Effects of thyroxine therapy on bone metabolism in postmenopausal women with hypothyroidism

Affinito, P.; Sissi, Claudia; Farace, M. J.; Carlo, Costantino Di; Moccia, G.; Canciello, Pasqualina; Palomba, Stefano; Nappi, Carmine

doi:10.3109/00016349609054714

Cited by 26 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…A longer duration of levothyroxine therapy seemed not to be associated to reduced bone mineral density as most studies found no correlation of therapy length and bone mineral density (Florkowski et al, 1993;Franklyn et al, 1992;Frusciante et al, 1998;Fujiyama et al, 1995b;Giannini et al, 1994;Görres et al, 1996;Hanna et al, 1998;Hawkins et al, 1994;Kung and Pun, 1991;Kung et al, 1993;Langdahl et al, 1996;Marcocci et al, 1994;1997;Müller et al, 1995;Ongphiphadhanakul et al, 1996;Radetti et al, 1993;Stall et al, 1990;Tümer et al, 1999) and in few studies therapy length correlated negatively to bone mineral density (Affinito et al, 1996…”

Section: Patient and Treatment Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…High quality studies also found the same mixture of outcomes across both dose categories and all study designs, with differing effects being reported by an almost equal number of studies. No effects were found by 3 studies (Franklyn et al, 1992;Guo et al, 1997), mixed effects mostly by older studies (Adlin et al, 1991;Franklyn et al, 1994;Kung and Pun, 1991;Müller et al, 1995), and overall bone mineral loss by 3 studies (Affinito et al, 1996;Kung et al, 1993) among these the only large, new study using QUS (Hadji et al, 2000).…”

Section: Patient and Treatment Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Effect of Levothyroxine Therapy on Bone Mineral Density: A Systematic Review of the Literature

Schneider

Reiners

2004

Exp Clin Endocrinol Diabetes

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Section: Patient and Treatment Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Patient and Treatment Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Levothyroxine Therapy on Bone Mineral Density: A Systematic Review of the Literature

Schneider

Reiners

2004

Exp Clin Endocrinol Diabetes

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“…The detrimental effect of thyroid hormones appeared more marked on cortical bone than on trabecular bone [26]. We will briefly review the major studies appeared in literature afterwards which can be divided into those showing a detrimental effect of LT4 on BMD and those showing no such an effect [12–24]. A summary of the main features of these studies is reported in Table 4.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bone Demineralization in Postmenopausal Women: Role of Anamnestic Risk Factors

Vignera

Condorelli

Vicari

et al. 2012

International Journal of Endocrinology

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This study evaluated the effects of LT4 administration on the bone mineral density (BMD) in physiological postmenopausal women after two years of continuative treatment. 110 postmenopausal women with nodular goiter aged between 50 and 55 years were examined before and after 2 years of therapy with a fixed dose of LT4 (1.6 mcg/kg/die) for the treatment of nodular thyroid disease. The results showed that the patients on treatment with LT4 have a slight, but significant reduction of the BMD after 2 years of treatment, associated with increased serum levels of alkaline phosphatase and urinary excretion of hydroxyproline, confirming our data conducted on the same group after one year of therapy. Comparison between patients receiving LT4 (group A) or not (group B) showed that group A patients had significantly lower BMD. We demonstrated the statistically significant influence of the following risk factors on BMD: (1) body mass index <19 kg/m2; (2) the onset of menarche after the age of 15 years; (3) positive history for period of amenorrhoea; (4) nulliparity.

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“…Além disso, foi demonstrado que a osteopenia em ratas hipertireóideas não é progressiva e que a responsividade do osso aos hormônios tireoidianos varia de acordo com o indivíduo, com o sítio ósseo e com o tempo de administração da tiroxina (47). A maioria dos autores considera a osteoclasia como o principal processo de reabsorção óssea (75,94,95), mas foi demonstrado que a reabsorção induzida pelo hipertireoidismo se dá muito mais pela atividade dos osteócitos profundos, ou seja, pela osteólise osteocíti-ca, sendo a osteoclasia pouco atuante (47). Embora os osteócitos apresentem receptores para o PTH, sua participação como mediador da reabsorção óssea induzida pelo hipertireoidismo é controversa e não foi ainda elucidada (87,90,96,97).…”

Section: Ribeiro Et Alunclassified

A osteoporose e os distúrbios endócrinos da tireóide e das gônadas

Ribeiro

Serákides

Nunes

et al. 2003

Arq Bras Endocrinol Metab

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Arq Bras Endocrinol Metab vol 47 nº 3 Junho 2003 228 RESUMOApesar da dedicação incessante dos pesquisadores no estudo da osteoporose, muito ainda necessita ser elucidado. A deficiência dos esteróides sexuais, principalmente a de estrógeno, é considerada a principal causa de osteoporose, embora existam inúmeros outros fatores envolvidos. O hipertireoidismo, por exemplo, é considerado um dos fatores de risco para indução ou agravamento da osteoporose e tem despertado o interesse para o estudo dos efeitos de T3 e T4 sobre o metabolismo ósseo. Embora o hipotireoidismo e a afuncionalidade das gônadas seja uma associação freqüente na mulher, a hipofunção da tireóide não é considerada fator de risco para a osteoporose da menopausa. Assim, o estudo da inter-relação entre os distúrbios endócrinos, tão comuns na idade avançada, e a osteoporose é fundamental, pois deste conhecimento poderão advir meios de controle e tratamento adequados, bem como a definição da real natureza do distúrbio ósseo. O objetivo desta revisão é apresentar e discutir alguns aspectos da osteoporose e sua inter-relação com os distúrbios endócrinos da tireóide e das gônadas. ABSTRACT Osteoporosis and the Endocrine Disturbances of Thyroid and Gonads.Despite the incessant dedication of the researchers to the study of osteoporosis, a lot still needs to be elucidated. The deficiency of sexual steroids, mainly of estrogen, is considered the main cause of osteoporosis, although a number of other factors are involved. Hyperthyroidism, for instance, is considered a risk factor for induction or aggravation of osteoporosis and has risen the interest in the study of the effects of T3 and T4 on osseous metabolism. Although hypothyroidism and gonadic dysfunction are frequently associated in women, thyroid hypofunction is not considered as a risk factor for postmenopausal osteoporosis. Thus, the study of the inter-relationship between endocrine disturbances, so common in advanced age, and osteoporosis is fundamental. Adequate means of control and treatment may result from this knowledge, as well as a definition of the real nature of the bone disturbance. The aim of this review is to present and discuss some aspects of osteoporosis and its inter-relation with the endocrine dysfunctions of the thyroid and the gonads.

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Effects of thyroxine therapy on bone metabolism in postmenopausal women with hypothyroidism

Abstract: Our study suggests that thyroxine replacement therapy in patients with suppressed thyroid stimulating hormone levels increases postmenopausal bone loss.

Cited by 26 publications

References 22 publications

The Effect of Levothyroxine Therapy on Bone Mineral Density: A Systematic Review of the Literature

The Effect of Levothyroxine Therapy on Bone Mineral Density: A Systematic Review of the Literature

Bone Demineralization in Postmenopausal Women: Role of Anamnestic Risk Factors

A osteoporose e os distúrbios endócrinos da tireóide e das gônadas

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