Effects of thinning and understory removal on the soil water-holding capacity in Pinus massoniana plantations

Wang, Ting; Xu, Qing; Gao, Deqiang; Zhang, Beibei; Zuo, Haijun; Jiang, Jing

doi:10.1038/s41598-021-92423-5

Cited by 19 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 67 publications

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“…However, superabundant mother culms in high-density stands caused increased competition for nutrients, water, sunlight, and stand space [31][32][33] and were not conducive to increased bamboo-shoot yield. Secondly, density management can change soil physical and chemical properties, affecting crop yield [15,34,35]. In our study, soil-nutrient content increased and then decreased with increasing stand density (Tables A1 and A2), which was almost consistent with the changes in shoot yield and density.…”

Section: The Bamboo-shoot Yieldsupporting

confidence: 80%

Density Management Is More Cost Effective than Fertilization for Chimonobambusa pachystachys Bamboo-Shoot Yield and Economic Benefits

Liu

Zhou

et al. 2022

Forests

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Stand-density management and fertilization practices are the main two factors affecting bamboo-shoot yield. However, the appropriate density and fertilization rates are still unclear for improving the bamboo-shoot yield and its economic benefits, especially for a high economic value bamboo-shoot forest. To fill this gap, we conducted a two-year split-plot design experiment in a Chimonobambusa pachystachys shoot forest. The main plots were assigned to five density rates, 40,000, 50,000, 60,000, 70,000, and 100,000 culms ha−1, and the subplots were assigned to four fertilization rates (nitrogen:phosphorus:potassium = 23:3:15): 0, 820, 1640, and 2460 kg ha−1 a−1. Results showed that the bamboo-shoot yield increased first and then decreased with stand density, while it increased with fertilization rates. Density management and fertilization regulate bamboo-shoot yield by changing the soil’s Olsen P, available nitrogen, organic matter, and available potassium contents. The maximum bamboo-shoot yield was 9315.92 kg ha−1, which appeared in the density of 60,000 culms ha−1 and the fertilization of 2460 kg ha−1 a−1. However, the maximum bamboo-shoot net profit was 135,242.63 CNY ha−1, which appeared at the density of 60,000 culms ha−1 and the fertilization of 1640 kg ha−1 a−1. The economic-benefit analysis shows that density management achieves a net-profit growth comparable to fertilizer application at a much lower cost. The study results provide a basis for the scientific management of C. pachystachys shoot forests and bamboo farmers to improve their income.

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Section: The Bamboo-shoot Yieldsupporting

confidence: 80%

Density Management Is More Cost Effective than Fertilization for Chimonobambusa pachystachys Bamboo-Shoot Yield and Economic Benefits

Liu

Zhou

et al. 2022

Forests

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“…Contrary to our first hypothesis, short-term (5 years) CNA significantly influenced the composition of soil bacterial and fungal communities ( Supplementary Figures 2 , 3 ). This finding supported most studies of understory N addition ( Freedman et al, 2015 ; Wang T. et al, 2021 ) but was inconsistent with Shi et al (2016) , who found that CNA did not change the composition of soil microbial communities in a subtropical or temperate forest. The difference in experimental duration might explain this inconsistency.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 65%

“…Understory vegetation removal is an important silviculture practice in plantation ecosystems ( Wang T. et al, 2021 ). The understory is removed to reduce competition between tree and understory species and increase lumber production ( Wu et al, 2011 ; Wang et al, 2014 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Soil bacterial community is more sensitive than fungal community to canopy nitrogen deposition and understory removal in a Chinese fir plantation

Jin

2022

Front. Microbiol.

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Soil microorganisms are key regulators for plant growth and ecosystem health of forest ecosystem. Although previous research has demonstrated that soil microorganisms are greatly affected by understory nitrogen (N) addition, little is known about the effects of canopy N addition (CNA) and understory management on soil microorganisms in forests. In this study, we conducted a full designed field experiment with four treatments: CNA (25 kg N ha–1 year–1), understory removal (UR), canopy N addition, and understory removal (CNAUR) (25 kg N ha–1 year–1), and control in a Chinese fir plantation. High-throughput sequencing and qPCR techniques were used to determine the abundance, diversity, and composition of bacterial and fungal communities in three soil layers. Our results showed that CNA increased bacterial diversity in the 10–20 cm soil layer but decreased bacterial abundance in the 20–40 cm soil layer and fungal diversity in the 0–10 cm soil layer. UR increased bacterial abundance only in the 20–40 cm soil layer. CNA, not UR significantly altered the compositions of soil bacterial and fungal community compositions, especially in the 0–20 cm soil layer. CNA sharply reduced the relative abundance of copiotrophic taxa (i.e., taxa in the bacterial phylum Proteobacteria and the orders Eurotiales and Helotiales in the fungal phylum Ascomycota) but increased the relative abundance of oligotrophic taxa (i.e., in the bacterial phylum Verrucomicrobia). RDA analysis revealed that soil pH, DON, and DOC were the main factors associated with the variation in bacterial and fungal communities. Our findings suggest that short-term CNA changes both soil bacterial and fungal communities, with stronger responses in the surface and middle soil than in the deep soil layer, and that UR may enhance this effect on the soil bacterial abundance. This study improves our understanding of soil microorganisms in plantations managed with understory removal and that experience increases in N deposition.

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“…Soil pH value according to a soil-water ratio of 1:5 was measured with a Shanghai Lei Magnetic Multi-parameter Water Quality Analyzer DZS-708. EC was measured in the soil at a depth of 10 cm using a FieldScout EC450 m. Maximum moisture capacity, capillary capacity, and field capacity (FC) were measured using the cutting ring method without compaction treatment (Wang et al, 2021). Total phosphate (P) content was measured using ICP-MS after microwave digestion (MARS5, CEM, United States) (0.1 g sample + 6 mL concentrated nitric acid).…”

Section: Sample Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of different biochar particle sizes together with bio-organic fertilizer on rhizosphere soil microecological environment on saline–alkali land

Zhang

Liang

et al. 2022

Front. Environ. Sci.

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The application of biochar and bio-organic fertilizers (BOFs) is effective for improving soil ecological environments. However, soil physicochemical properties and the microbiome diversity of rhizosphere soil after the application of different-sized particles of biochar together with BOF in saline–alkali land have not been thoroughly described. A field experiment was performed to investigate the effects of different-sized particles of apple shoot biochar (60, 30, and 10 mesh) together with BOF on soil bacteria (using Illumina high-throughput sequencing) and the physicochemical properties of Mesembryanthemum cordifolium L. f. grown on saline–alkali land. Results indicated that the combined application of BOF and 10–60 mesh biochar reduced the volumetric weight of soil by 14%–29%, respectively, and additionally decreased soil electrical conductivity, increased the aerial biomass of the M. cordifolium L. f. by over 30%, and notably improved soil water–holding capacity, with 60 mesh giving the best results; organic carbon (OC), organic matter (OM), total nitrogen (N), available phosphorus, alkaline nitrogen, total potassium (K), and total phosphorus (P) were all significantly increased by the addition of combined biochar and BOF; thereinto, field capacity, N, P, K, OC, and OM were positively correlated with the bacterial community structure of coapplied biochar and BOF. There were no significant differences in the richness of total bacteria among the treatments; Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, and Chloroflexi accounted for >70% of the total bacteria in each treatment; Norank_f__Geminicoccaceae and Micromonospora were the dominant genera across the treatments. The findings suggested that plant growth, physicochemical properties, and community diversity of rhizosphere bacteria in saline–alkali land were significantly positively influenced by biochar 60 mesh plus BOF, followed by biochar 10 and 30 mesh plus BOF. This conclusion could facilitate the study of the ecological functions of biochar and BOF, as well as their interactions with salt-tolerant plants on saline–alkali soil, which can be used to provide exploration ideas for saline–alkali land improvement.

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Effects of thinning and understory removal on the soil water-holding capacity in Pinus massoniana plantations

Cited by 19 publications

References 67 publications

Density Management Is More Cost Effective than Fertilization for Chimonobambusa pachystachys Bamboo-Shoot Yield and Economic Benefits

Density Management Is More Cost Effective than Fertilization for Chimonobambusa pachystachys Bamboo-Shoot Yield and Economic Benefits

Soil bacterial community is more sensitive than fungal community to canopy nitrogen deposition and understory removal in a Chinese fir plantation

Effect of different biochar particle sizes together with bio-organic fertilizer on rhizosphere soil microecological environment on saline–alkali land

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