Effects of the individual saturated fatty acids on serum lipids and lipoprotein concentrations

Mensink, R.P.

doi:10.1093/ajcn/57.5.711s

Cited by 186 publications

(245 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…A diet rich in SFA has been shown to increase plasma LDL-cholesterol and decrease the HDL cholesterol concentrations, resulting in an increased LDL-to-HDL ratio (45). Female S/S offspring had the highest LDL-to-HDL ratio among all other groups, suggesting that a continuous exposure to high-SFA intake during the prenatal and postnatal time periods had additive effects, thus increasing the risk of developing CVD in females.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…The deleterious effects of SFA intake on the plasma lipid parameters are in line with the proposed effects of SFA intake. It has been established that a high-SFA intake increases the risk of CVD by causing dyslipidemia (45). Some, but not all of the previous studies investigating the role of maternal high-fat feeding in the fetal programming of adult disorders have reported features of dyslipidemia in the offspring (26,35,37).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Developmental programming of lipid metabolism and aortic vascular function in C57BL/6 mice: a novel study suggesting an involvement of LDL-receptor

Chechi

McGuire²,

Cheema³

2009

American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comp

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Chechi K, McGuire JJ, Cheema SK. Developmental programming of lipid metabolism and aortic vascular function in C57BL/6 mice: a novel study suggesting an involvement of LDL-receptor. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 296: R1029 -R1040, 2009. First published February 4, 2009 doi:10.1152/ajpregu.90932.2008We have previously shown that a maternal high-fat diet, rich in saturated fatty acids (SFA), alters the lipid metabolism of their adult offspring. The present study was designed to investigate 1) whether alterations in hepatic LDL-receptor (LDL-r) expression may serve as a potential mechanism of developmental programming behind the altered lipid metabolism of the offspring, 2) whether altered lipid metabolism leads to aortic vascular dysfunction in the offspring, 3) whether deleterious effects of SFA exposure preweaning are influenced by postweaning diet, and 4) whether gender-specific programming effects are observed. Female C57Bl/6 mice were fed a high-SFA diet or regular chow during gestation and lactation while their pups, both male and female, received either SFA or a chow diet after weaning. Male offspring obtained from mothers fed an SFA diet and those who continued on chow postweaning had higher plasma triglycerides and total cholesterol, whereas female offspring had higher plasma total and LDL cholesterol levels, lower hepatic LDL-r mRNA expression, and reduced aortic contractile responses compared with the offspring that were fed chow throughout the study. A comparison of the postweaning diet revealed significantly lower hepatic LDL-r expression along with significantly higher plasma LDL-cholesterol concentration in the female offspring that were obtained from mothers fed an SFA diet and who continued on an SFA diet postweaning, compared with the female offspring that were obtained from mothers fed an SFA diet but who continued on chow postweaning. In conclusion, we report a novel observation of hepatic LDL-r-mediated programming of altered lipid metabolism, along with aortic vascular dysfunction, in the female offspring of mothers fed a high-SFA diet. Male offspring only exhibited dyslipidemia, suggesting gender-mediated programming. This study further highlighted the role of postweaning diets in overriding the effects of maternal programming. fetal programming; plasma lipids; hepatic LDL-receptor; dietary fats; cardiovascular disease RECENT EVIDENCE BASED ON THE developmental origins of health and disease hypothesis suggests that early nutrition can be critical in determining the cardiovascular health of an individual (43, 44). According to this hypothesis, which was originally known as Barker's hypothesis, an adverse maternal nutrition during gestation can create a stressed environment for the developing fetus. The fetus responds to this nutritional stress by programming its own growth in a way that could increase its risk of developing metabolic disorders in later life (6 -8). Considering that a typical Western diet is rich in dietary fat content (17), especially saturated fatty acids (SFA), s...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Developmental programming of lipid metabolism and aortic vascular function in C57BL/6 mice: a novel study suggesting an involvement of LDL-receptor

Chechi

McGuire²,

Cheema³

2009

American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comp

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“…I tillegg inkluderte vi en metaanalyse av Mensink som var publisert av WHO i 2016 147 . Oversiktsartiklene omhandler flere ulike risikofaktorer, men vi konsentrerte oss om blodlipider, blodtrykk og diabetes type 2.…”

Section: Mettet Fett Og Kausale Risikofaktorer For Hjerteog Karsykdomunclassified

“…Utskifting av mettet fett med karbohydrater generelt har ingen signifikant effekt på total-HDL-kolesterol-ratio 147 , og det har ifølge metaanalyser ingen klar sammenheng med hjerte-og karsykdom eller dødelighet.…”

Section: Nasjonale Og Faglige Anbefalingerunclassified

“…Av kostrådene vi har gjennomgått er det kun Frankrike som gir ulike mål for spesifikke mettede fettsyrer 97 ; kun de kolesteroløkende fettsyrene laurinsyre, myristinsyre og palmitinsyre anbefales å begrenses til høyst 8 E%. Det har for kjent i over 50 år at fettsyren stearinsyre (C18:0) ikke øker total-og LDL-kolesterol sammenliknet med karbohydrater, noe nyere metaanalyser bekrefter 147,276,277 . I praksis er det vanskelig å øke inntaket av stearinsyre isolert, uten samtidig å øke inntaket av de andre mettede fettsyrene.…”

Section: Betydningen Av Ulike Typer Og Kilder Til Mettet Fettunclassified

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Misvisende om kosthold i ny nasjonal retningslinje for forebygging av hjerte- og karsykdommer

Narverud¹,

Christensen²,

Ottestad³

et al. 2017

Tidsskriftet

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Vegetarian Dietary Patterns and Cardiometabolic Risk in People With or at High Risk of Cardiovascular Disease

Wang,

Kroeger,

Cassidy

et al. 2023

JAMA Netw Open

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IMPORTANCEPlant-based diets are known to improve cardiometabolic risk in the general population, but their effects on people at high risk of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) remain inconclusive.OBJECTIVETo assess the association of vegetarian diets with major cardiometabolic risk factors, including low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), systolic blood pressure (SBP), and body weight in people with or at high risk of CVDs.DATA SOURCESThis meta-analysis was registered before the study was conducted. Systematic searches performed included Embase, MEDLINE, CINAHL, and CENTRAL from inception until July 31, 2021.STUDY SELECTIONEligible randomized clinical trials (RCTs) that delivered vegetarian diets in adults with or at high risk of CVDs and measured LDL-C, HbA1c or SBP were included. Of the 7871 records screened, 29 (0.4%; 20 studies) met inclusion criteria.DATA EXTRACTION AND SYNTHESISTwo reviewers independently extracted data including demographics, study design, sample size, and diet description, and performed risk of bias assessment. A random-effects model was used to assess mean changes in LDL-C, HbA1c, SBP, and body weight. The overall certainty of evidence was evaluated using the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) tool.MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURESMean differences between groups in changes (preintervention vs postintervention) of LDL-C, HbA1c, and SBP; secondary outcomes were changes in body weight and energy intake.RESULTSTwenty RCTs involving 1878 participants (range of mean age, 28-64 years) were included, and mean duration of intervention was 25.4 weeks (range, 2 to 24 months). Four studies targeted people with CVDs, 7 focused on diabetes, and 9 included people with at least 2 CVD risk factors. Overall, relative to all comparison diets, meta-analyses showed that consuming vegetarian diets for an average of 6 months was associated with decreased LDL-C, HbA1c, and body weight by 6.6 mg/dL (95% CI, −10.1 to −3.1), 0.24% (95% CI, −0.40 to −0.07), and 3.4 kg (95% CI, −4.9 to −2.0), respectively, but the association with SBP was not significant (−0.1 mm Hg; 95% CI, −2.8 to 2.6). The GRADE assessment showed a moderate level of evidence for LDL-C and HbA1c reduction.CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCEIn this study, consuming a vegetarian diet was associated with significant improvements in LDL-C, HbA1c and body weight beyond standard therapy in individuals at high risk of CVDs. Additional high-quality trials are warranted to further elucidate the effects of healthy plant-based diets in people with CVDs.

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Effects of the individual saturated fatty acids on serum lipids and lipoprotein concentrations

Cited by 186 publications

References 9 publications

Developmental programming of lipid metabolism and aortic vascular function in C57BL/6 mice: a novel study suggesting an involvement of LDL-receptor

Developmental programming of lipid metabolism and aortic vascular function in C57BL/6 mice: a novel study suggesting an involvement of LDL-receptor

Misvisende om kosthold i ny nasjonal retningslinje for forebygging av hjerte- og karsykdommer

Vegetarian Dietary Patterns and Cardiometabolic Risk in People With or at High Risk of Cardiovascular Disease

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