Effects of three different formulae of Gamisoyosan on lipid accumulation induced by oleic acid in HepG2 cells

Abstract

BackgroundGamisoyosan (GSS) is an herbal formula which has been used to treat women’s diseases for several hundred years in Korea. GSS is one of the three most common prescriptions among women and is used to treat menopausal symptoms. Fatty liver disease is also common in postmenopausal women and can precede more severe diseases, such as steatohepatitis. The present study compared the effects of GSS on fatty liver using three different formulae, Dongui-Bogam (KIOM A), Korean Pharmacopeia (KIOM B) and Korean National Health Insurance (KIOM C).MethodsIn oleic acid-induced HepG2 fatty liver cells, cellular lipid accumulation, triglycerides and total cholesterol were measured after treatment with three GSS formulae and simvastatin as a positive control. To investigate the phytoestrogen activity of GSS, MCF-7 cells were treated with GSS, and hormone levels were quantified. Also, qualitative analysis was performed with UPLC.ResultsAll types of GSS decreased cellular lipid accumulation. KIOM A was slightly less effective than the other two GSS formulae. KIOM B and KIOM C decreased cellular triglycerides more effective than simvastatin, but KIOM A did not affect cellular triglycerides. Cellular total cholesterol was decreased by all GSS and simvastatin. GSS showed phytoestrogen activity in MCF-7 cells. From the UPLC analysis data, geniposide, paeoniflorin and glycyrrhizin were detected form three GSS formulae.ConclusionThese results suggest that all GSS formulae have a beneficial effect on fatty liver disease during menopause and that differences of formula have no effect on the efficacy of the prescription.

Paeonol, an Ingredient of Kamishoyosan, Reduces Intracellular Lipid Accumulation by Inhibiting Glucocorticoid Receptor Activity in 3T3-L1 Cells

“…Hormones and cytokines released from adipocytes are involved in the aggravation of diseases for which KSS is prescribed [20][21][22][23][24]. KSS reduces lipid accumulation in human hepatoma HepG2 cells in the presence of oleic acid [25]. In Kampo medicine, Orengedokuto, inhibits differentiation of 3T3-L1 cells and Yokukansan reduces fat synthesis by reducing the expression of the transcription factor SREBP-1c and glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase and increasing the expression of antioxidant enzymes via the transcription factor FoxO1 in differentiating 3T3-L1 cells [26,27].…”

Antioxidant Effect of Wheat Germ Extracts and Their Antilipidemic Effect in Palmitic Acid-Induced Steatosis in HepG2 and 3T3-L1 Cells

“…Cellular triglyceride (TG) content was quantified according to a previously described method with some modifications [ 36 , 37 ]. In brief, HepG2 and 3T3-L1 cells were seeded in 12 plates (1 × 10 5 cells/well).…”

Effect of traditional herbal medicine, danggui-yukhwang-tang, on post-menopausal weight gain in ovariectomized high-fat diet rats

“…To measure total intracellular lipid content, 3T3-L1 cells were stained by the Oil Red O (ORO) method as previously described [20]. Briefly, after cell differentiation, cells were washed twice with phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) and fixed with 10% formalin for 30 min at room temperature.…”

Hepatoprotective effects of Gamisoyo-san against acetaminophen-induced liver injuries

“… 13 Our previous studies showed that GMSYS possesses anti-inflammatory effects by reducing the expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase and cyclooxygenase-2, as well as the release of nitric oxide, prostaglandin E 2 , tumor necrosis factor alpha, and interleukin-6 in RAW 264.7 macrophages. 14 In addition, Go et al 15 reported that GMSYS inhibited lipid accumulation induced by oleic acid in HepG2 cells. 15 However, the hepatoprotective effect of GMSYS has not yet been investigated.…”

“… 14 In addition, Go et al 15 reported that GMSYS inhibited lipid accumulation induced by oleic acid in HepG2 cells. 15 However, the hepatoprotective effect of GMSYS has not yet been investigated. In the present study, we investigate the protective efficacy and mechanisms of GMSYS on APAP-induced hepatotoxicity using BNL CL.2 cells and a mouse model.…”