Effects of the Ethanol Extract of Dipterocarpus alatus Leaf on the Unpredictable Chronic Mild Stress-Induced Depression in ICR Mice and Its Possible Mechanism of Action

Daodee, Supawadee; Monthakantirat, Orawan; Ruengwinitwong, Kanlaya; Gatenakorn, Kankrittanon; Maneenet, Juthamart; Khamphukdee, Charinya; Şekeroğlu, Nazım; Chulikhit, Yaowared; Kijjoa, Anake

doi:10.3390/molecules24183396

Cited by 20 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…In a different study, the ethanolic extract from the Dipterocarpus alatus leaf, containing flavonoids (luteolin-7- O -glucoside, kaempferol-3-glucoside, rutin) and phenolic acids (gallic acid, ferulic acid, and caffeic acid) as major constituents, showed an antidepressant activity, resulting in the attenuation of anhedonia (increased sucrose preference) and behavioral despair (decreased immobility time in tail suspension test and forced swimming test) in an UCMS mouse model of depression. Administration of the extract (100 and 500 mg/kg for 3 weeks) not only decreased the UCMS-induced elevation of serum CORT levels and the hyperactivation of the HPA axis, but also normalized, in a dose-dependent manner, the mRNA expression of SGK1, cyclic AMP-responsive element binding (CREB) and its downstream target BDNF in the frontal cortex and hippocampus, effects similar to those observed with imipramine (20 mg/kg) ( Daodee et al, 2019 ). In addition, in an in vitro assay, the extract exerted also a partial selective inhibition on the enzyme monoamine oxidase (MAO)-A, whose abnormal activity is reported to play an important role in depressive disorders ( Naoi et al, 2018 ).…”

Section: Sgk1 Target Of New Antidepressant-mimicking Compoundsmentioning

confidence: 71%

The Emerging Role of SGK1 (Serum- and Glucocorticoid-Regulated Kinase 1) in Major Depressive Disorder: Hypothesis and Mechanisms

et al. 2020

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Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a heterogeneous psychiatric disease characterized by persistent low mood, diminished interests, and impaired cognitive and social functions. The multifactorial etiology of MDD is still largely unknown because of the complex genetic and environmental interactions involved. Therefore, no established mechanism can explain all the aspects of the disease. In this light, an extensive research about the pathophysiology of MDD has been carried out. Several pathogenic hypotheses, such as monoamines deficiency and neurobiological alterations in the stress-responsive system, including the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis and the immune system, have been proposed for MDD. Over time, remarkable studies, mainly on preclinical rodent models, linked the serum-and glucocorticoid-regulated kinase 1 (SGK1) to the main features of MDD. SGK1 is a serine/threonine kinase belonging to the AGK Kinase family. SGK1 is ubiquitously expressed, which plays a pivotal role in the hormonal regulation of several ion channels, carriers, pumps, and transcription factors or regulators. SGK1 expression is modulated by cell stress and hormones, including gluco-and mineralocorticoids. Compelling evidence suggests that increased SGK1 expression or function is related to the pathogenic stress hypothesis of major depression. Therefore, the first part of the present review highlights the putative role of SGK1 as a critical mediator in the dysregulation of the HPA axis, observed under chronic stress conditions, and its controversial role in the neuroinflammation as well. The second part depicts the negative regulation exerted by SGK1 in the expression of both the brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), resulting in an anti-neurogenic activity. Finally, the review focuses on the antidepressant-like effects of anti-oxidative nutraceuticals in several preclinical model of depression, resulting from the restoration of the physiological expression and/or activity of SGK1, which leads to an increase in neurogenesis. In summary, the purpose of this review is a systematic analysis of literature depicting SGK1 as molecular junction of the complex mechanisms underlying the MDD in an effort to suggest the kinase as a potential biomarker and strategic target in modern molecular antidepressant therapy.

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Section: Sgk1 Target Of New Antidepressant-mimicking Compoundsmentioning

confidence: 71%

The Emerging Role of SGK1 (Serum- and Glucocorticoid-Regulated Kinase 1) in Major Depressive Disorder: Hypothesis and Mechanisms

et al. 2020

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“…Vehicle (0.5% sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, SCMC, HiMedia laboratories, Mumbai, India), vitamin E (Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, MO, USA) and KBD were daily administered for 3 weeks after day 21 ( Figure 6) at 8.00 am, as previously described by Daodee et al [48]. On the behavioral testing day, all treatments were conducted 1 h before testing.…”

Section: Drug Administrationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The UCMS model was used to induce depressive-like symptoms in mice, as previously described by Daodee et al [48]. Mice were randomly divided into five groups; a non-stress group (control group) and four other groups, subjected to UCMS for 6 weeks.…”

Section: Unpredictable Chronic Mild Stress (Ucms)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…All the data of antioxidant enzymes activities, brain MDA and oxidative index levels were normalized to their total protein concentration in the sample in order to account for possible differences in protein concentrations between samples. The protein concentration of the hippocampus and frontal cortex homogenates was determined by the Bradford method [48].…”

Section: Determination Of Catalase (Cat) and Superoxide Dismutase (Somentioning

confidence: 99%

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Kleeb Bua Daeng, a Thai Traditional Herbal Formula, Ameliorated Unpredictable Chronic Mild Stress-Induced Cognitive Impairment in ICR Mice

et al. 2019

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Thai traditional herbal formula ‘’Kleeb Bua Daeng (KBD)’’consists of a 1:1:1 ratio (dry weight) of three medicinal plants: Piper nigrum fruit, the aerial part of Centella asiatica and the petals of Nelumbo nucifera. Oral administration of KBD to unpredictable chronic mild stress (UCMS) mice significantly improved their cognitive function caused by chronic mild stress. Daily administration of KBD significantly decreased the serum corticosterone (CORT) and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels but increased the catalase and superoxide dismutase activities in both frontal cortex and hippocampus. The effects of KBD were similar to those caused by oral administration of vitamin E. HPLC analysis of the KBD extract revealed the presence of piperine, madecassoside, asiaticoside, luteolin-7-O-glucoside, rutin, kaempferol-3-glucoside, quercetin, kaempferol and ferulic acid as major constituents.

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“…This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) which permits copy and redistribute the material just in noncommercial usages, provided the original work is properly cited. chronic mild stress in mice (8). To date, there is no information about the antimicrobial effects of D. alatus extracts.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antibacterial and Wound Healing Activity of Dipterocarpus alatus Crude Extract Against Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus-induced Superficial Skin Infection in Mice

et al. 2019

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Background: The bark oil of Dipterocarpus alatus Roxb. ex G. Don (resin tree) has been used for the treatment of ulcerated wounds in Ayurvedic medicine. However, information is still scarce about D. alatus extract and its constituents. Objectives: This study aimed to examine the antibacterial and wound healing effects of D. alatus crude extracts against methicillinresistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) in a superficial skin infection using a tape-stripping mouse model. Methods: Different parts (bark, leaves, twig, wood, and oleo-resin) of D. alatus were used for extraction. Crude extracts with two pure compounds (α,β-gurjunene and dipterocarpol) were examined for antibacterial activity against methicillin-susceptible S. aureus (MSSA) and MRSA in vitro. The in vivo antibacterial activity against MRSA was examined in a tape-stripping mouse model of superficial skin infection by evaluating transepidermal water loss (TEWL), colony counts from wound culture swabs, and H&E staining. Results: Dipterocarpus alatus twig extract showed the lowest MIC (250 µg/mL) and MBC (500 µg/mL) against MRSA among extracts from other D. alatus parts. In addition, α,β-gurjunene showed lower MIC (250 µg/mL) and MBC (250 µg/mL) against MRSA than dipterocarpol. In vivo, D. alatus twig extract significantly reduced the number of MRSA recovered from superficial wounds to levels comparable to the non-infected control group on the second day. Oleo-resin, D. alatus wood extract, α,β-gurjunene, and dipterocarpol also significantly reduced the number of MRSA. Moreover, D. alatus twig extract and dipterocarpol healed infected wounds at rates comparable to the non-infected control group. From H&E staining of wounds, fibrin accumulation and neutrophil infiltration were attenuated in mice treated with D. alatus twig extract and dipterocarpol. Conclusions: Dipterocarpus alatus twig extract and dipterocarpol possess antibacterial and wound healing properties against MRSAinduced superficial skin infection in mice.

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Effects of the Ethanol Extract of Dipterocarpus alatus Leaf on the Unpredictable Chronic Mild Stress-Induced Depression in ICR Mice and Its Possible Mechanism of Action

Cited by 20 publications

References 41 publications

The Emerging Role of SGK1 (Serum- and Glucocorticoid-Regulated Kinase 1) in Major Depressive Disorder: Hypothesis and Mechanisms

The Emerging Role of SGK1 (Serum- and Glucocorticoid-Regulated Kinase 1) in Major Depressive Disorder: Hypothesis and Mechanisms

Kleeb Bua Daeng, a Thai Traditional Herbal Formula, Ameliorated Unpredictable Chronic Mild Stress-Induced Cognitive Impairment in ICR Mice

Antibacterial and Wound Healing Activity of Dipterocarpus alatus Crude Extract Against Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus-induced Superficial Skin Infection in Mice

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