Effects of the UV filter, oxybenzone, adsorbed to microplastics in the clam Scrobicularia plana

O'Donovan, Sarit; Mestre, Nélia C.; Abel, Serena M.; Fonseca, Tainá Gárcia da; Carteny, Camilla Catarci; Willems, Tim; Prinsen, Els; Cormier, Bettie; Keiter, Steffen; Bebianno, Maria João

doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.139102

Cited by 50 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 85 publications

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“…On the contrary, the evaluation of BP-3 toxic mechanisms in fish barely exists. Still, oxidative stress was reported as the main cause of BP-3-induced damage in corals, marine bivalves [31,54] and in freshwater fish [55,56]. According to the present data, it can be stated that no oxidative stress occurred, since no LPO was found in any of the studied organs.…”

Section: Organ-specific Oxidative Stress Profilessupporting

confidence: 48%

Mild Effects of Sunscreen Agents on a Marine Flatfish: Oxidative Stress, Energetic Profiles, Neurotoxicity and Behaviour in Response to Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles and Oxybenzone

Carvalhais

Pereira

Sabato

et al. 2021

IJMS

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UV filters are potentially harmful to marine organisms. Given their worldwide dissemination and the scarcity of studies on marine fish, we evaluated the toxicity of an organic (oxybenzone) and an inorganic (titanium dioxide nanoparticles) UV filter, individually and in a binary mixture, in the turbot (Scophthalmus maximus). Fish were intraperitoneally injected and a multi-level assessment was carried out 3 and 7 days later. Oxybenzone and titanium dioxide nanoparticles induced mild effects on turbot, both isolated and in mixture. Neither oxidative stress (intestine, liver and kidney) nor neurotoxicity (brain) was found. However, liver metabolic function was altered after 7 days, suggesting the impairment of the aerobic metabolism. An increased motility rate in oxybenzone treatment was the only behavioural alteration (day 7). The intestine and liver were preferentially targeted, while kidney and brain were unaffected. Both infra- and supra-additive interactions were perceived, with a toxicodynamic nature, resulting either in favourable or unfavourable toxicological outcomes, which were markedly dependent on the organ, parameter and post-injection time. The combined exposure to the UV filters did not show a consistent increment in toxicity in comparison with the isolated exposures, which is an ecologically relevant finding providing key information towards the formulation of environmentally safe sunscreen products.

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Section: Organ-specific Oxidative Stress Profilessupporting

confidence: 48%

Mild Effects of Sunscreen Agents on a Marine Flatfish: Oxidative Stress, Energetic Profiles, Neurotoxicity and Behaviour in Response to Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles and Oxybenzone

Carvalhais

Pereira

Sabato

et al. 2021

IJMS

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“…In addition, the reduced fecundity of copepods will also lead to the reduction of food resources for higher marine organisms, thereby threatening the balance of the marine ecosystem. Moreover, MPs released from SMs can also act as a vector of other pollutants (e.g., plasticizers) in the marine environment and might cause a cumulative effect on marine organisms. − All of these related ecotoxicological consequences will require more attention and further study of ecological risk assessments of the MPs released from SMs. The results of this study indicate an urgent need to minimize the risk of this emerging threat through better environmental management, policy, and law enforcement for ensuring proper disposal of SMs worldwide.…”

Section: Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Release of Microplastics from Discarded Surgical Masks and Their Adverse Impacts on the Marine Copepod Tigriopus japonicus

Sun

Yang

Zhou

et al. 2021

Environ. Sci. Technol. Lett.

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Surgical masks (SMs) are the most commonly used personal protective equipment during the COVID-19 pandemic. Due to their vast use and inappropriate disposal worldwide, SMs could potentially cause serious microplastic (MP) pollution in coastal marine environments. This study aimed to investigate the kinetic release of MPs from polypropylene SMs (PP-SMs) in seawater and to evaluate the chronic toxicity of the released MPs to the marine copepod Tigriopus japonicus. On the basis of the results of our kinetic study and available relevant data, we estimated that SMs discarded throughout the year 2020 would lead to >1370 trillion MPs entering the coastal marine environment globally, with a release rate of 396 billion MPs per day. Our results also demonstrated that the copepods ingested the MPs released from PP-SMs, causing a significant decline in their fecundity. The results clearly suggest the MPs released from improperly discarded SMs could have a long-term domino effect on coastal marine ecosystems. To minimize the risk of this emerging threat, better environmental management, policy, and law enforcement for ensuring the proper disposal of SMs are deemed to be necessary.

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“…In shellfish, oxybenzone exposure can intensify the manifestations of ocean acidification, potentially altering shell formation (Chaves Lopes et al, 2020). Marine microplastic debris is now considered a global scourge, and the coupling of sunscreen pollution with micro‐/nano‐plastics pollution enhances the toxicity of both stressors (Beiras et al, 2018; O'Donovan et al, 2020; Achar et al, 2021; Na et al, 2021; Song et al, 2021; Montero et al, 2022). Nitrogen and phosphorous pollution are often combined with sunscreen chemicals (e.g.…”

Section: Sunscreen Pollutionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sunscreen pollution and tourism governance: Science and innovation are necessary for biodiversity conservation and sustainable tourism

Downs

Remengesau

2022

Aquatic Conservation

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1. Sunscreen pollution can be a symptom of unsustainable tourism and coastal development, impacting marine and aquatic resources. When introduced into marine and freshwater ecosystems, sunscreen pollution can cause a cascade of insults to the ecological structure, from impacting primary production to reducing wildlife reproductive viability and fecundity.2. Without intervention, tourism and its associated development in these coastal areas may become self-destructive, ultimately degrading or destroying the natural resources that are the principal attractions. The environmental sciences that focus on pollution, such as ecotoxicology, environmental contaminant surveys and monitoring, and ecological risk assessments are critical for both describing the pollution phenomenon and identifying pollution sources, as well as providing the basis for mitigation.3. As a case study, the Republic of Palau has taken the step of implementing a precautionary governance policy to tourism that conserves and protects its marine and aquatic resources from chemical factors that are known to contribute to sunscreen and cosmetic pollution. 4. Governance policies can inspire the cosmetic and fashion industries to innovate product formulations that are shown to be ecologically safera critical and viable option for pollution mitigation and an essential component for sustained conservation. Safer products and a precautionary approach to governance, when combined with ecologically and culturally cognizant branding and education, may contribute to an authentic experience that effectively promotes environmentally sustainable tourism.

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Effects of the UV filter, oxybenzone, adsorbed to microplastics in the clam Scrobicularia plana

Cited by 50 publications

References 85 publications

Mild Effects of Sunscreen Agents on a Marine Flatfish: Oxidative Stress, Energetic Profiles, Neurotoxicity and Behaviour in Response to Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles and Oxybenzone

Mild Effects of Sunscreen Agents on a Marine Flatfish: Oxidative Stress, Energetic Profiles, Neurotoxicity and Behaviour in Response to Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles and Oxybenzone

Release of Microplastics from Discarded Surgical Masks and Their Adverse Impacts on the Marine Copepod Tigriopus japonicus

Sunscreen pollution and tourism governance: Science and innovation are necessary for biodiversity conservation and sustainable tourism

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