Effects of the inclusion of carbohydrases and different soybean meals in the diet on palatability, digestibility and faecal characteristics in dogs

Félix, Ananda Portella; Carvalho, Marcelo Pereira de; Alarça, Laís Guimarães; Brito, Cleusa Bernardete Marcon de; Oliveira, Simone Gisele de; Maiorka, Alex

doi:10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2012.03.013

Cited by 28 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…Several studies have demonstrated that this ingredient has good digestibility (Carciofi et al, 2006;Clapper et al, 2001;Maria et al, 2017). Studies have been published describing attempts to increase the nutritional value of soybean meal, especially with the addition of enzymes to diets with good results on digestibility (Félix et al, 2012) and postprandial protein utilization (Tortola et al, 2013). Other soya bean co-products have been studied for dog diets, such as full fat micronized soya bean, which has nutrient digestibility similar or superior to the PBM (Carciofi et al, 2009).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Processing traits and digestibility of extruded dog foods with soy protein concentrate

Venturini

Sarcinelli

Baller

et al. 2018

Animal Physiology Nutrition

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Soya bean protein concentrate (SPC) with two particle sizes were evaluated on extrusion parameters, kibble formation, digestibility and palatability of dog foods. Eight diets were extruded: PBM-control diet based on poultry by-product meal (PBM); GM-a diet in which corn gluten meal (GM) replaced 45% of the diet protein; cSPC15%, cSPC30% and cSPC45%-diets in which SPC of coarse particle size (600 μm) replaced 15%, 30% and 45% of the diet protein; and sSPC15%, sSPC30% and sSPC45%-diets in which SPC of small particle size (200 μm) replaced 15%, 30% and 45% of the diet protein. The digestibility of nutrients was evaluated for the PBM, GM, cSPC45% and sSPC45% diets, using six dogs per food. The PBM, GM and cSPC45% diets were compared for palatability. Data were submitted for analysis of variance, and the means were compared by polynomial contrasts or Tukey's test (p < .05). The cSPC increased the specific mechanical energy (SME) application, extrusion temperature and pressure linearly, resulting in lower kibble density and higher expansion and starch gelatinization (SG) (p < .01). When comparing the PBM, GM, cSPC45% and sSPC45% diets, higher SME, extrusion temperature and pressure, SG and kibble expansion were verified for the cSPC45% diet (p < .05). The DM, fat and crude protein digestibility were similar among diets. Faecal pH, ammonia and lactate did not differ, demonstrating that the removal of oligosaccharides and soluble non-starch polysaccharides of SPC produces an ingredient with mostly non-fermentable fibre. Dogs preferred the PBM to the GM diet (p < .05), but consumed the PBM and cSPC45% foods equally. In conclusion, SPC exhibited good extrusion functionality, favouring kibble expansion and SG, with high digestibility, similar to that of PBM. The removal of soluble compounds from soya beans resulted in an ingredient with low fermentable fibre content, which did not alter faecal formation or characteristics.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Processing traits and digestibility of extruded dog foods with soy protein concentrate

Venturini

Sarcinelli

Baller

et al. 2018

Animal Physiology Nutrition

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“…Cats preferentially use amino acids for gluconeogenesis to maintain the glucose needs of their relatively large brain as reviewed in Eisert (). Like other carnivores including mink (Mayntz et al., ), feral cats (Plantinga et al., ) and domestic dogs (Félix et al., ; Hewson‐Hughes et al., ), domestic cats can regulate their intake to a specific target.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of macronutrient composition and palatability in wet diets on food selection in cats

Salaun¹,

Blanchard²,

Paih³

et al. 2016

Animal Physiology Nutrition

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Cats are obligate carnivores adapted to high-protein diets, but are commonly fed diets rich in carbohydrate. The aim of this study was to examine the food intake choices of cats when diets with different protein and carbohydrate contents were offered. Thirty-nine cats participated in voluntary dietary intake studies. Four foods were formulated to provide between 24% and 53% of metabolizable energy as protein, between 43% and 11% as carbohydrate and holding dietary fat constant with a contribution of approximately 36%. Foods were offered either singly to evaluate voluntary food intake or in pairs to compare food intake between pairs of diets. Cats regulated their macronutrient intake to attain an overall diet composition that provided 53% of metabolizable energy as protein, 11% as carbohydrate and 36% as fat. The protein contribution corresponded to approximately 6 g of protein/kg body weight/day. High-protein/low-carbohydrate diets were always eaten preferentially over low-protein/high-carbohydrate foods. When low-protein/high-carbohydrate diets were offered, cats limited their food intake to limit daily carbohydrate intake to less than 3 g of carbohydrate/kg body weight. This carbohydrate ceiling may limit protein and even energy intake when only low-protein/high-carbohydrate diets were offered. The inclusion of palatability enhancer in the diets increased food intake but did not change protein or carbohydrate intake patterns, indicating that macronutrient intake can be regulated regardless of the use of palatability enhancers in cats. We conclude that cats can discriminate between diets based on macronutrient composition and regulate their intake to maintain maximal protein intake but limit carbohydrate intake.

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“…Félix et al (2012) found that the supplementation with carbohydrase enzymes stimulated food intake in dogs, as the first choice when compared to the same diet without enzymes. No other information in literature about this effect in dogs was found, and more studies are needed in order to understand the role of enzymes in stimulating food intake in these animals.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of the addition of papain enzyme on digestive parameters and palatability of extruded diets for dogs

Santos

Sá

Souza

et al. 2017

Braz. J. Vet. Res. Anim. Sci.

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Common protein sources used in the manufacturing of diets for dogs are derived from by-products, which may have reduced digestibility depending on the source. This study evaluated the effect of the addition of a protease, the papain enzyme, as a supplement to extruded diets on palatability, nutrient digestibility, and fecal production and quality of dogs. A diet was formulated with poultry by-product meal, meat and bone meal, and feather meal as protein sources. This formula was divided into three isonutrient diets: one negative control (NC), without enzymes; treatment one (EZ1) with addition of 855.000 UI of papain per kilogram of diet, and treatment two (EZ2) with addition of 2.280.000 UI of papain per kilogram of diet, both added before extrusion. The experiment followed a randomized block design, with two blocks of nine animals (three animals per treatment in each block), 18 dogs in total, and six replicates per treatment. Data were submitted to analysis of variance and the means of three treatments were compared by polynomial contrasts (P < 0.05). No differences in the coefficients of total tract apparent digestibility of nutrients nor changes in palatability, pH, and fecal production among treatments were found with the addition of different doses of enzyme to the diets (P > 0.05). The fecal score was reduced with increased addition of enzyme (P < 0.05). Keywords: Additive. Canine. Digestibility. Protein. ResumoAs fontes comuns de proteína utilizadas na fabricação de rações para cães são oriundas de coprodutos, os quais podem apresentar digestibilidade reduzida de acordo com a fonte. Este estudo avaliou os efeitos da adição da enzima papaína em dietas secas e extrusadas na palatabilidade, digestibilidade dos nutrientes, qualidade e produção fecal de cães adultos. Uma dieta foi formulada contendo farinha de vísceras de frango, farinha de carne e ossos e farinha de penas hidrolisadas como fontes proteicas. Esta foi posteriormente dividida em três dietas isonutrientes: controle negativo (CN) sem adição da enzima; adição de 855.000 UI de papaína por quilograma de ração (EZ1); e adição de 2.280.000 UI de papaína por quiilograma de ração (EZ2), ambas adições feitas antes da extrusão. O experimento seguiu delineamento em blocos casualizados, com dois blocos de nove animais (três animais por tratamento em cada bloco), totalizando 18 cães, e seis repetições por tratamento. Os dados obtidos foram submetidos a análise de variância, com as médias dos três tratamentos comparadas por contrastes polinomiais (P < 0,05). Não foram verificadas diferenças nos coeficientes de digestibilidade aparente dos nutrientes ou mesmo alterações na palatabilidade, pH e produção de fezes entre os tratamentos com diferentes inclusões de enzima (P > 0,05). Apenas o escore fecal reduziu com o aumento da adição da enzima (P < 0,05). Palavras-chave: Aditivo. Canino. Digestibilidade. Proteína.

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Effects of the inclusion of carbohydrases and different soybean meals in the diet on palatability, digestibility and faecal characteristics in dogs

Cited by 28 publications

References 17 publications

Processing traits and digestibility of extruded dog foods with soy protein concentrate

Processing traits and digestibility of extruded dog foods with soy protein concentrate

Impact of macronutrient composition and palatability in wet diets on food selection in cats

Effect of the addition of papain enzyme on digestive parameters and palatability of extruded diets for dogs

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