistance of chlamydospore to harsh external environment, such as freezing and drying, chlamydospore as an effective component of feed additives, such as various formulation, lick blocks and powders, has good commercial value [8][9][10]. Both powder and pellet formulation can effectively reduce infectious larvae in pasture, and have obvious control effect on gastrointestinal nematodes in grazing horses, cattle, sheep, goats and other livestock [11][12][13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microstructure characterization of different types of chlamydospores in Duddingtonia flagrans

Wang¹,

Wang²,

Li³

et al. 2023

Preprint

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The morphological and structural differences of different types of chlamydospore of Duddingtonia flagrans, a nematophagous fungus, were studied under light microscope and electron microscope to provide reference for the biological control of parasitic nematodiasis. In this study, D. flagrans isolate F088 dormant chlamydospore and non-dormant chlamydospore were selected as the research objects. The structural differences of these spores were observed by optical microscopy through lactol cotton blue, Trypan blue and MTT staining. FUN-1, DAPI and CFW staining were used to observe the metabolic activity, cell wall and nucleus differences of the two types of spores under fluorescence microscope. Ultrastructure of the two kinds of spores was observed using scanning electron microscope (SEM) and transmission electron microscope (TEM). Since lacto phenol cotton blue, trypan blue staining cannot distinguish dormant spores from dead spores, MTT assay was performed. Fluorescence microscopy observation showed that the cytoplasmic metabolic activity of non-dormant spores was stronger than that of dormant spores. The nucleus of dormant spores was bright blue, and their fluorescence was stronger than that of non-dormant spores. The cell wall of non-dormant spores produced stronger yellow-green fluorescence than that of dormant spores. Ultrastructural observation showed that there were globular protuberances on the surface of the two types of spores, but with no significant difference between them. The inner wall of dormant spore possesses a thick zona pellucida with high electron density which was significantly thicker than that of non-dormant spores, and their cytoplasm is also changed. In this study, the microstructure characteristics of dormant and non-dormant chlamydospores of D. flagrans fungi were preliminarily clarified, suggesting that the state of cell wall and intracellular materials were changed after spores entered to dormancy.

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“…Ferroptosis plays an important role in various tumor cells, such as fibrosarcoma, lung cancer, and prostate cancer cells [6][7][8]. In addition, several publications have reported that natural active components alleviate multidrug resistance in cancer and inhibit the progression of multiple tumors by inducing ferroptosis [9]. These findings suggest ferroptosis as a new player that regulates tumor-suppressive function.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development and Validation of a Novel Ferroptosis-Related Gene Signature for Predicting Prognosis and the Immune Microenvironment in Gastric Cancer

Wang

Chen

et al. 2021

BioMed Research International

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Ferroptosis is a mode of regulated cell death that depends on iron and plays pivotal roles in regulating various biological processes in human cancers. However, the role of ferroptosis in gastric cancer (GC) remains unclear. In our study, a total of 2721 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were filtered based on The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) ( n = 375 ) dataset. Weighted gene coexpression network (WGCNA) analysis was then used and identified 7 modules, of which the blue module with the most significant enrichment result was selected. By taking the intersections of the blue module and ferroptosis-related genes (FRGs), we obtained 23 common genes. Functional analysis was performed to explore the biological function of the genes of interest, and with univariate Cox regression (UCR) analysis, survival genes were screened to construct a prognostic model based on 3 genes (SLC1A5, ANGPTL4, and CGAS), which could play a role in predicting the survival of GC patients. UCR and multivariate Cox regression (MCR) analysis revealed that the prognostic index could be used as an independent prognostic indicator and validated using another GSE84437 dataset. Notably, patients in the high-risk group had higher mutation frequencies, such as TTN and TP53. TIMER analysis demonstrated that the risk score strongly correlated with macrophage and CD4+ T cell infiltration. In addition, the high- and low-risk groups illustrated different distributions of different immune statuses. Furthermore, the low-risk group had a higher immunophenoscore (IPS), which meant a better response to immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs). Finally, gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) revealed several significant pathways involved in GC. In this study, a novel FRG signature was built that could predict GC prognosis and reflect the status of the tumor immune microenvironment.

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Effects of times and storage conditions ofDuddingtonia flagranschlamydospores in sodium alginate pellets on its nematode predatory ability

Cited by 5 publications

References 19 publications

Microstructure characterization of different types of chlamydospores in Arthrobotrys flagrans

Microstructure characterization of different types of chlamydospores in Arthrobotrys flagrans

Microstructure characterization of different types of chlamydospores in Duddingtonia flagrans

Development and Validation of a Novel Ferroptosis-Related Gene Signature for Predicting Prognosis and the Immune Microenvironment in Gastric Cancer

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