Effects of tibial rotations on patellar tracking and patello-femoral contact areas

Hefzy, Mohamed Samir; Jackson, William T.; Saddemi, Stephen R.; Hsieh, Yeou‐Fang

doi:10.1016/0141-5425(92)90008-9

Cited by 107 publications

(70 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…10,13 In only four studies 9,10,18,20 the articular convention for the description of PFJ motion was the same as that of the present study; not in a single the patellar anatomical reference frame definition was the same as that of the present study. In addition, in these studies results were reported respectively from seven, one, eight, and four knee specimens, by magnetic sensors with 0.58 and 1.0 mm accuracy, and in a 0-908 TFJ flexion range only.…”

Section: D Patellar Motion At the Natural Knee During Passive Flexiomentioning

confidence: 71%

“…A number of studies, both in vitro [9][10][11][12][15][16][17][18][19][20] and in vivo, [21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28] have dealt with the identification of normal patellar motion, but differences in the accuracy of the measurement system used, range of knee motion examined, magnitude and direction of the load applied, and articular and anatomical conventions, hinder a thorough comparison of the results. 10,13 In only four studies 9,10,18,20 the articular convention for the description of PFJ motion was the same as that of the present study; not in a single the patellar anatomical reference frame definition was the same as that of the present study.…”

Section: D Patellar Motion At the Natural Knee During Passive Flexiomentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This is of high clinical relevance in total knee arthroplasty because complications at the PFJ represent one of the main causes of failure. 8,20 This study was aimed at contributing to the much controversial knowledge on normal PFJ kinematics. Despite the considerable clinical interest and the current thorough understanding of the TFJ, the PFJ has not been fully understood.…”

Section: D Patellar Motion At the Natural Knee During Passive Flexiomentioning

confidence: 99%

“…10,13 For this goal, patellar motion must be tracked in all six degrees of freedom, thus overcoming the traditional twodimensional X-ray based views. 14 A number of studies, both in vitro [9][10][11][12][15][16][17][18][19][20] and in vivo, [21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28] have dealt with patellar tracking by different methodological approaches and measuring devices. Among them, magnetic resonance and X-ray stereo-photogrammetry do not allow the acquisition of natural and continuous movements in a large range of knee positions.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Three‐dimensional patellar motion at the natural knee during passive flexion/extension. An in vitro study

Belvedere

Leardini

Bianchi

et al. 2009

Journal Orthopaedic Research

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Patellar maltracking may result in many patellofemoral joint (PFJ) disorders in the natural and replaced knee. The literature providing quantitative reference for normal PFJ kinematics according to which patellar maltracking could be identified is still limited. The aim of this study was to measure in vitro accurately all six-degrees-of-freedom of patellar motion with respect to the femur and tibia on 20 normal specimens. A state-of-the-art knee navigation system, suitably adapted for this study aim, was used. Anatomical reference frames were defined for the femur, tibia, and patella according to international recommendations. PFJ flexion, tilt, rotation, and translations were calculated in addition to standard tibiofemoral joint (TFJ) kinematics. All motion patterns were found to be generally repeatable intra-/ interspecimens. PFJ flexion was 62% of the corresponding TFJ flexion range; tilt and translations along femoral mediolateral and tibial proximodistal axes during TFJ flexion were found with medial, lateral, and distal trends and within 128, 6 and 9 mm, respectively. No clear pattern for PFJ rotation was observed. These results concur with comparable reports from the literature and contribute to the controversial knowledge on normal PFJ kinematics. Their consistence provides fundamental information to understand orthopedic treatment of the knee and for possible relevant measurements intraoperatively. ß

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Section: D Patellar Motion At the Natural Knee During Passive Flexiomentioning

confidence: 71%

Section: D Patellar Motion At the Natural Knee During Passive Flexiomentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: D Patellar Motion At the Natural Knee During Passive Flexiomentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Three‐dimensional patellar motion at the natural knee during passive flexion/extension. An in vitro study

Belvedere

Leardini

Bianchi

et al. 2009

Journal Orthopaedic Research

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“…There are a number of variations possible but only one will be presented here as the most commonly used example [12]. Shift has been defined as the movement of the patella parallel to (i.e.…”

Section: Patellar Motion In Terms Of Femoral and Patellar Body Fixed mentioning

confidence: 99%

Standardisation of the description of patellofemoral motion and comparison between different techniques

Bull

Katchburian

Shih

et al. 2002

Knee, Surg, Sports Traumatol, Arthrosc

114

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Patellofemoral motion is significant clinically, yet in the literature many different methods and terminologies are used, thus making comparison between papers difficult. The aim of this study was to review and explain the different methods used for the description of patellofemoral joint motion, compare these methods by experimentation, and propose a standardised method. We found three main methods for describing patellar motion: motion of the patella about femoral body fixed axes, about patellar body fixed axes, or a combination of these. Description about femoral body fixed axes does not make sense clinically. Description about patellar body fixed axes is straightforward, yet the definition of these axes is prone to error due to the lack of anatomical landmarks. The combination method makes most sense clinically and uses more easily found anatomical landmarks. Patellar flexion varied by up to 26% when describing the motion about different axes. Tilt and shift were highly sensitive to the choices of coordinate systems and the axes of motion. The pattern of rotation was consistent between all methods, however, differences between the methods increased with patellar flexion. We propose the description of patello-femoral motion in terms of shift (along a femoral medial-lateral axis), tilt (about the patellar long axis), rotation (about a floating patellar anterior-posterior axis) and flexion (about the femoral medial-lateral axis).

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Force Imaging

Roy¹,

Peeraer²

2002

Encyclopedia of Imaging Science and Technology

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The study of human locomotion has generated a substantial number of publications. Starting from evolutionary history, the authors try to give some insight into the transition from quadripedal to bipedal locomotion. The upright position and erect walking is accepted as one of the main characteristics that differentiate humans from animals. The available area of support during bipedal activities is thus restricted to that determined by one or both feet. The anatomical structure of the human foot, as well as the neuromuscular and circulatory control must have evolved to a multijoint dynamic mechanism that determines the complex interaction between the lower limb and the ground during locomotion. Consequently, besides gravitation, the external forces acting on the human body act on the plantar surface of the foot and generate movement according to Newton's laws. Thus, studying the latter, called the ground reaction force (GRF), is essential to the understanding of human normal and pathological locomotion. The GRF may, however, vary in point of application, magnitude, and orientation, necessitating the the sensors have to conform to the sometimes irregular body shape, technical problems due to sensor bending or other factors will occur. Foot pressure measurements, are of utmost importance in understanding the central role of biomechanical issues in treating the diabetic foot and other foot pathologies, as well as in the design, manufacture, and assessment of insoles and footwear for these patients. To this end, foot‐pressure distribution was at first assessed visually by using a so‐called podobarograph where the plantar surface of the foot is observed while standing on a glass plate. Because only barefoot images restricted to the equipment location could be studied, further developments aimed at systems that can be used to measure the pressure distribution between the plantar surface of the foot and footwear during free dynamic activities, in particular, during the gait. These insole measurement systems evolved during the last few decades from a unique, relatively large sensor placed under the foot location of interest to eight or more individual sensors placed under anatomical landmarks on the plantar surface of the foot. Measurement frequency was limited to the sampling rate of the analogue‐to‐digital converters and computers available at the time. The actual systems present an array of numerous small sensors distributed over the whole plantar surface of the foot, and thus eliminate the need for precise anatomical positioning. Sampling frequency went up to 500 Hz per sensor and higher, meaning that the registration system passes on information every 0.002 seconds, significantly improving the quality. Simultaneously, the measurement platforms, which are built into a walkway, evolved accordingly in sensor technology and sampling equipment. The small measurement area of the first systems, which was not much larger than the maximal foot size, is now transformed to plates available in virtually any size that present a geometric array of relatively small sensors (more than one per square cm) sampled at several hundreds of hertz (≥500 Hz).

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Effects of tibial rotations on patellar tracking and patello-femoral contact areas

Cited by 107 publications

References 39 publications

Three‐dimensional patellar motion at the natural knee during passive flexion/extension. An in vitro study

Three‐dimensional patellar motion at the natural knee during passive flexion/extension. An in vitro study

Standardisation of the description of patellofemoral motion and comparison between different techniques

Force Imaging

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