Effects of the microwave heating on the properties of gadolinium-doped cerium oxide prepared by polyol method

Rapid microwave-assisted synthesis of PVP-coated ultrasmall gadolinium oxide nanoparticles for magnetic resonance imaging

“…[33][34][35] This result obtained from previous studies by using the spectroscopic analysis such as Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR). 34 Here we studied this mechanism by using thermodynamic.…”

“…The oxidation of alcohol groups leads to the formation of aldehyde and then oxalic acid. Gondoliniet al 33 by confirming this mechanism reported that two alcohol groups in DEG are also oxidized to the carboxylic acid.…”

Gd2O2S:Eu3+ Nanophosphors: Microwave Synthesis and X-ray Imaging Detector Application

“…The third weight loss region was observed between ~400 and ~650 °C. In this region, the samples showed a weight loss of about 15% (by mass) corresponding to the degradation of the CH 3 COO groups from ethylene glycol and their oxidation to carboxylic acids 11 . A continuous weight loss (18% by mass) was observed over the temperature range of 650-900 °C, attributed to the oxidation (exothermic reaction at ~950 °C) of the precursors and the crystallization of amorphous Gd 2 (SO 4 ) 3 into crystalline Gd 2 O 2 SO 4 particles.…”

“…Various methods such as the conventional solid-state reaction 5 , combustion 6 , solvothermal 7 , hydrothermal 8 , solgel 9 , and precipitation 10 methods have been reported for the synthesis of red-emitting Gd 2 O 2 S:Eu 3+ nanophosphors. Most of these methods require high sintering temperatures, which effects the expansion of the crystalline lattice and lead to the mechanical instability 11 of the resulting nanophosphors.…”

Characterization of Nd and Sm Co-Doped CeO2-Based Systems

“…samaria doped or gadolinia doped ceria), stabilized Bi 2 O 3 and strontium doped lanthanum gallate are used as electrolyte materials for SOFC applications. A typical SOFC which uses yttria stabilized zirconia (YSZ) as the electrolyte requires high operation temperature (1000 • C) to achieve sufficient ionic conductivity [2]. Such a high operation temperature required for YSZ can cause technological problems, such as mechanical instability, reduced lifetime and undesirable reactions between the cell components (electrolyte, electrodes, and interconnecting materials) [3,4].…”