Effects of the polychlorinated biphenyl aroclor 1242 on locomotor activity and on the neurotransmitters dopamine and norepinephrine in the brain of the gulf killifish,Fundulus grandis

Fingerman, Sue W.; Russell, Lisa C.

doi:10.1007/bf01985592

“…Although he did not understand the underlying mechanism of this growth enhancement, Bengtsson (1979) noted that thyroid hormones regulate fish growth. Much research has documented that PCBs alter thyroid hormone (T) levels in a variety of fish species (Mayer et al ., 1977; Leatherland et al ., 1978; Fingerman & Russell, 1980; Besselink et al ., 1996; Palace et al ., 2001; Brown et al ., 2004) although the pattern of whether T 3 or T 4 is more affected, and the dynamic changes in response to dose and over time seems to be complex and variable by species.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Age structure and growth of Semotilus atromaculatus(Mitchill) in PCB‐contaminated streams

Henshel

¹

,

Sparks

²

,

Simon

³

et al. 2006

Journal of Fish Biology

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Creek chub Semotilus atromaculatus from two PCB contaminated streams (Clear Creek and Richland Creek) at three locations and a reference stream (Little Indian Creek), Indiana, U.S.A., were examined to determine if age class structure and growth variables were correlated with in-situ PCB exposure. Approximately five to 15 fish were captured weekly during the spring spawning season and monthly thereafter for a 12 month period. Fish collected ranged from 25 to 267 mm total length (L T ). Throughout the course of this study, no spawning activity was observed at either location in Clear Creek, although some very small young-of-the-year (YOY) creek chub fry were observed at the downstream location by late summer. Creek chub nests were observed in both Richland Creek and Little Indian Creek but YOY were common only in Little Indian Creek. Exposure to PCBs was shown to both enhance and decrease growth in varied laboratory tests; subtle but significant gender-specific differences in the growth of creek chub populations between the sites were observed. Creek chub up to 24 months in age from Clear Creek and Richland Creek were significantly larger (both L T and mass for males and L T for females) than reference site creek chub. This trend was reversed for creek chub aged !24 months as the reference site fish were consistently larger with reference males weighing significantly more. Older age classes of creek chub were missing in areas of higher PCB contamination. Female population growth rates and individual instantaneous growth rates were consistently higher at the reference site in comparison to the PCB-contaminated sites. Calculation of 'functional b' (as a condition factor) did indicate that growth enhancement in young males did occur at the most contaminated site and reductions in growth (mass relative to L T ) occurred in females from all contaminated sites. Furthermore, longterm survivorship for females was reduced in the PCB-contaminated streams. All of these subtle alterations in growth would not have been observed if males and females had not been analysed separately.

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“…In fish, studies relating behavioral alterations to perturbations in the catecholaminergic neurotransmission are scarce, with most available data concerning locomotor activity. In the gulf killifish Fundulus grandis exposed to aroclor 1242 (polychlorinated biphenyl), Fingerman and Russell [39] showed that changes in locomotor behavior might be related to changes in the concentrations of brain catecholamines. These authors found that swimming activity of the fish increased while NE and dopamine levels in the whole brain decreased.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biochemical and Behavioral Effects of Carbofuran in Goldfish (Carassius Auratus)

Bretaud¹,

Saglio²,

Saligaut³

et al. 2002

Environ Toxicol Chem

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The effects of concentration (5, 50, and 500 microg/L) and duration (24, 48 h) of exposure to carbofuran, a carbamate insecticide, were assessed on brain catecholamine (norepinephrine [NE] and dopamine), plasma glucose, and hepatic glycogen contents and behavioral activities of goldfish (Carassius auratus). After 24 h of exposure to 50 and 500 microg/L, the level of NE was increased in the olfactory bulbs. The same effect was observed after a 48-h exposure to 500 and 50 microg/L in the telencephalic hemispheres and in the hypothalamus, respectively. An increase in the level of dopamine was also found in hypothalamus after 48 h of exposure to 500 microg/L carbofuran. Plasma glucose increased in concentration after both periods of exposure to carbofuran at 50 and 500 microg/L. Hepatic glycogen concentration decreased after a 48-h exposure to the highest concentration. Behavioral endpoints related to swimming pattern and social interactions were affected after a 24-h exposure to the lowest concentration tested (5 microg/L). The relative sensitivities of these different types of responses to exposure to carbofuran are discussed in light of data on the neurotoxic effects of carbamate and organophosphate insecticides in fish.

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“…Infish, studies relating behavioral alterations to perturbations in the catecholaminergic neurotransmission are scarce, with most available data concerning locomotor activity. In the gulf killifish Fundulus grandis exposed to aroclor 1242 (polychlorinated biphenyl), Fingerman and Russell [39] showed that changes in locomotor behavior might be related to changes in the concentrations of brain catecholamines. These authors found that swimming activity of the fish increased while NE and dopamine levels in the whole brain decreased.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biochemical and behavioral effects of carbofuran in goldfish (Carassius auratus)

Bretaud¹,

Saglio²,

Saligaut³

et al. 2002

Enviro Toxic and Chemistry

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The effects of concentration (5, 50, and 500 microg/L) and duration (24, 48 h) of exposure to carbofuran, a carbamate insecticide, were assessed on brain catecholamine (norepinephrine [NE] and dopamine), plasma glucose, and hepatic glycogen contents and behavioral activities of goldfish (Carassius auratus). After 24 h of exposure to 50 and 500 microg/L, the level of NE was increased in the olfactory bulbs. The same effect was observed after a 48-h exposure to 500 and 50 microg/L in the telencephalic hemispheres and in the hypothalamus, respectively. An increase in the level of dopamine was also found in hypothalamus after 48 h of exposure to 500 microg/L carbofuran. Plasma glucose increased in concentration after both periods of exposure to carbofuran at 50 and 500 microg/L. Hepatic glycogen concentration decreased after a 48-h exposure to the highest concentration. Behavioral endpoints related to swimming pattern and social interactions were affected after a 24-h exposure to the lowest concentration tested (5 microg/L). The relative sensitivities of these different types of responses to exposure to carbofuran are discussed in light of data on the neurotoxic effects of carbamate and organophosphate insecticides in fish.

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Effects of the polychlorinated biphenyl aroclor 1242 on locomotor activity and on the neurotransmitters dopamine and norepinephrine in the brain of the gulf killifish,Fundulus grandis

Cited by 37 publications

References 17 publications

Age structure and growth of Semotilus atromaculatus(Mitchill) in PCB‐contaminated streams

Age structure and growth of Semotilus atromaculatus(Mitchill) in PCB‐contaminated streams

Biochemical and Behavioral Effects of Carbofuran in Goldfish (Carassius Auratus)

Biochemical and behavioral effects of carbofuran in goldfish (Carassius auratus)

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