Effects of the micro/nanostructure of electrospun zein fibres on cells in simulated blood flow environment

Shen, Naian; Zhang, Yue; Raza, Ali; Liu, Chang; Wang, Jin‐Ye

doi:10.1016/j.msec.2021.111900

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…In light of the analysis results of monolayer samples, bilayer sample production is carried out to obtain vascular prostheses by combining selected monolayers, which are thought to imitate the natural vascular structure in the best way in terms of mechanical and biological properties and eliminate the inadequacies of the individual layers. In native blood vessels, it is known that the endothelial cells (ECs) align in the direction of the blood flow in the tunica intima, whereas the smooth muscle cells (SMCs), collagen, and elastin fibers located in the tunica media align circumferentially to withstand the mechanical stresses . Thus, the inner layer of the produced vascular grafts is composed of randomly distributed fibers, while the outer layer is composed of radially oriented fibers to imitate the native blood vessel structure.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimization of Electrospun Bilayer Vascular Grafts through Assessment of the Mechanical Properties of Monolayers

Ozdemir,

Oztemur,

Sezgin

et al. 2024

ACS Biomater. Sci. Eng.

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Small-diameter vascular grafts must be obtained with the most appropriate materials and design selection to harmoniously display a variety of features, including adequate tensile strength, compliance, burst strength, biocompatibility, and biodegradability against challenging physiological and hemodynamic conditions. In this study, monolayer vascular grafts with randomly distributed or radially oriented fibers are produced using neat, blended, and copolymer forms of polycaprolactone (PCL) and poly(lactic acid) (PLA) via the electrospinning technique. The blending ratio is varied by increasing 10 in the range of 50−100%. Bilayer graft designs are realized by determining the layers with a random fiber distribution for the inner layer and radial fiber orientation for the outer layer. SEM analysis, wall thickness and fiber diameter measurements, tensile strength, elongation, burst strength, and compliance tests are done for both mono-and bilayer scaffolds. The findings revealed that the scaffolds made of neat PCL show more flexibility than the neat PLA samples, which possess higher tensile strength values than neat PCL scaffolds. Also, in blended samples, the tensile strength values do not show a significant improvement, whereas the elongation values are enhanced in tubular samples, depending on the blending ratio. Also, neat poly(L-lactide-co-caprolactone) (PLCL) samples have both higher elongation and strength values than neat and blended scaffolds, with some exceptions. The blended specimens comprising a combination of PCL and PLA, with blending ratios of 80/20 and 70/30, exhibited the most elevated burst pressures. Conversely, the PLCL scaffolds demonstrated superior compliance levels. These findings suggest that the blending approach and fiber orientation offer enhanced burst strength, while copolymer utilization in PLCL scaffolds without fiber alignment enhances their compliance properties. Thus, it is evident that using a copolymer instead of blending PCL and PLA and combining the PLCL layer with PCL and PLA monolayers in bilayer vascular graft design is promising in terms of mechanical and biological properties.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimization of Electrospun Bilayer Vascular Grafts through Assessment of the Mechanical Properties of Monolayers

Ozdemir,

Oztemur,

Sezgin

et al. 2024

ACS Biomater. Sci. Eng.

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“…After heat treatment, the content of β-sheet in secondary structure of zein fibers increased significantly, which may be the reason for the enhancement of its micro compression properties. Our previous study showed that higher temperature treatment could improve swelling resistance of zein fiber when used for cell culture purpose [34]. In the process of removing porogen, the fibers without dry heat treatment fused with zein particles, which may be beneficial to improve the toughness of scaffolds.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Improvement of mechanical properties of zein porous scaffold by quenching/electrospun fiber reinforcement

Liu¹,

Yang²,

Shen³

et al. 2021

Biomed. Mater.

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As a novel bone substitute material, zein-based scaffolds (ZS) should have suitable mechanical properties and porosity. ZS has shown good compressive properties matching cancellous bone, but there is still a demand to improve its mechanical properties, especially tensile and bending properties without adding plasticizers. The present study explored two simple and environment-friendly factors for this purpose: fiber reinforcement and quenching. Addition of electrospun zein fibers enhanced all mechanical properties significantly including compressive, tensile, and bending moduli; compressive and bending strengths of ZS with both higher (70–80%) and lower (50–60%) porosities, no matter whether heating treated or not treated. Especially, all these parameters were further enhanced significantly by addition of heating treated fibers. AFM provided evidence that high temperature modification could significantly alter the micro-elastic properties of zein electrospun fibers, i.e., increased stiffness of fibers. Quenching treatment also enhanced compressive, tensile, and bending strengths significantly. Finally, quenching treated ZS were implanted into critical-sized bone defects (15 mm) of the rabbit model to compare the repair efficacy with a commercial β-tricalcium phosphate product. The results demonstrated that there were no remarkable differences in bone reconstructions between these two materials.

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“…Furthermore, the number of activated macrophages was also observed to increase on scaffolds with larger fiber diameters, which is important for the remodeling of the scaffold. In another study, Shen et al [111] analyzed the role of fiber diameter on cells ability to resist shear stress. Using electrospun zein, the primary protein found in corn, aligned fibers with diameters of 112 ± 31 nm, 513 ± 80 nm, and 959 ± 147 nm were generated.…”

Section: Fiber Morphology and Alignmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrospun nanofiber scaffold for vascular tissue engineering

Rickel

Deng

Engebretson

et al. 2021

Materials Science and Engineering: C

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Due to the prevalence of cardiovascular diseases, there is a large need for small diameter vascular grafts that cannot be fulfilled using autologous vessels. Although medium to large diameter synthetic vessels are in use, no suitable small diameter vascular graft has been developed due to the unique dynamic environment that exists in small vessels. To achieve long term patency, a successful tissue engineered vascular graft would need to closely match the mechanical properties of native tissue, be non-thrombotic and non-immunogenic, and elicit the proper healing response and undergo remodeling to incorporate into the native vasculature. Electrospinning presents a promising approach to the development of a suitable tissue engineered vascular graft. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the different polymers, techniques, and functionalization approaches that have been used to develop an electrospun tissue engineered vascular graft.

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Effects of the micro/nanostructure of electrospun zein fibres on cells in simulated blood flow environment

Cited by 5 publications

References 38 publications

Optimization of Electrospun Bilayer Vascular Grafts through Assessment of the Mechanical Properties of Monolayers

Optimization of Electrospun Bilayer Vascular Grafts through Assessment of the Mechanical Properties of Monolayers

Improvement of mechanical properties of zein porous scaffold by quenching/electrospun fiber reinforcement

Electrospun nanofiber scaffold for vascular tissue engineering

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